Deck 20: Sex and the Law

Question 1

In some states,laws originally defined _____ very broadly as "crimes against nature" or "deviate sexual intercourse."

A)adultery
B)fornication
C)vaginal intercourse
D)sodomy

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The right to enter,form,and dissolve marriage primarily includes

A)equal entitlements to refrain from disclosing sexual disease-related information to one's partner.
B)the privilege to maintain an out-of-wedlock relationship for both partners.
C)equal entitlements to social welfare irrespective of the form of relationships.
D)entitlements to participate in the development and implementation of statutory policies that determine welfare

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following rights,adopted at the 14th World Congress of Sexology,specifically refers to freedom from all forms of discrimination regardless of sex,gender,sexual orientation,and so on?

A)the right to sexual privacy
B)the right to sexual autonomy
C)the right to sexual choice
D)the right to sexual equality

Answer 3

D

Question 4

In a certain state,abortion has been made illegal.Which of the following sexual rights is being encroached upon in this state?

A)the right to autonomy and bodily integrity
B)the right to sexual information based upon scientific inquiry
C)the right to enter,form,and dissolve marriage
D)the right to sexual equity

Question 5

_____ refers to unmarried persons living together,with sexual relations assumed.

A)Cohabitation
B)Incest
C)Polygyny
D)Statutory rape

Question 6

Which of the following universal sexual rights,adopted at the 14th World Congress of Sexology,specifically deals with the right for individual decisions and behaviors about intimacy as long as they do not intrude on the sexual rights of others?

A)the right to emotional sexual expression
B)the right to sexual pleasure
C)the right to sexual equity
D)the right to sexual privacy

Question 7

Which of the following universal sexual rights,adopted at the 14th World Congress of Sexology,provides relief through restitution,compensation,rehabilitation,satisfaction,and guarantee of non-repetition?

A)The right to emotional sexual expression
B)The right to access to justice,remedies,and redress
C)The right to sexually associate freely
D)The right to enter,form,and dissolve marriage

Question 8

_____ is defined as intercourse involving persons at least one of whom is married to someone else.

A)Larceny
B)Cohabitation
C)Battery
D)Adultery

Question 9

Which of the following has been used as a justification for outlawing cohabitation in certain states?

A)prevention of incest
B)prevention of cognitive dissonance
C)prevention of illegitimacy
D)prevention of statutory rape

Question 10

Which of the following is true about laws against cohabitation?

A)These laws make cohabitation illegal in all 50 states.
B)These laws are rarely enforced but they have been used in some child custody cases.
C)These laws are strictly enforced in all states in an effort to prevent rampant illegitimacy.
D)These laws are justified on the grounds of preventing adultery.

Question 11

Which of the following has historically been a rationale behind enacting sex laws?

A)to give sexual minorities the right to live openly and without discrimination
B)to allow more freedom of sexual expression
C)to protect the family as the principal unit of the social order
D)to remain neutral in matters involving the attainment of sex through coercion and exploitation

Question 12

About which of the following elements of adultery is there a lack of consensus among the 50 U.S.states?

A)whether marriage is a pre-condition for the guilty partner
B)whether sexual intercourse is a precondition for adultery
C)whether a single incident sufficiently constitutes adultery
D)whether the Victorian compromise applies to adultery

Question 13

Alfred has anal intercourse with David.In legal terms,this act is defined as _____.

A)onanism
B)sodomy
C)adultery
D)cunnilingus

Question 14

Ted has sexual intercourse with Julia,a married woman.This can be classified as _____.

A)larceny
B)adultery
C)sodomy
D)incest

Question 15

Jake has been living with his girlfriend Sheila for almost two years.They share responsibilities as a family and also regularly engage in sex.Their case is an example of _____.

A)bestiality
B)cohabitation
C)statutory rape
D)spousal rape

Question 16

Which of the following universal sexual rights,adopted at the 14th World Congress of Sexology,encompasses control and enjoyment of our own bodies free from torture,mutilation,and violence of any sort?

A)the right to make free and responsible reproductive choices
B)the right to sexual information based upon scientific inquiry
C)the right to sexual autonomy,sexual integrity,and safety of the sexual body
D)the right to sexual equity and the right to emotional sexual expression

Question 17

Which of the following is an issue that arises with defining adultery?

A)whether both parties or only the married individual is guilty
B)whether both parties provided consent
C)whether the married individual has children
D)whether one of the parties received payment for having intercourse

Question 18

In 1986,24 states had laws against sodomy.In 2003,the U.S.Supreme Court

A)ruled that such laws are an unconstitutional invasion of privacy.
B)validated the sodomy laws that remained in the legal codes in 13 states.
C)revised these laws such that they would work to exempt gays in general.
D)ruled that it would become illegal to enforce them only against lesbians.

Question 19

According to the text,exhibitionism falls under the category of

A)crimes of community standards of exploitation.
B)criminal consensual acts.
C)crimes against community standards of good taste.
D)crimes against procreation.

Question 20

Which of the following describes the legal status of adultery in the United States?

A)Adultery has basically been eliminated as grounds for divorce across the United States.
B)Adultery carries no penalties in most states.
C)Adultery has increased so much in the last decade that most states have reacted by rescinding the laws stating that it can be a reason for divorce.
D)Adultery is a crime in 23 states and the District of Columbia,and is grounds for divorce in almost every state in the United States.

Question 21

The decision in Roe v.Wade made a woman's right to _____ nearly absolute.

A)abortion in any trimester
B)first-trimester abortion
C)second-trimester abortion
D)third-trimester abortion

Question 22

With the exception of _____,the American Law Institute follows the principle that private sexual behaviors between consenting adults are not the law's business.

A)commercial sex work
B)onanism
C)voyeurism
D)adultery

Question 23

Which of the following is true about the "Don't Ask,Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010"?

A)It caused the ambiguity associated with homosexual individuals in the military to increase after coming into effect.
B)It refused entry and dismissed those military candidates and employees respectively who were known to be homosexual individuals.
C)It required that the president and military leaders certify that the military was ready to let gays and lesbians serve openly in the army.
D)It required gays and lesbians to maintain their sexual orientation a secret.

Question 24

In almost every jurisdiction in the United States,sex is illegal

A)when interests of emotional gain are involved.
B)between two heterosexuals over the age of 18.
C)when money is directly exchanged for sex.
D)when two consenting homosexuals have anal sex.

Question 25

According to the text,voyeurism falls under the category of

A)crimes against community standards of good taste.
B)criminal consensual acts.
C)crimes of community standards of exploitation.
D)crimes against procreation.

Question 26

Halle and her boyfriend live in Texas,after the repeal of the sodomy law.While having anal sex,they preferred keeping the windows open,inadvertently revealing the whole act to some of their neighboring apartments.In this scenario,their conduct could be interpreted as

A)an act of criminal consensus.
B)a crime against community standards of good taste.
C)a crime against reproduction.
D)an act of spousal rape.

Question 27

The American Law Institute's Model Penal Code recommended decriminalizing

A)pedophiliA.
B)consenting adults' private sexual behavior.
C)indecent exposure and/or public nuisances.
D)prostitution.

Question 28

Which of the following could be the only conceivable end served by criminalizing sexual acts performed by consenting adults?

A)protection of public morals
B)protection of unsuspecting victims
C)protection of innocent bystanders
D)protection against sexist advances

Question 29

The legal challenges to laws or policies that discriminate against gays,lesbians,prostitutes,and other groups are usually based on the principle of

A)equal protection.
B)right to privacy.
C)pursuit of happiness.
D)religious freedom.

Question 30

Entrapment is most often associated with

A)acts of same-sex marriage.
B)crimes of good taste.
C)criminal consensual acts.
D)crimes against procreation.

Question 31

In the case of Williams et al.v.Pryor,the court ruled unconstitutional the Alabama law that prohibited distribution of "any device...for the stimulation of human genitals." The plaintiffs had shown that the use of such devices for the stimulation of human genitals was protected under the right of

A)sexual equity.
B)self-gratification.
C)sexual privacy.
D)sexual choice.

Question 32

The Supreme Court case of _____ invalidated a state law under which a physician was prosecuted for providing contraceptive information to a married couple.

A)Roe v.Wade
B)Webster v.Reproductive Health Services
C)Griswold v.Connecticut
D)Williams et al.v.Pryor

Question 33

Ken,an undercover police officer,poses as a client and solicits sex from a prostitute.The prostitute is then arrested for her actions.This form of discriminatory arrest practice followed by Ken is called _____.

A)entrapment
B)decriminalization
C)battery
D)harassment

Question 34

The Roe v.Wade Supreme Court Decision in 1973 invoked the principle of

A)equal rights of women.
B)the fetus being a person or ensoulment.
C)equal access to contraception.
D)right to sexual privacy.

Question 35

One of the most celebrated "equal protection" cases in the 1990s that resulted in a positive judgment for gays and lesbians was the case of

A)Romer v.Evans.
B)Bowers v.Hardwick.
C)Roe v.Wade.
D)Baehr v.Lewin.

Question 36

Hayden routinely exposes his genitals to women in a public park.He feels sexually aroused by the shock he induces among the women.His actions would be considered

A)criminal commercial sex.
B)a crime against reproduction.
C)a crime against good taste.
D)a criminal consensual act.

Question 37

American states are more likely to reform their sex laws as part of a complete overhaul of their criminal codes rather than make specific repeals of such laws.This is because

A)legalization involves simply revising legal definitions.
B)decriminalization forces the state to take sides on an issue.
C)legalizing unconventional sexual practices can cause people to accuse the state of condoning those acts.
D)legalizing unconventional sexual practices is morally neutral,and therefore,it leads to less public backlash.

Question 38

Removing an act from those prohibited by law is referred to as _____.

A)coagulation
B)decriminalization
C)institutionalization
D)acquisition

Question 39

Obscenity is considered to belong to the category of crimes

A)against good taste.
B)of commercial sex.
C)of exploitation.
D)against procreation.

Question 40

The main criterion for a "victimless crime" is that

A)there is no crime.
B)the victim does not feel or perceive that whatever took place was a crime.
C)there is no perpetrator.
D)the act does no legal harm to anyone or provides no demonstrable victim.

Question 41

Compared to legislation,the more fruitful approach against pornography is to

A)educate the community on the negative effects of pornography.
B)form community groups to identify and report such acts or businesses.
C)restrict access to such places or services through increased taxes.
D)regulate or eliminate its sale through the use of zoning ordinances.

Question 42

Which of the following statements is true about pornography?

A)Pornography excludes any explicit depiction of sexual activity and genitaliA.
B)Pornography is protected by the Fifth Amendment in the U.S.
C)Pornography represents both suggestive and explicit sexual content,but is not illegal.
D)Pornography and obscenity were both outlawed by the Supreme Court in the 1957 Roth case.

Question 43

In the 1982 case of New York v.Ferber,the U.S.Supreme Court ruled unanimously that _____ is illegal.

A)same-sex pornography
B)amateur pornography shot using hidden cameras
C)child pornography
D)pornography on the Internet

Question 44

The _____ serves as a rider to the appropriations bills forbidding the expenditure of any federal money for abortions under most circumstances.

A)Hyde Amendment
B)Anti-abortion Bill
C)Planned Parenthood Agreement
D)Bioethics Act

Question 45

In the case of Planned Parenthood v.Casey in Pennsylvania,the court upheld Pennsylvania's requirement that

A)parental consent is not required for juvenile abortions.
B)spousal consent is mandatory for second-trimester abortions.
C)women seeking abortions be informed about fetal development.
D)federal money will not be used to perform an abortion.

Question 46

The real problem in most jurisdictions regarding crimes of obscenity is

A)locating people who buy obscene material.
B)deciding precisely what is legally obscene.
C)determining the age of the individuals involved.
D)identifying locations that sell such material.

Question 47

The case in which the Supreme Court decided that obscenity was not protected by the First Amendment was

A)Miller v.CaliforniA.
B)Eisenstadt v.Baird.
C)Roth v.United States.
D)Griswold v.Connecticut.

Question 48

In the 1973 case of Miller v.California,the provision that allows the local community to determine what is obscene is referred to as

A)religious morality.
B)social ethical categories.
C)contemporary community standards.
D)ethical community standards.

Question 49

The argument against the criminalization of prostitution can be countered by suggestions that

A)sex workers never solicit their customers.
B)commercial sex work may indeed have victims.
C)prostitution is a source of income for many.
D)all sex workers are well-informed about their career choice.

Question 50

Legal censorship of erotic materials is considered by some to be at odds with the _____ Amendment.

A)First
B)Fifth
C)Fourteenth
D)Fifteenth

Question 51

Helena belongs to a group that strives to eliminate or reduce abortions.She and some members of her church are regularly featured on television giving their views on how abortion undermines the gift of life.Helena is typically a _____
Activist.

A)pro-life
B)pro-choice
C)Sorosian
D)Sangerite

Question 52

Which of the following is a strategy used by the pro-life movement?

A)providing government funding for low-income women to pay for abortions
B)stipulating strict punishment against those who disrupt or harm abortion providers
C)banning partial birth abortions which is not a recognized medical procedure
D)lobbying against and defeating legislators who oppose the anti-abortion cause

Question 53

Which of the following statements about the laws regarding abortion in the United States is true?

A)A married woman getting an abortion must obtain her husband's consent.
B)As of 1992,an unmarried woman had to get the consent of both parents to proceed with an abortion.
C)States could require parental consent for unmarried girls under 18 seeking abortions.
D)As of 1992,no mandatory counseling session and waiting periods can be imposed on women wanting elective abortions.

Question 54

The clearest impact of parental involvement laws in abortion is

A)the drastic reduction in cases of juvenile pregnancy and abortion referrals.
B)the closure of illegal abortion clinics across the country.
C)the increase in minors traveling outside their home states to obtain abortion services.
D)the reduction in federal expenditure on abortion,except under special circumstances.

Question 55

A study on the impact of mandatory counseling and waiting period laws finds that a major impact is

A)a reduction of first-trimester abortions.
B)an increase in the case of second-trimester abortions.
C)a reduction in the number of women who go outside their home state to obtain abortion services.
D)an increase in the number of Internet-based abortion services.

Question 56

Wendy started a group called "Your Body,Your Right," which deals with a host of women's issues like objectification of women in the media,awareness of anorexia and bulimia,and women's right to elective abortions.Wendy is most likely to be a _____ activist.

A)pro-life
B)pro-choice
C)contra-death
D)pro-preservation

Question 57

Which of the following statements is true about the ethnic profile of women obtaining abortions?

A)Women of color are less likely to have abortions than white women.
B)A lesser percentage of women of color obtain abortions after the first trimester than white women.
C)Ninety percent of all abortions obtained by white women were performed after the first trimester.
D)For women of color,the process of raising funds delays the abortion until the second trimester.

Question 58

Viability tests are conducted to determine

A)the extent of public acceptance of a new law.
B)if fetuses are sufficiently developed to live outside the womB.
C)the potential consequences of sex-relevant laws.
D)if gays applying to be adoptive parents are suitable candidates.

Question 59

Which of the following statements correctly distinguishes pornography from obscenity?

A)Obscenity is divided into softcore and hard-core,whereas pornography lacks any such gradations or types.
B)All forms of pornography are illegal,whereas all forms of obscenity are legal.
C)Obscenity is a legal term,whereas pornography is a non-legal popular term.
D)Obscenity is protected under the First Amendment,whereas pornography is not.

Question 60

An effective strategy to restrict abortion by making it more difficult or unpleasant to get an abortion has been to require that women seeking an abortion be given certain information about

A)the social stigma attached to it.
B)the religious beliefs regarding abortion.
C)the legal implications of abortion.
D)the level of fetal development.

Question 61

Discuss the status of gays and lesbians in the armed forces after the repealment of the "Don't ask,don't tell" policy.

Question 62

Which of the following is true about legislations concerning acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)infections?

A)In at least half of the states,physicians have the discretion to notify sexual partners of those who test positive for the virus.
B)Laws in 20 states require that the names of persons with AIDS be reported to the local or state health authorities.
C)Knowingly transmitting HIV infection is a felony in all 50 states and the District of Columbia.
D)A California Supreme Court has ruled that a man accused of infecting his then-wife need not disclose his previous sexual activity in response to her request.

Question 63

What are the ways in which gay,lesbian,bisexual,and transgender persons face discrimination?

Question 64

Explain the concept of victimless crime.Use at least two examples.

Question 65

Distinguish between pornography and obscenity.

Question 66

What are the legislations for protecting children from sexual exploitation?

Question 67

Discuss the reasons behind the implementation of sex laws in a society.

Question 68

What are the crimes against good taste?

Question 69

The "Don't Ask,Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010" allows gays and lesbians to serve openly in the military.

Question 70

Briefly describe the five strategies used by the pro-life activists to eliminate or reduce abortions.

Question 71

Including third-party participation in new reproductive technologies is also called

A)exclusive reproduction.
B)palliative assistance
C)collaborative conception.
D)postpartum assistance

Question 72

Restrictions on abortion have had the most significant effects on women

A)of color.
B)from cities.
C)who are married.
D)of the upper-class white population.

Question 73

Describe the Victorian compromise.

Question 74

When considering the legal challenge posed by new reproductive technologies,the foremost question is whether

A)there is a fundamental right to reproduce.
B)these technologies are safe for the mother and child.
C)these should be made available to homosexual couples.
D)only married couples should be permitted to use them.

Question 75

When compared to white women,a very small percentage of Black and Hispanic women obtained abortions that were performed in the first trimester.Which of the following serves as the key factor in bringing about this difference?

A)the delay in confirming pregnancy
B)the differences in cultural habits
C)the landmark case of Roe v.Wade
D)the Hyde Amendment

Question 76

Describe at least two issues about laws relating to new reproductive technology.

Question 77

Which of the following could be the primary motivating force behind increasingly restrictive laws regulating sexual behavior?

A)the growing support for conservative values
B)the fear of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
C)the weakening of the feminist movement
D)the decriminalization of sexual acts

Question 78

Discuss the concept of zoning to regulate pornography.What are its negative effects?