Deck 21: Environmental Health

Question 1

Which of the following is TRUE regarding Canadian water systems?

A)No Canadians have died from contaminated water in the last 10 years.
B)Hazardous chemicals from manufacturing do not infiltrate water systems in Canada.
C)In most areas of Canada,water systems supply adequate,dependable,and safe water.
D)Water shortages are not a concern in the Canada.

Answer 1

In most areas of Canada,water systems supply adequate,dependable,and safe water.

Question 2

The ultimate solution to the problem of garbage is

A)land burial.
B)burning.
C)sea burial.
D)reduced consumption.

Answer 2

reduced consumption.

Question 3

Sanitary landfills are primarily used to dispose of

A)radioactive waste.
B)solid waste.
C)sewage.
D)recyclables.

Answer 3

solid waste.

Question 4

Water is usually disinfected by using

A)fluoride.
B)chlorine.
C)filtration.
D)screening.

Question 5

The water treatment that helps reduce tooth decay is

A)filtration.
B)disinfection.
C)chlorination.
D)fluoridation.

Question 6

The average Canadian generates how much household waste each year?

A)150 kilograms
B)300 kilograms
C)380 kilograms
D)520 kilograms

Question 7

The biggest component of household trash by weight is

A)plastics.
B)paper products.
C)organic products.
D)metals.

Question 8

Heavy-metal contamination of sludge

A)can best be eliminated through burning.
B)is hazardous to health.
C)enhances its use as a fertilizer.
D)cannot be absorbed by water.

Question 9

Which one of the following is NOT one of the four Rs of green consumerism presented in your text?

A)reduce
B)recycle
C)refuse
D)reuse

Question 10

All of the following are simple steps for protecting the water supply,EXCEPT

A)taking showers instead of baths.
B)watering lawns and garden plants in mid-afternoon.
C)fixing leaky faucets.
D)not pouring old medicines down the drain.

Question 11

Rodents that carry disease-causing microorganisms are referred to as

A)sectors.
B)vectors.
C)carriers.
D)transporters.

Question 12

A self-contained sewage disposal system is a

A)slush system.
B)sluice system.
C)septic system.
D)drain fielD.

Question 13

According to the World Health Organization,__________ people do not have access to safe drinking water.

A)1 million
B)6 million
C)3 billion
D)1 billion

Question 14

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding environmental health?

A)It has focused on preventing infectious diseases spread by water,waste,food,rodents,and insects.
B)It encompasses all the interactions of humans and their environment and the health consequences of these actions.
C)Environmental pollutants contribute not only to infectious diseases but chronic diseases.
D)All of these statements are true.

Question 15

The most publicized health threat associated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)is

A)arthritis.
B)mental retardation.
C)cancer.
D)birth defects.

Question 16

What percentage of the world's fresh water is available for human use?

A)1
B)2
C)5
D)10

Question 17

Sewage contains primarily

A)human feces.
B)heavy metals.
C)paper waste.
D)radioactive waste.

Question 18

Sewage sludge is sometimes used as a fertilizer,unless it is contaminated with

A)heavy metals.
B)high concentrations of water purifiers.
C)high concentrations of fluoride.
D)agricultural chemicals.

Question 19

What is the process by which organic substances are broken down naturally by living organisms?

A)biodegration
B)recycling
C)septic systemization
D)organic oxygenation

Question 20

Which of the following is considered a recommendation for reducing garbage?

A)Avoid using paper cups by bringing your own china coffee mug to work.
B)Buy products with the least amount of packaging.
C)Use foil or plastic wraps to store food.
D)A and B

Question 21

How many people are added to the world's population every minute?

A)10
B)75
C)150
D)225

Question 22

The U.N.projects that world population will reach 9.1 billion by

A)2020.
B)2050.
C)2075.
D)3000.

Question 23

A major contributor to the loss of biodiversity is

A)population growth.
B)technology.
C)tourism.
D)crop harvesting year rounD.

Question 24

Which of the following does NOT contribute to air pollution?

A)forest fire
B)battery-driven golf carts
C)blooming flowers
D)dust storms

Question 25

Which of the following medical conditions has(have)been linked to air pollution?

A)reduced birth weight
B)reduced lung capacity in teenagers
C)thickening of the arteries in adults
D)All of these choices have been linked to air pollution.

Question 26

In ______________,many kinds of waste materials are collected and used as raw materials in the production of new products.

A)recycling
B)composting
C)biodegration
D)sanitary landfills

Question 27

Particulate matter is released into the atmosphere by all of the following,EXCEPT

A)household furnaces.
B)industrial processes.
C)dust from roadways.
D)combustion of fossil fuels.

Question 28

There will be more people age 60 and over than children by

A)2005.
B)2010.
C)2050.
D)2100.

Question 29

The Air Quality Health Index measures:

A)level of carbon monoxide over the previous ten days.
B)deterioration in the ozone layer.
C)whether air pollution levels pose a health concern for Canadians.
D)amount that visibility is diminished by smog.

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT a factor directly related to population control?

A)fertility rates
B)habitat destruction
C)death rates
D)availability of family planning

Question 31

The Air Quality Health Index is used for all of the following,EXCEPT

A)particulate matter.
B)natural gas.
C)ground-level ozone.
D)nitrogen dioxide.

Question 32

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding air pollution?

A)Research has linked exposure to air pollution to reduced birth weight in infants.
B)Air pollution occurs with every pollen bloom.
C)Increased population growth,especially in urban areas,concentrates the problem.
D)Nuclear energy seems to be the solution to air pollution.

Question 33

What is the core reason for many of today's environmental problems?

A)air pollution
B)water pollution
C)dependence on nuclear power
D)rapid population growth

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT considered "e-waste"?

A)old computers
B)old televisions
C)used computer paper
D)old cell phones

Question 35

Factors that may limit human population growth include all of the following,EXCEPT

A)energy.
B)available water.
C)food supply.
D)housing.

Question 36

World population is increasing at the approximate rate of 76 million people per

A)week.
B)month.
C)year.
D)decade.

Question 37

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding factors contributing to population growth?

A)Families have more children to ensure enough survive childhood to work for the household.
B)Half the world's couples do not use any form of family planning.
C)Death rates have decreased in the developing worlds due to improved public health measures.
D)All of these statements are true.

Question 38

Tropical rainforests are being destroyed at the rate of one acre every

A)week.
B)hour.
C)second.
D)month.

Question 39

Why is the "e-waste" problem expected to get worse in the next few years?

A)People are buying new cell phones more frequently than ever before.
B)Computers become obsolete more quickly than they used to.
C)Everyone is switching from VCR to DVD technology.
D)The Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission mandated a change to digital TV in 2011.

Question 40

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding factors in world population growth?

A)There is currently enough food produced to feed the world's entire population.
B)About half the world's energy currently comes from renewable sources.
C)It is the driving force between many of the more recent environmental concerns.
D)High child mortality rates are associated with high fertility rates.

Question 41

If the greenhouse effect does raise temperatures worldwide,it is predicted that all of the following will happen,EXCEPT

A)change in location of vegetation zones.
B)increased mortality from heat stress.
C)change in weather and ocean patterns.
D)distortion of the earth's orbital path.

Question 42

About what percentage of energy used in Canada comes from oil?

A)25 percent
B)32 percent
C)40 percent
D)56 percent

Question 43

The ozone layer in the upper atmosphere

A)shields the earth from the sun's ultraviolet rays.
B)facilitates temperature inversions.
C)maintains the pH of rain.
D)is the key component of smog.

Question 44

The most obvious depletion of the ozone layer has occurred over

A)AntarcticA.
B)the United States.
C)the equator.
D)Africa.

Question 45

Exposure to ________ can cause headaches,chronic bronchitis,dizziness,fatigue,and death.

A)environnemental tobacco smoke
B)formaldehyde gas
C)carbon monoxide
D)asbestos

Question 46

The greenhouse effect is related to

A)acid rain.
B)global warming.
C)ecological homeostasis.
D)smog.

Question 47

Ozone loss increases the risk of

A)melanomA.
B)vision impairments.
C)hearing loss.
D)birth defects.

Question 48

Levels of atmospheric greenhouse gases are rising because of

A)combustion of fossil fuels.
B)water pollution.
C)acid rain.
D)the destruction of the ozone layer.

Question 49

The key component of smog is

A)sulfur dioxide.
B)particulate matter.
C)carbon monoxide.
D)ground-level ozone.

Question 50

An Air Quality Health Index of 8 is classified as

A)good.
B)moderate.
C)high risk.
D)very high risk.

Question 51

Ground level ozone has been linked with all of the following,EXCEPT

A)damaging the lining of the lungs.
B)aggravating asthma.
C)increasing one's risk of lung cancer.
D)reducing lung function.

Question 52

A gas or vapour that traps infrared radiation instead of allowing it to escape through the atmosphere s called a(n)

A)air stagnator.
B)temperature inversion column.
C)greenhouse gas.
D)global warming ozone.

Question 53

Which of the following often contributes to major smog occurrences?

A)heavy motor vehicle traffic
B)high temperatures and sunny weather
C)lack of wind
D)all of the above

Question 54

Release of __________ into the atmosphere is the primary cause of the depletion of the ozone layer.

A)chlorofluorocarbons
B)fluorine
C)PCBs
D)ethanol

Question 55

Environmental tobacco smoke increases the risk of

A)cardiovascular disease.
B)bronchitis.
C)asthma.
D)all of the above.

Question 56

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the earth's polar ice caps?

A)By 2030,the polar ice could melt way completely during the summer months.
B)Since 2007,there has been less polar ice melting than there was from 2000 to 2006.
C)Experts now believe that polar ice melting will not be a problem for future generations.
D)Polar ice melts cause the stabilization of global weather patterns.

Question 57

The disease that is most likely to increase in incidence because of the thinning of the ozone layer is

A)lung cancer.
B)lymphoma.
C)skin cancer.
D)leukemia.

Question 58

What percentage of the greenhouse effect may be attributable to carbon dioxide?

A)10 percent
B)25 percent
C)45 percent
D)60 percent

Question 59

Key greenhouse gases include all of the following,EXCEPT

A)helium.
B)carbon dioxide.
C)chlorofluorocarbons.
D)methane.

Question 60

___________ are the biggest energy consumers.

A)Russians
B)Europeans
C)Americans
D)Scandinavians

Question 61

It is predicted that a 10 percent decrease in ozone levels would result in a rise in nonmelanoma skin cancer of _____ percent.

A)13
B)26
C)39
D)50

Question 62

One potential drawback with the use of ethanol as an alternative energy source is

A)the diversion of corn crops from the food supply.
B)that it is a non-renewable energy source.
C)that it will increase greenhouse gas emissions.
D)that it cannot be produced in the U.S

Question 63

You can conserve energy by doing all of the following,EXCEPT

A)cutting back on driving.
B)making sure your home is well-insulated.
C)planting and caring for trees.
D)using fluorescent tubes for lighting.

Question 64

Which of the following pollutants causes central nervous system damage and mental impairment and is a particular risk for children living in older buildings?

A)asbestos
B)carbon monoxide
C)formaldehyde gas
D)lead

Question 65

The pesticide DDT contributed to the control of

A)insect-borne disease in tropical countries.
B)Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
C)smallpox.
D)diphtheria.

Question 66

The world's current population is about what?

A)6 billion
B)6.6 billion
C)7.6 billion
D)12 billion

Question 67

When toxic or potentially toxic substances build up in the food chain,the process is called

A)vector transmission.
B)biomagnification.
C)bioloading.
D)radiation sickness.

Question 68

You can help save the ozone layer by doing all of the following,EXCEPT

A)checking your car's air conditioner for leaks.
B)using rigid foam insulation in your home.
C)asking your physician for an ozone-safe inhaler.
D)not buying products that contain CFCs.

Question 69

A naturally occurring metal found in some foods and consumer products that has been linked to brain,kidney,and gastrointestinal tract damage is

A)mercury.
B)silver.
C)aluminum.
D)iron.

Question 70

Eye,nose,and throat irritations are most likely the result of which of the following sources of indoor air pollution?

A)radon
B)formaldehyde gas
C)combustion by-products
D)biologic pollutants

Question 71

Which one of the following statements is FALSE about the effects of noise?

A)Permanent hearing loss can occur from prolonged exposure to sounds above 80-85 decibels.
B)Children may suffer damage to their hearing at noise levels lower than when adults would suffer damage.
C)Permanent hearing loss occurs within the first 2 hours of exposure to sounds above 60 decibels.
D)Federal,provincial,and territorial governments set legal standards for noise levels in the workplace.

Question 72

The form of radiation that poses the most serious risk to human health is _____________ radiation.

A)microwave
B)infrared
C)gamma
D)X-ray

Question 73

The impetus for the banning of DDT was provided by

A)the publication of the book Silent Spring.
B)the high concentration of child deaths in a farming community in British Columbia.
C)high concentrations of cancer diagnoses in agricultural communities across America.
D)testing by the Food and Drug Administration.

Question 74

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding energy use and pollution?

A)Energy consumption has little to do with environmental problems such as air pollution.
B)Nuclear power creates energy without producing pollution.
C)The mining of coal causes pollution on land and is a serious health problem.
D)None of the above.

Question 75

Which of the following is an acronym for a recently introduced type of vehicle that has a high fuel economy rating?

A)SUV
B)AQI
C)HEV
D)CFC

Question 76

Ozone levels have declined by what percentage since 1980?

A)5 percent
B)10 percent
C)20 percent
D)30 percent

Question 77

In 2056,it is estimated that the Canadian population will number:

A)35 million
B)40 million
C)42.5 million
D)47 million

Question 78

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding poverty and health?

A)Residents living in poor neighborhoods are often exposed to more environmental toxins than residents living in wealthier communities.
B)Poor neighborhoods are common sites for hazardous waste pollution.
C)Studies show that children from wealthy families have higher concentrations of lead in their blood than do children from poor families.
D)Asthma is a growing problem in poor families.

Question 79

The respiratory disease most closely associated with asbestos is

A)lung cancer.
B)black lung disease.
C)brown lung disease.
D)bronchitis.

Question 80

Eating large amounts of which of the following foods can expose you to high levels of mercury?

A)beef
B)pork
C)chicken
D)fish