Deck 3: Psychological Health

Question 1

Psychological normality is the same as

A)having average intelligence.
B)being close to mentally average.
C)being mentally healthy.
D)all of these.

Answer 1

being close to mentally average.

Question 2

According to Erikson's stages of development,the conflict typical of young adulthood involves

A)industry vs.inferiority.
B)integrity vs.despair.
C)trust vs.mistrust.
D)intimacy vs.isolation.

Answer 2

intimacy vs.isolation.

Question 3

The ability to share feelings without fear of rejection is most closely associated with

A)acceptance.
B)autonomy.
C)intimacy.
D)creativity.

Answer 3

intimacy.

Question 4

Our early identity models are most likely to be

A)parents.
B)celebrities.
C)friends.
D)teachers.

Question 5

People who are "real" and not afraid to be themselves can be described as

A)authentic.
B)creative.
C)intimate.
D)distresseD.

Question 6

Maggie,a junior in college,is changing her major for the fourth time.She expresses frustration about her attempt to choose a course of study that reflects her character and interests rather than her family's expectations.Erikson would most likely say that Maggie is

A)experiencing an identity crisis.
B)subconsciously rebelling against her parents.
C)afraid of making a commitment.
D)feeling overwhelmed by too many career options.

Question 7

Which of the following statements describes people who are autonomous?

A)They do not express their feelings because of fear of disapproval.
B)They respond only to what they feel as outside pressure.
C)They act because they feel driven by forces in their social environment.
D)They are physically,socially,emotionally,and intellectually independent.

Question 8

Which of the following statements accurately describes self-actualized people?

A)They are largely able to accept themselves and others.
B)They are outer-directed in their view of the world around them.
C)They do not trust their own senses and feelings.
D)They are autocratic in their decision-making.

Question 9

The conflict of Erikson's first stage of development is between

A)trust and mistrust.
B)freedom and responsibility.
C)inner-directed and outer-directed behavior.
D)autonomy and shame/self-doubt.

Question 10

According to Maslow,basic human needs are ranked in the following order from most urgent to least urgent:

A)physiological needs,safety,being loved,maintaining self-esteem,self-actualization.
B)safety,physiological needs,being loved,maintaining self-esteem,self-actualization.
C)safety,physiological needs,maintaining self-esteem,self-actualization.
D)self-actualization,physiological needs,safety,maintaining self-esteem,being loveD.

Question 11

Which of the following qualities characterizes self-actualization?

A)passivity
B)isolation from others
C)good physical health
D)realism

Question 12

Which statement about the development of self-esteem is FALSE?

A)It is based on experiences that occur within the family.
B)It is influenced by personality.
C)Rejected children may fail to develop feelings of self-worth.
D)Children knowingly adopt the characteristics of their parents.

Question 13

Maslow would NOT have described a self-actualized person as

A)knowing the difference between what is and what one wants.
B)willing to accept evidence that contradicts what one wants to believe.
C)remaining focused on the idea of the way things should be.
D)continually looking at the world with renewed appreciation.

Question 14

Stability,as it relates to self-esteem,is best described as

A)a complete absence of mixed messages about oneself from others.
B)an integration of the self.
C)an unwavering positive self-image.
D)a necessary component for the establishment of a sense of love and belonging.

Question 15

People with established identities tend to do all of the following EXCEPT

A)form intimate,lasting relationships.
B)remain isolated.
C)share open communication.
D)love and be loveD.

Question 16

Which of the following statements regarding psychological health is TRUE?

A)Psychological health is independent of social health.
B)Psychological health is a myth.
C)Psychological health is freedom from mental disorders.
D)Psychological health and physical health are intertwineD.

Question 17

The stages of Erik Erikson's model of psychological development are experienced

A)selectively.
B)sequentially.
C)randomly.
D)simultaneously.

Question 18

People with the quality of acceptance usually

A)have a positive but realistic perception of themselves.
B)have a higher opinion of themselves than is healthy.
C)feel good about themselves but rarely live up to their self-image.
D)are intolerant of their own imperfections.

Question 19

The ability to look at the world with appreciation and curiosity is most closely associated with

A)self-esteem.
B)autonomy.
C)intimacy.
D)creativity.

Question 20

A 10-year-old girl learning about her capabilities in the classroom and on the playground would be in Erikson's stage of

A)industry vs.inferiority.
B)identity vs.role confusion.
C)initiative vs.guilt.
D)integrity vs.despair.

Question 21

Irrational,repetitive,hard-to-resist actions are called

A)delusions.
B)phobias.
C)obsessions.
D)compulsions.

Question 22

Which of the following factors plays a major part in psychological disorders?

A)genetics
B)culture
C)biology
D)all of these.

Question 23

A technique that may aid in fighting demoralization is

A)assuming the worst.
B)keeping a journal of self-talk.
C)overgeneralizing.
D)using defense mechanisms.

Question 24

An example of a compulsion is

A)the impulse to hurt a family member.
B)anxiety about contracting HIV infection from a sneeze.
C)uncontrollable worry about an accident.
D)constant and repetitive checking that the alarm is set.

Question 25

Which of the following statements about fear is FALSE?

A)It is a basic and useful emotion.
B)It is considered to be a problem if it is out of proportion to real danger.
C)It is another word for anxiety.
D)It is most useful when it occurs on a daily basis.

Question 26

Which of the following is a helpful strategy to use when you feel explosive anger coming on?

A)Try to reframe what you are thinking at the moment.
B)Replay scenes from similar past conflicts.
C)Permanently avoid the issue/person that is upsetting you.
D)Insist on discussing the problem right then and there.

Question 27

Which of the following is a social phobia?

A)fear of specific animals
B)fear of high places
C)fear of seeing blood
D)fear of embarrassment

Question 28

Someone who expresses their wishes forcefully,but not necessarily in a hostile manner,is

A)aggressive.
B)assertive.
C)passive.
D)overbearing.

Question 29

Which of the following statements is an example of negative self-talk?

A)"I wonder why my boss wants to see me? I guess I'll just have to wait and see."
B)"I'll have to start working on that next paper earlier."
C)"I won the speech contest,but only because none of the other speakers was very good."
D)"Too bad I missed that one problem through carelessness,but overall I did pretty well on this test."

Question 30

Fear of public speaking is a(n)

A)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
B)social phobia.
C)specific phobia.
D)type of panic disorder.

Question 31

Symptoms of panic disorder typically include

A)a sudden drop in blood pressure.
B)a loss of physical equilibrium.
C)feeling apathetic and energetiC.
D)a depressed heart rate.

Question 32

If you are dealing with another person's anger,you should NOT

A)react in a calm manner.
B)attempt to validate the other person.
C)accept the verbal abuse.
D)disengage for the time being.

Question 33

An example of a specific phobia is the fear of

A)dogs.
B)public speaking.
C)interaction.
D)leaving home.

Question 34

Individuals with panic disorder

A)often eventually develop generalized anxiety disorder.
B)may function normally in feared situations if someone they trust is with them.
C)usually develop the disorder in their early teenage years.
D)experience only emotional,not physical,symptoms.

Question 35

A condition that causes the sufferer to worry excessively and uncontrollably about future threats is called

A)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
B)generalized anxiety disorder.
C)panic disorder.
D)posttraumatic stress disorder.

Question 36

A person who focuses on the negative and expects failure is called a(n)

A)optimist.
B)realist.
C)masochist.
D)pessimist.

Question 37

Elena is ashamed of her sexual feelings,so she pushes them to the back of her mind and refuses to acknowledge them.This is an example of

A)repression.
B)projection.
C)rationalization.
D)displacement.

Question 38

An example of an obsession is

A)constant hand washing to cleanse away bacteriA.
B)repeating someone's name five times every time you see her.
C)constant worry over contracting syphilis from a handshake.
D)repeatedly checking to see if the stove is turned off.

Question 39

A defense mechanism by which unacceptable feelings are transferred from one event or person to a less threatening one is

A)repression.
B)projection.
C)rationalization.
D)displacement.

Question 40

A defense mechanism by which unacceptable inner impulses are attributed to others is

A)displacement.
B)rationalization.
C)projection.
D)repression.

Question 41

When studying behavior,behaviorists analyze all of the following EXCEPT

A)reinforcement.
B)intervention.
C)stimulus.
D)response.

Question 42

A drug commonly used to prevent mood swings associated with bipolar disorder is

A)thorazine.
B)anxiolotics.
C)amphetamines.
D)lithium.

Question 43

A neurotransmitter that seems to be important in the treatment of depression is

A)serotonin.
B)acetylcholine.
C)dopamine.
D)leutine.

Question 44

Which of the following is a risk factor that increases the likelihood of suicide?

A)uncontrolled compulsive behaviors
B)suicide of a family member or friend
C)increased social interactions
D)obsession with social causes

Question 45

Schizophrenia is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

A)disorganized thoughts.
B)inappropriate emotions.
C)extremely high energy levels.
D)auditory hallucinations.

Question 46

Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder include

A)loss of memory.
B)re-experiencing the trauma in dreams.
C)aggressive attempts to relive the trauma.
D)uncontrollable fear of humiliation.

Question 47

A treatment used for severe depression when other approaches fail is

A)psychoanalysis.
B)drug therapy.
C)electroconvulsive therapy.
D)light therapy.

Question 48

Which of the following is a characteristic of depression?

A)loss of pleasure in doing usual activities
B)a grandiose view of oneself
C)obsession with exercise
D)increased and manic social interaction

Question 49

All of the following drug categories are prescribed for treatment of psychological disorders EXCEPT

A)antidepressants.
B)antipsychotics.
C)stimulants.
D)hallucinogens.

Question 50

Which of the following is the best initial treatment for a person with moderate to severe depression?

A)drug therapy exclusively
B)hospitalization
C)psychotherapy exclusively
D)drug therapy and psychotherapy

Question 51

Which of the following statements about schizophrenia is TRUE?

A)Medication is not effective in treating it.
B)Schizophrenics can be at risk for suicide.
C)Most schizophrenics have "split personalities."
D)An individual can manage schizophrenia without professional help.

Question 52

People are most likely to develop posttraumatic stress disorder after

A)rape.
B)nightmares.
C)failure in school.
D)an argument.

Question 53

A delusion is

A)a type of auditory hallucination.
B)a form of disorganized thought.
C)a firmly held,false belief.
D)an obsession with a fantasy.

Question 54

The preferred method of treatment for seasonal affective disorder is

A)psychotherapy.
B)light therapy.
C)drug therapy.
D)electroconvulsive therapy.

Question 55

Which of the following attributes best characterizes mania?

A)classical depression
B)decreased sexual activity
C)fear of consequences
D)perpetual energy

Question 56

The model of human nature that emphasizes the effects of ideas on behaviors and feelings is the _______________ model.

A)biological
B)behavioral
C)cognitive
D)psychodynamic

Question 57

Manic episodes are often characterized by

A)pleasure-seeking behavior.
B)a period of low self-esteem.
C)slow,slurred speech.
D)very focused thinking.

Question 58

The technique of exposure is used to

A)encourage people to face their fears.
B)discourage people from encountering their fears.
C)provide ways for people to escape feared situations.
D)introduce the patient to similar frightening situations.

Question 59

The model of human nature that focuses on what people do is the _______________ model.

A)biological
B)behavioral
C)cognitive
D)psychodynamic

Question 60

The model of human nature that proposes that the mind's activity depends on organic structure and genetics is the _____________ model.

A)biological
B)behavioral
C)cognitive
D)psychodynamic

Question 61

Which of the following statements about seeking professional psychological help is TRUE?

A)People who are certain they do not need professional health are psychologically healthy.
B)Seeking professional help for personal problems proves that you have a psychological illness.
C)For some,professional help is a choice;for others,it is a necessity.
D)Everyone will need professional help at some point in his or her life.

Question 62

Which of the following mental health professionals is a licensed physician?

A)clinical psychologist
B)psychiatrist
C)social worker
D)counselor

Question 63

Religious belief

A)undermines problem solving.
B)is a substitute for a positive self-concept.
C)can promote psychological health for some.
D)has little bearing on mental health.

Question 64

It is easier to identify criteria for good psychological health than it is to identify criteria for poor psychological health.

Question 65

Mental health status is based on the presence or absence of symptoms.

Question 66

Psychodynamic therapies are intended to allow the patient to

A)speak freely with a supportive but objective person.
B)safely consume necessary prescription medications.
C)think cognitively about his or her problem.
D)receive reinforcement for appropriate behavior.

Question 67

According to Erikson,a primary psychological task of adolescence is the development of identity.

Question 68

A thinking pattern common to demoralized individuals is an all-or-nothing view of events.

Question 69

According to Erikson,the final stage of moral development is explaining right and wrong in terms of rules.

Question 70

All of the following are characteristic of the cognitive therapeutic approach EXCEPT

A)showing there is not enough evidence for the idea fueling the anxiety.
B)suggesting different ways of looking at the situation.
C)questioning the person's negative assumptions.
D)exposing ideas that are unrealistically positive.

Question 71

Cognitive-behavioral therapies have been developed for all of the following EXCEPT

A)panic disorder.
B)seasonal affective disorder.
C)depression.
D)obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 72

For some,self-help can be very useful.This approach features

A)ignoring self-defeating actions and ideas.
B)becoming more passive in their everyday lives.
C)raising self-esteem by counteracting negative thoughts.
D)avoiding objects and people that are feareD.

Question 73

The model of human nature that sees behavior as the result of a complex system of wishes and emotions hidden by active defenses is the _______________ model.

A)biological
B)behavioral
C)cognitive
D)psychodynamic

Question 74

College students can typically find helpful peer counseling through

A)on-campus counseling centers.
B)the community hospital.
C)online discussion groups.
D)all of these.

Question 75

Cognitive distortions are patterns of thinking that make events seem better than they are.

Question 76

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs,safety is a more basic need than is being loved.

Question 77

Individuals who do not establish a firm sense of identity may have difficulty establishing relationships.

Question 78

One of the characteristics of the self-actualized person is that she or he is self-accepting.

Question 79

To help reduce social anxiety,

A)realize your nervousness is not as visible as you think.
B)monitor your stress reaction to stay on top of it.
C)get out of the situation if you feel stress.
D)consider how your conversation partner evaluates your words and actions.

Question 80

Being able to engage in open communication and risk having hurt feelings is necessary for developing a capacity for intimacy.