Deck 14: Weight Management

Question 1

According to the National Institutes of Health,which of the following trends is occurring?

A)The percentage of overweight Americans is declining.
B)The percentage of overweight men is declining but the percentage of overweight women is increasing.
C)The percentage of overweight Americans is increasing.
D)The percentage of overweight women is declining but the percentage of overweight men is increasing.

Answer 1

The percentage of overweight Americans is increasing.

Question 2

Body mass index (BMI)is calculated by dividing

A)your weight by the circumference of your waist.
B)the calories you eat by the calories you burn.
C)your weight by the square of your height.
D)the calories you burn by the calories you eat.

Answer 2

your weight by the square of your height.

Question 3

People who tend to store body fat in the _________ are at increased risk for chronic disease.

A)thighs
B)buttocks
C)abdomen
D)hips

Answer 3

abdomen

Question 4

What are the characteristics of gynoid obesity?

A)Fat is stored in the upper body as subcutaneous fat,which increases the risk of disease.
B)Fat is stored in the lower body as subcutaneous fat,which is less tied to the risk of disease.
C)Fat is stored in the lower body as visceral fat,which is less tied to the risk of disease.
D)Fat is stored in the upper body as visceral fat,which increases the risk of disease.

Question 5

Psychological problems stemming from obesity include all of the following,EXCEPT

A)depression.
B)schizophrenia.
C)body dissatisfaction.
D)low self-esteem.

Question 6

The main drawback of using BMI to assess health is that it is not a good tool for

A)assessing body composition.
B)assessing body weight.
C)comparing weight to height.
D)classifying individuals as obese.

Question 7

Researchers frequently use BMI in conjunction with ____________ to examine the health risks associated with body weight.

A)caloric intake estimates
B)activity assessments
C)resting metabolic rate
D)waist circumference

Question 8

The largest component of metabolism is

A)metabolic equivalency rate.
B)resting metabolic rate.
C)base metabolic expenditure.
D)caloric expenditure rate.

Question 9

Hydrostatic weighing is used to predict percent body fat based on

A)electrical conduction through tissue.
B)body density and water displacement.
C)air displacement by the body.
D)height and total body weight.

Question 10

The concept of energy balance refers to the need to balance

A)physical activity with resting metabolism.
B)body weight with body composition.
C)calories consumed with calories burned.
D)body image and body composition.

Question 11

The amount of stored fat in a given individual is the result of all of the following EXCEPT

A)climate.
B)sex.
C)age.
D)metabolism.

Question 12

Which of the following is considered a psychosocial factor that contributes to obesity?

A)the use of food to lessen stress
B)limited access to healthy food
C)large restaurant portions
D)sedentary lifestyles

Question 13

What are the characteristics of android obesity?

A)Fat is stored in the upper body as subcutaneous fat,which increases the risk of disease.
B)Fat is stored in the lower body as subcutaneous fat,which is less tied to the risk of disease.
C)Fat is stored in the lower body as visceral fat,which is less tied to the risk of disease.
D)Fat is stored in the upper body as visceral fat,which increases the risk of disease.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about genetic factors in obesity is TRUE?

A)The genetic contribution to obesity is about 75 percent.
B)Studies of adopted children show that genetic factors do not affect weight.
C)Researchers have identified a single gene responsible for obesity.
D)Genetic factors influence body fat distribution.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about insulin resistance is TRUE?

A)It is almost always a precursor to type 2 diabetes.
B)It can be controlled only by major weight loss.
C)It is hereditary rather than influenced by lifestyle.
D)It is treated with medication rather than lifestyle changes.

Question 16

Type 2 diabetes

A)has been decreasing in recent decades.
B)is best prevented by eating a healthy diet and exercising.
C)always requires insulin injections as a method of treatment.
D)has obvious symptoms in the early stages.

Question 17

Which of the following is considered essential fat?

A)fat located around major organs,generally within the abdomen
B)fat stored in various tissues and critical for normal body functioning
C)fat incorporated in loose connective tissue known as adipose tissue
D)fat located underneath the skin,also known as subcutaneous fat

Question 18

A condition called the female athlete triad consists of all of the following,EXCEPT

A)abnormal eating patterns.
B)premature osteoporosis.
C)amenorrhea.
D)muscle dysmorphia.

Question 19

Which of the following are activities that use calories?

A)vital body functions
B)physical activity
C)food digestion
D)all of these

Question 20

All of the following are factors in the development of diabetes,EXCEPT

A)age.
B)obesity.
C)a moderate diet.
D)physical inactivity.

Question 21

Which of the following patterns of eating is recommended for weight management?

A)eating one small meal per day
B)eating every three to four hours
C)eating three large meals per day with no snacks
D)eating one large meal in the evening

Question 22

Recent research indicates that drinking more than one soda per day may be associated with

A)eating disorders.
B)female athlete triad.
C)metabolic syndrome.
D)gum disease.

Question 23

The hormone leptin is believed to

A)let the brain know the size of the body's fat stores.
B)cause the development of secondary sex characteristics.
C)cause the heart to beat faster and energy to rise.
D)increase the blood sugar level.

Question 24

Fat substitutes

A)do not contribute any nutrients or calories.
B)can be carbohydrate- or protein-based.
C)generally have the same number of calories per gram as fat.
D)are used only in dessert foods and snacks.

Question 25

The greater the amount of muscle mass,the

A)higher the body's set point.
B)higher the resting metabolic rate.
C)more fat is needed in the diet.
D)easier it is to gain weight.

Question 26

Which of the following characteristics should one look for in evaluating and selecting a diet book?

A)advocacy of special diets that promote or eliminate certain foods
B)advocacy of a balanced approach to diet plus exercise
C)claims that the book is based on scientific breakthroughs
D)recommendations to combine foods in special ways to effect weight loss

Question 27

Most weight problems are caused by

A)metabolic disorders.
B)unhealthy lifestyle.
C)emotional disorders.
D)childhood abuse.

Question 28

Which statement about exercise and weight management is TRUE?

A)Exercise improves heart health by reducing resting metabolic rate.
B)Exercise will cause a loss in lean body mass.
C)Exercise can help reduce stress eating by lifting mood.
D)Exercise assists with weight loss because it reduces appetite.

Question 29

A person's ongoing internal comments about events happening to him and around him is called

A)self-blame.
B)self-image.
C)self-esteem.
D)self-talk.

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT related to obesity?

A)being of certain racial and ethnic groups
B)living in a city
C)being taught that food is a symbol of love
D)having a low income

Question 31

Which of the following protects against weight gain and is essential for maintaining weight loss?

A)commercial nutritional supplements
B)a 1,000-calories-per-day diet plan
C)physical activity
D)8 glasses of water per day

Question 32

Exercise affects metabolic rate by doing all of the following,EXCEPT

A)increasing muscle mass.
B)increasing resting metabolic rate.
C)building strength during exercise.
D)burning calories during the exercise itself.

Question 33

Which of the following is an effective strategy for successful weight management?

A)Choose foods with a low energy density and a high nutrient density.
B)Always check food labels for serving size,calories,and nutrient content.
C)Drink fewer calories in the form of sugar-sweetened beverages.
D)All of these choices are effective.

Question 34

An example of a snack low in energy density is

A)celery sticks.
B)crackers.
C)a cookie.
D)ice cream.

Question 35

Resting metabolic rate is

A)the energy required to maintain vital body functions.
B)the sum of all the processes by which the body uses food energy.
C)the body's daily energy expenditure.
D)the energy required to digest fooD.

Question 36

Which of the following is an appropriate use of food?

A)as an antidote for boredom
B)to alleviate loneliness
C)to fuel life's activities
D)as a pickup when fatigued

Question 37

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of visceral fat?

A)It is located at waist level.
B)It contains many biologically active substances.
C)It is stored in a layer directly under the skin.
D)It is associated with increased health risks.

Question 38

Processed foods labeled "fat-free" or "reduced fat" may

A)be high in calories.
B)contain hidden fats.
C)be as natural as fresh foods.
D)contain high levels of cholesterol.

Question 39

Adverse effects of ephedra include all of the following,EXCEPT

A)panic attacks.
B)insomnia.
C)seizures.
D)lethargy.

Question 40

According to the National Weight Control Registry,which of the following behaviors is associated with regaining weight after losing it?

A)increasing the energy intake from fat
B)maintaining daily moderate physical activity
C)continuing to maintain dietary restrictions after weight loss
D)monitoring of food intake and body weight frequently

Question 41

According to federal guidelines,what should people do before trying prescription weight loss drugs?

A)get surgical treatment for obesity
B)try over-the-counter weight loss aids for at least six months
C)try lifestyle modification for at least six months
D)seek professional counseling

Question 42

A person who weighs an appropriate amount may still have too high a percentage of body fat.

Question 43

An eating disorder characterized by a refusal to eat enough food to maintain a reasonable body weight is

A)borderline disordered eating.
B)bulimia nervosa.
C)anorexia nervosa.
D)binge-eating disorder.

Question 44

The fiber in diet pills

A)serves as a substitute for whole grains,fruits,and vegetables.
B)has been clinically demonstrated to facilitate weight loss.
C)contains a chemical that suppresses appetite.
D)contributes little to the recommended daily intake of fiber.

Question 45

The crucial first step in the treatment of anorexia is to

A)change the person's body image.
B)provide vitamin supplements.
C)restore adequate body weight.
D)initiate psychological support.

Question 46

What is the over-the-counter,lower dose version of the fat-blocking prescription drug Xenical (orlistat)?

A)Olean
B)Alli
C)Garcinia Cambogia
D)Guarana

Question 47

Dissatisfaction with body image and weight is LEAST associated with

A)a loving,accepting family.
B)perfectionist beliefs.
C)unreasonable demands for self-control.
D)excessive self-criticism.

Question 48

Which one of the following is MOST closely associated with anorexia nervosa?

A)a belief that one is fat even when dangerously thin
B)uncontrollable eating of large amounts of food
C)near-normal body weight
D)self-induced vomiting

Question 49

Body weight is a more important indicator of health than is body composition.

Question 50

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of binge-eating disorder?

A)eating more rapidly than normal
B)eating when not hungry
C)eating alone
D)purging

Question 51

In America,eating disorders affect

A)mostly adults.
B)mostly minorities.
C)mostly women.
D)all groups equally.

Question 52

An eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of overeating followed by purging is

A)borderline disordered eating.
B)bulimia nervosa.
C)anorexia nervosa.
D)binge-eating disorder.

Question 53

Surgical procedures to help the extremely obese lose weight involve

A)removing localized fat deposits beneath the skin.
B)modifying the gastrointestinal tract to reduce food intake.
C)tightening sagging skin to improve body image.
D)cutting out layers of visceral fat from the abdomen.

Question 54

A condition characterized by extreme dissatisfaction with appearance,body type,and/or body composition is

A)body dysmorphic disorder.
B)female athlete triad.
C)amenorrhea.
D)borderline eating disorder.

Question 55

Which of the following does a commercial weight-loss program typically NOT provide?

A)group support
B)behavior modification advice
C)advice to consult outside dieticians
D)physical activity recommendations

Question 56

An initial step in the treatment of bulimia is

A)restoring body weight.
B)treating depression.
C)stabilizing eating patterns.
D)changing the person's body image.

Question 57

A health problem associated with bulimia is

A)dry skin.
B)muscle wasting.
C)fine body hair.
D)tooth decay.

Question 58

Overfat is a more accurate term than overweight when describing the condition of having too much body fat.

Question 59

Characteristics of bulimia include all of the following,EXCEPT

A)fear of becoming fat.
B)significant weight loss.
C)bingeing followed by purging.
D)concern about control.

Question 60

A health risk associated with anorexia nervosa is

A)low blood pressure.
B)eroded tooth enamel.
C)chronic hoarseness.
D)stomach rupture.

Question 61

In women,having an extremely low percentage of body fat is associated with a loss of bone density.

Question 62

Energy density of foods refers to the number of calories per gram of weight.

Question 63

Fat around the waist area is more closely associated with disease than is fat deposited in the buttocks area.

Question 64

Resting metabolic rate (RMR)reflects the minimal energy expenditure needed for exercise to result in weight loss.

Question 65

Genetic predisposition to weight gain has been identified as the main reason for the high rate of obesity in the United States.

Question 66

Carrots have a higher energy density than potato chips.

Question 67

A useful weight management strategy is to eat small,frequent meals.

Question 68

Body mass index is a fairly accurate measure of weight-related health risks for most average people.

Question 69

The skinfold measurement technique for determining body fat composition involves measuring fat found under the skin.

Question 70

The energy balance concept is based primarily on the amount of sleep you get.

Question 71

Eating patterns are often intricately connected to a person's family values.

Question 72

Most people with prediabetes will develop full-blown diabetes if they don't adopt preventive lifestyle measures.

Question 73

The guiding principle for the development of healthy eating habits for weight management is "everything in moderation."

Question 74

A person has control over both parts of the energy equation.

Question 75

Body mass index is a direct measure of a body's fat-free mass.

Question 76

Complications associated with diabetes include nerve damage and circulatory problems.

Question 77

Most people overestimate the number of calories they eat.

Question 78

Reduced-fat foods are almost always low-calorie foods.

Question 79

Hormones play no significant role in the accumulation of body fat.

Question 80

Men at higher income levels have about the same rates of obesity as men at lower income levels.