Deck 14: Weight Management

Question 1

What are the characteristics of the gynoid pattern of fat distribution?

A)Fat is stored in the upper body as subcutaneous fat,which increases the risk of disease.
B)Fat is stored in the lower body as subcutaneous fat,which is less tied to the risk of disease.
C)Fat is stored in the lower body as visceral fat,which is less tied to the risk of disease.
D)Fat is stored in the upper body as visceral fat,which increases the risk of disease.

Answer 1

Fat is stored in the lower body as subcutaneous fat,which is less tied to the risk of disease.

Question 2

The amount of stored fat in a given individual is the result of all of the following EXCEPT

A)climate.
B)hormones.
C)age.
D)metabolism.

Answer 2

climate.

Question 3

Type 2 diabetes

A)has been decreasing in recent decades.
B)is best prevented by eating a healthy diet and exercising.
C)always requires insulin injections as a method of treatment.
D)has obvious symptoms in the early stages.

Answer 3

is best prevented by eating a healthy diet and exercising.

Question 4

Which of the following statements about genetic factors in obesity is TRUE?

A)The genetic contribution to obesity is about 75 percent.
B)Studies of adopted children show that genetic factors do not affect weight.
C)Researchers have identified a single gene responsible for obesity.
D)Genetic factors influence body fat distribution.

Question 5

The main drawback of using BMI to assess health is that it is not a good tool for

A)assessing body composition.
B)assessing body weight.
C)comparing weight to height.
D)classifying individuals as obese.

Question 6

The largest component of metabolism is

A)metabolic equivalency rate.
B)resting metabolic rate.
C)base metabolic expenditure.
D)caloric expenditure rate.

Question 7

Researchers frequently use BMI in conjunction with _______________ to examine the health risks associated with body weight.

A)caloric intake estimates
B)activity assessments
C)resting metabolic rate
D)waist measurement

Question 8

What are the characteristics of the android pattern of fat distribution?

A)Fat is stored in the upper body as subcutaneous fat,which increases the risk of disease.
B)Fat is stored in the lower body as subcutaneous fat,which is less tied to the risk of disease.
C)Fat is stored in the lower body as visceral fat,which is less tied to the risk of disease.
D)Fat is stored in the upper body as visceral fat,which increases the risk of disease.

Question 9

Which of the following is considered a psychosocial factor that contributes to obesity?

A)the use of food to lessen stress
B)limited access to healthy food
C)large restaurant portions
D)sedentary lifestyles

Question 10

Your body mass index (BMI)is calculated by dividing

A)your weight by the circumference of your waist.
B)the calories you eat by the calories you burn.
C)your weight by the square of your height.
D)the calories you burn by the calories you eat.

Question 11

Psychological problems stemming from obesity include all of the following EXCEPT

A)depression.
B)schizophrenia.
C)body dissatisfaction.
D)low self-esteem.

Question 12

Which of the following are activities that use calories?

A)vital body functions
B)physical activity
C)food digestion
D)all of these

Question 13

Which of the following is considered essential fat?

A)fat located around major organs,generally within the abdomen
B)fat stored in various tissues and critical for normal body functioning
C)fat incorporated in loose connective tissue known as adipose tissue
D)fat located underneath the skin,also known as subcutaneous fat

Question 14

The concept of energy balance refers to the relationship between

A)physical activity and resting metabolism.
B)body weight and body composition.
C)calories consumed and calories expended.
D)body image and body composition.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about insulin resistance is TRUE?

A)It is almost always a precursor to type 2 diabetes.
B)It can be controlled only by major weight loss.
C)It is hereditary rather than influenced by lifestyle.
D)It is treated with medication rather than lifestyle changes.

Question 16

Hydrostatic weighing is used to predict percent body fat based on

A)electrical conduction through tissue.
B)body density and water displacement.
C)air displacement by the body.
D)height and total body weight.

Question 17

A condition called the female athlete triad consists of all of the following EXCEPT

A)abnormal eating patterns.
B)premature osteoporosis.
C)amenorrhea.
D)muscle dysmorphia.

Question 18

All of the following are major risk factors in the development of diabetes,EXCEPT

A)age.
B)obesity.
C)excess physical activity.
D)a family history of diabetes.

Question 19

People who tend to store body fat in the _______________ are at increased risk for chronic disease.

A)thighs
B)buttocks
C)abdomen
D)hips

Question 20

According to standards developed by the National Institutes of Health,which of the following is accurate?

A)Roughly 36 percent of American youth are obese.
B)More adult men than adult women are obese.
C)Roughly 38 percent of American women are obese.
D)Among age groups in the U.S. ,adolescents aged 12-19 have the highest rate of obesity.

Question 21

Which of the following is an appropriate use of food?

A)as an antidote for boredom
B)to alleviate loneliness
C)to fuel life's activities
D)as a pickup when fatigued

Question 22

Which of the following protects against weight gain and helps increase lean body mass?

A)commercial nutritional supplements
B)a 1,000-calories-per-day diet plan
C)physical activity
D)8 glasses of water per day

Question 23

Which of the following is a symptom of metabolic syndrome?

A)excess subcutaneous fat
B)low blood pressure
C)insulin resistance
D)low blood glucose

Question 24

All of the following behaviors can reduce a person's resting metabolic rate (RMR)EXCEPT

A)low-calorie intake.
B)weight loss.
C)waking earlier in the morning.
D)building muscle mass.

Question 25

Processed foods labeled "fat-free" or "reduced fat" may

A)be high in calories.
B)contain hidden fats.
C)be as natural as fresh foods.
D)contain high levels of cholesterol.

Question 26

The greater the amount of muscle mass,the

A)higher the body's set point.
B)higher the resting metabolic rate.
C)more fat is needed in the diet.
D)easier it is to gain weight.

Question 27

Which of the following characteristics should one look for in evaluating and selecting a diet book?

A)advocacy of special diets that promote or eliminate certain foods
B)advocacy of a balanced approach to diet plus exercise
C)claims that the book is based on scientific breakthroughs
D)recommendations to combine foods in special ways to effect weight loss

Question 28

According to the National Weight Control Registry,which of the following behaviors is associated with regaining weight after losing it?

A)increasing the energy intake from fat
B)maintaining daily moderate physical activity
C)continuing to maintain dietary restrictions after weight loss
D)monitoring of food intake and body weight frequently

Question 29

Reported side effects of prescription appetite suppressants Belviq,Qsymia,Contrave,and Saxenda include all of the following EXCEPT

A)sleeplessness.
B)euphoria.
C)increased blood pressure.
D)decreased heart rate.

Question 30

A person's ongoing internal comments about events happening to him and around him is called

A)self-blame.
B)self-image.
C)self-esteem.
D)self-talk.

Question 31

Fat substitutes

A)do not contribute any nutrients or calories.
B)can be carbohydrate- or protein-based.
C)generally have the same number of calories per gram as fat.
D)are used only in dessert foods and snacks.

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT related to obesity?

A)being of certain racial and ethnic groups
B)living in a city
C)being taught that food is a symbol of love
D)having a low income

Question 33

Resting metabolic rate is the

A)energy required to maintain vital body functions.
B)sum of all the processes by which the body uses food energy.
C)body's daily energy expenditure.
D)energy required to digest food.

Question 34

One example of a snack that is low in energy density is

A)carrots.
B)crackers.
C)a cookie.
D)ice cream.

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of visceral fat?

A)It is located at waist level.
B)It contains many biologically active substances.
C)It is stored in a layer directly under the skin.
D)It is associated with increased health risks.

Question 36

Which of the following is an effective strategy for successful weight management?

A)Choose foods with a low energy density and high nutrient density.
B)Eat whole fruit for breakfast and as any dessert.
C)Drink fewer calories in the form of sugar-sweetened beverages.
D)All of these choices are effective.

Question 37

Which of the following represents the most important factor in successful weight management?

A)metabolism
B)lifestyle choices
C)genetics
D)environment

Question 38

Which of the following patterns of eating is recommended for weight management?

A)eating one small meal per day
B)eating every three to four hours
C)eating three large meals per day with no snacks
D)eating one large meal in the evening

Question 39

Which statement about exercise and weight management is TRUE?

A)Exercise improves heart health by reducing resting metabolic rate.
B)Exercise will cause a loss in lean body mass.
C)Exercise creates a higher quality of sleep.
D)Exercise assists with weight loss because it reduces appetite.

Question 40

The hormone leptin is believed to

A)let the brain know the size of the body's fat stores.
B)cause the development of secondary sex characteristics.
C)cause the heart to beat faster and energy to rise.
D)increase blood sugar levels.

Question 41

The eating disorder characterized by a refusal to eat enough food to maintain a reasonable body weight is

A)borderline disordered eating.
B)bulimia nervosa.
C)anorexia nervosa.
D)binge-eating disorder.

Question 42

What is the over-the-counter,lower-dose version of the fat-blocking prescription drug Xenical (orlistat)?

A)Olean
B)Alli
C)Garcinia Cambogia
D)Guarana

Question 43

A condition characterized by extreme dissatisfaction with appearance,body type,and/or body composition is

A)body dysmorphic disorder.
B)female athlete triad.
C)amenorrhea.
D)borderline eating disorder.

Question 44

An initial step in the treatment of bulimia is

A)restoring body weight.
B)treating depression.
C)stabilizing eating patterns.
D)changing the person's body image.

Question 45

Dissatisfaction with body image and weight is LEAST associated with

A)a loving,accepting family.
B)perfectionist beliefs.
C)unreasonable demands for self-control.
D)excessive self-criticism.

Question 46

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of binge-eating disorder?

A)eating more rapidly than normal
B)eating when not hungry
C)eating alone
D)purging

Question 47

The fiber in OTC diet aids

A)serves as a substitute for whole grains,fruits,and vegetables.
B)has been clinically demonstrated to facilitate weight loss.
C)contains a chemical that suppresses appetite.
D)contributes little to the recommended daily intake of fiber.

Question 48

Characteristics of bulimia include all of the following EXCEPT

A)fear of becoming fat.
B)significant weight loss.
C)binge-eating followed by purging.
D)concern about control.

Question 49

One health problem associated with bulimia is

A)dry skin.
B)muscle wasting.
C)fine body hair.
D)tooth decay.

Question 50

Bariatric surgical procedures to help the extremely obese lose weight involve

A)removing localized fat deposits beneath the skin.
B)modifying the gastrointestinal tract to reduce food intake.
C)tightening sagging skin to improve body image.
D)cutting out layers of visceral fat from the abdomen.

Question 51

If a case of anorexia nervosa has neared a medical crisis,the first step in treatment is to

A)change the person's body image.
B)provide vitamin supplements.
C)restore adequate body weight.
D)initiate psychological support.

Question 52

Which of the following does a commercial weight-loss program typically NOT provide?

A)group support
B)behavior modification advice
C)advice to consult outside dieticians
D)physical activity recommendations

Question 53

The eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of overeating followed by purging is

A)borderline disordered eating.
B)bulimia nervosa.
C)anorexia nervosa.
D)binge-eating disorder.

Question 54

In America,eating disorders affect

A)mostly adults.
B)mostly minorities.
C)mostly females.
D)all groups equally.

Question 55

An initial step that Alan can take toward solving the cause of his weight gain is to

A)take the stairs,instead of the elevator,to class.
B)adopt a vegetarian diet.
C)eat two large meals instead of three each day.
D)eliminate all snacks.

Question 56

What additional strategy would help Alan manage his weight?

A)quitting his part-time job
B)increasing calories from protein
C)reducing portion sizes
D)reducing calories from complex carbohydrates

Question 57

Which one of the following is MOST closely associated with anorexia nervosa?

A)a belief that one is fat even when dangerously thin
B)uncontrollable eating of large amounts of food
C)near-normal body weight
D)self-induced vomiting

Question 58

According to federal guidelines,what should people do before trying prescription weight loss drugs?

A)get surgical treatment for obesity
B)try over-the-counter weight loss aids for at least six months
C)try lifestyle modification for at least six months
D)seek professional counseling

Question 59

One health risk associated with anorexia nervosa is

A)low blood pressure.
B)eroded tooth enamel.
C)chronic hoarseness.
D)stomach rupture.

Question 60

The most likely cause of Alan's weight gain is

A)reduced activity level.
B)poor eating habits.
C)the inevitable result of reaching adulthood.
D)stress related to leaving home.

Question 61

Eating patterns are often linked to a person's family values.

Question 62

The skinfold measurement technique for determining body fat composition involves measuring fat found under the skin.

Question 63

In women,having an extremely low percentage of body fat is associated with a loss of bone density.

Question 64

Carrots have a higher energy density than potato chips.

Question 65

The term obese refers to a more serious degree of overweight that carries higher health risks.

Question 66

A person who weighs an appropriate amount may still have too high a percentage of body fat.

Question 67

Men at higher income levels have about the same rates of obesity as men at lower income levels.

Question 68

Resting metabolic rate (RMR)reflects the minimal energy expenditure needed for exercise to result in weight loss.

Question 69

Genetic predisposition to weight gain has been identified as the main reason for the high rate of obesity in the United States.

Question 70

Body mass index is a direct measure of a body's fat-free mass.

Question 71

Complications associated with diabetes include nerve damage and circulatory problems.

Question 72

Most people overestimate the number of calories they eat.

Question 73

A person has control over aspects of both sides of the energy balance equation.

Question 74

The energy density of foods refers to the number of calories per ounce or gram of weight.

Question 75

Fat around the waist area is more closely associated with disease than is fat deposited in the buttocks area.

Question 76

The energy balance concept is based primarily on the amount of sleep you get.

Question 77

Most people with prediabetes will develop full-blown diabetes if they don't adopt preventive lifestyle measures.

Question 78

Body mass index is a fairly accurate measure of weight-related health risks for most average people.

Question 79

Body weight is a more important indicator of health than is body composition.

Question 80

Hormones play no significant role in the accumulation of body fat.