Deck 20: Death, Dying, and Grieving

Question 1

Which of the following is true of the American attitude toward death?

A)Americans consider death of the biological body as the end of existence.
B)Americans do not believe in a spiritual body that lives on after death.
C)Belief in reincarnation is a defining aspect of the American belief about death.
D)Americans are generally death avoiders and death deniers.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following is true of the American attitude toward death?

A)Americans are conditioned from early in life to live as mere mortals.
B)It is not uncommon for Americans to reach adulthood without having experienced the death of someone close.
C)To live a full life and die with glory is the prevailing goal of the Americans.
D)Americans do not use any symbols associated with death.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following statements about a living will is FALSE?

A)It is a legally binding document.
B)Only the terminally ill can write one.
C)The individual must be in a clear state of mind when writing it.
D)It must be accepted in all 50 states.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Brain death occurs when:

A)all electrical activity of the brain has ceased for a specified period of time.
B)a person remains unconscious for a specified period of time.
C)only the lower regions of the brain stop functioning.
D)the body loses the ability to breathe on its own.

Question 5

In the Tanala culture of Madagascar,death is believed to be caused by:

A)natural forces.
B)magic and demons.
C)ill will of others in the community.
D)an evil spirit.

Question 6

Which of the following were considered to be clear signs of death 30 years ago?

A)A flat EEG (electroencephalogram)reading for a specified period of time
B)The end of certain biological functions
C)The end of electrical activity in the brain
D)The lack of response to sensory stimuli

Question 7

If the cortical death definition were adopted,then physicians could claim a person is dead when his or her _____ brain is no longer functioning.

A)lower
B)middle
C)higher
D)entire

Question 8

The _____ portions of the brain often die sooner than the _____ portions.

A)lower; higher
B)lower; middle
C)higher; lower
D)middle; lower

Question 9

A(n)_____ refers to a legal document that reflects the patient's advance care planning.

A)last request
B)dying will
C)living will
D)easy death order

Question 10

Which of the following organizations created a legal document that reflects the patient's advance care planning?

A)Death Wish Commune
B)Choice in Dying
C)Euthanasia Undertaking
D)Death Drive Pact

Question 11

Laws in _____ states (in the United States)accept advance directives/living wills as reflecting an individual's wishes.

A)40
B)45
C)48
D)50

Question 12

Which of the following was considered to be a clear sign of death in the past?

A)A flat EEG (electroencephalogram)
B)Moderate brain stem function
C)Lack of higher cortical brain function
D)Rigor mortis

Question 13

Which of the following religions believes in reincarnation?

A)Orthodox Judaism
B)Methodism
C)Buddhism
D)Roman Catholicism

Question 14

A flat EEG (electroencephalogram)recording for a specified period of time is one criterion of:

A)rigor mortis.
B)euthanasia.
C)brain death.
D)paralysis.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the death scenario in the U.S.today?

A)More than 80 percent of all deaths occur in institutions or hospitals.
B)The care of a dying older person has shifted away from the family.
C)Today,death occurs most often among adolescents.
D)Nowadays,greater numbers of older adults die apart from their families.

Question 16

An advance directive,such as a living will,must be signed when:

A)at least two medical professionals are present.
B)a doctor and a lawyer are present.
C)an individual is told he or she has a life-threatening condition.
D)an individual is able to think clearly.

Question 17

Which of the following emotional reactions is most common in the Gond culture of India in response to death?

A)Peace
B)Acceptance
C)Denial
D)Anger

Question 18

In 1900,most people died:

A)in a hospital,cared for by medical staff.
B)in a nursing home.
C)at home,cared for by their family.
D)at a hospice.

Question 19

In the Gond culture of India,death is believed to be caused by:

A)natural forces.
B)an angry supreme being.
C)the ill will of others in the community.
D)magic and demons.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about the care of a dying older person in the U.S.today is true?

A)The care of a dying older person has shifted to the family members.
B)The care of a dying older person has shifted away from the family.
C)The exposure to death and its painful surroundings has increased.
D)Most of the dying people are cared for by distant relatives.

Question 21

Basilio sustained severe and irreversible brain damage due to an accidental overdose of insulin.His wife and children decided to remove the life-support system,and Basilio subsequently died.This is an example of ________ euthanasia.

A)active
B)passive
C)natural
D)culturally acceptable

Question 22

Angelique is in the terminal stages of cancer.She feels that the pain has now become unbearable,so she requests her doctor to end her life painlessly through medication.Which of the following acts is Angelique requesting her doctor to perform?

A)Aphasia
B)Asphyxia
C)Euthanasia
D)Dysthanasia

Question 23

Sometimes euthanasia is called:

A)"honor killing."
B)"mercy killing."
C)"quick death."
D)"violent death."

Question 24

A "good death" involves all of the following EXCEPT:

A)acceptance.
B)support from loved ones.
C)religious or community death rites.
D)appropriate medical care.

Question 25

Damon has been terminally ill with multiple fractures to his skull.He has been in a vegetative state for over three years.Finally,his family agrees to end his suffering by removing him from the life-support system.This is an example of ________ euthanasia.

A)passive
B)active
C)natural
D)acceptable

Question 26

Which of the following is an example of active euthanasia?

A)Injecting a lethal dose of a drug
B)Turning off a respirator
C)Removing a heart-lung machine
D)Stopping antibiotics

Question 27

Terry is in the final stages of lupus,a condition which causes her severe pain and discomfort.At Terry's insistence,her caregiver agrees to end her pain by administering a lethal dose of a drug.This is an example of _____ euthanasia.

A)passive
B)universally legal
C)natural
D)active

Question 28

What do studies say of the American attitude toward euthanasia after the Terri Schiavo incident?

A)The general public and experts entirely agree on the precise boundaries of implementing the practice of euthanasia.
B)General population favors active euthanasia.
C)There is a trend toward accepting passive euthanasia in cases of terminally ill patients.
D)The inflammatory argument of equating the practice of euthanasia with suicide has increased substantially.

Question 29

In Harrington & Smith's study of patients with advanced cancer,only _____ percent of doctors told patients how long they were likely to live.

A)12
B)8
C)57
D)37

Question 30

A recent study of end-of-life planning conducted by Clements (2009)revealed that _____ of patients 18 years of age and older had a living will.

A)over two-thirds
B)15 percent
C)just one-third
D)40 percent

Question 31

Which of the following statements is true about better care for dying individuals?

A)Many health care professionals have received little training to provide adequate end-of-life care or to understand its importance.
B)In every case,doctors usually provide ample information to the dying individuals about how long they are likely to live.
C)Scientific advances have always made dying easier by hardly delaying the inevitable.
D)Care providers are increasingly losing interest in helping individuals experience a "good death."

Question 32

Turning off a respirator or a heart-lung machine is an example of _____ euthanasia.

A)active
B)deliberate
C)passive
D)sustained

Question 33

Which of the following statements is true about the causes of death among people?

A)Compared with adolescence,death in childhood is more likely to occur because of motor vehicle accidents,suicide,and homicide.
B)Major illnesses that cause death in children are heart disease,cancer,and birth defects.
C)Younger adults are most likely to die from chronic ailments such as heart disease and cancer.
D)The number of infant deaths caused by SIDS is usually the lowest.

Question 34

Euthanasia is otherwise known as:

A)easy death.
B)death wish.
C)involuntary death.
D)painless death.

Question 35

_____ is a program committed to making the end of life as free from pain,anxiety,and depression as possible.

A)Asylum
B)Hospital stay
C)Hospice
D)Compassionate care

Question 36

In which of the following states is active euthanasia not considered a crime?

A)Nevada
B)Texas
C)Washington
D)New York

Question 37

Active euthanasia is legal in the state of:

A)California.
B)Florida.
C)New York.
D)Oregon.

Question 38

Active euthanasia is legal in several countries,including:

A)the Netherlands and Belgium.
B)Africa and India.
C)Canada and Sweden.
D)China and Japan.

Question 39

The type of care that is designed to reduce pain and suffering and help individuals die with dignity is known as ________ care.

A)curative
B)palliative
C)terminal
D)compassionate

Question 40

Which of the following statements is true about assisted suicide?

A)Canada was the first country to give legal status to assisted suicide.
B)In some states of the United States where assisted suicide is illegal,the crime is typically considered manslaughter or a felony.
C)The United States government has an official policy on assisted suicide and it decides the legality of assisted suicide in any state.
D)Assisted suicide is legal in Europe except in Switzerland,Luxemburg,and Belgium.

Question 41

At which age do infants have the highest risk of dying from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?

A)Two to four months of age
B)Five to six months of age
C)Seven to nine months of age
D)Ten to twelve months of age

Question 42

The main purpose of a hospice is to:

A)eliminate Americans' fear of death.
B)provide high-quality medical intervention in a homelike setting.
C)aid dying patients to face death with dignity.
D)reduce wasteful expenditures on aggressive medical treatments for patients with little hope of survival.

Question 43

Older adults are more likely to die from:

A)autoimmune diseases.
B)genetic disorders.
C)motor vehicle accidents.
D)chronic ailments.

Question 44

Hospice advocates underscore that it is possible to:

A)limit the administration of pain medication and prevent addiction.
B)try new treatments for many incurable diseases.
C)find the cure for any dying individual.
D)control pain for almost any dying individual.

Question 45

For hospice services to be covered by Medicare,the patient must be:

A)diagnosed with terminal cancer.
B)deemed by a physician to have six months or fewer to live.
C)deemed by a physician to have between one and two years to live.
D)suffering from a life-threatening condition.

Question 46

Hospices were developed to:

A)cure illness and prolong life at all costs.
B)make the end of life as free from pain and anxiety as possible.
C)provide a place where people with no living relatives can die.
D)lower the cost of medical care by competing with hospitals.

Question 47

In a recent review of research on children's conceptions of death,it was concluded that children probably do not view death as universal and irreversible until about _____ years of age.

A)four
B)seven
C)nine
D)six

Question 48

Which of the following statements is FALSE about young children and their perception of death?

A)They tend to confuse death with sleep.
B)They often believe that only people who want to die actually die.
C)They become very upset at the sight of a dead animal or when they are told that a person had died.
D)They believe that the dead can be brought back to life by magic or by giving them food or medical treatment.

Question 49

Seven-year-old Matthew's mother passed away recently.He has started asking his father about his mother's whereabouts.Which of the following is the BEST strategy of dealing with Matthew's questions?

A)The father should evade Matthew's questions for as long as possible.
B)The father should treat the topic of his mother's death as unmentionable.
C)The father should be honest about his mother's death.
D)The father should distract him with other pursuits.

Question 50

What is the leading cause of infant death in the United States?

A)Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
B)Accidents
C)Child abuse
D)Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Question 51

Hospices are more likely to serve people with _____ than those with other life-threatening conditions.

A)terminal cancer
B)AIDS
C)cardiovascular disease
D)genetic disorders

Question 52

Most psychologists emphasize that _____ is the best strategy in discussing death with children.

A)honesty
B)evasion
C)lying
D)distraction

Question 53

Four-year-old Rebecca's grandfather died a few weeks ago.Rebecca has been asking her mother why Grandpa has not been over to visit them.Which of the following approaches should her mother follow while answering Rebecca's questions?

A)Reassure Rebecca that Grandpa will visit Rebecca every night in Rebecca's dreams.
B)Try to divert Rebecca's attention and avoid questions related to death.
C)Explain that Grandpa has gone on a very long trip and will not be coming over anymore.
D)Explain as simply as possible that Grandpa died,and answer any questions Rebecca has about his death.

Question 54

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)occurs when an infant:

A)suffers severe neurological injuries that eventually result in death.
B)contracts a virulent salmonella infection.
C)dies from septic intravenous respiratory failure.
D)stops breathing,usually during the night,and dies without apparent cause.

Question 55

Three-month-old Marco has died unexpectedly while sleeping in his crib at night.The doctors conclude that he had stopped breathing during the night and died with no apparent cause.Which of the following is the mostly likely reason for Marco's death?

A)Anorexia
B)Down syndrome
C)Salmonella infection
D)Sudden infant death syndrome

Question 56

Kim is having difficulty coping with the death of her two-month-old son who appeared healthy but stopped breathing and died with no apparent cause.What was the most likely cause of the baby's death?

A)Asthma
B)SIDS
C)Respiratory distress syndrome
D)Pneumonia

Question 57

Most deaths that occur during adolescence are caused by suicide,homicide,and:

A)cancer.
B)motor vehicle accidents.
C)heart disease.
D)genetic disorders.

Question 58

When explaining death to younger children (around preschool age),the most important point for parents to stress is that:

A)death is final and irreversible.
B)all things eventually die.
C)death is a physical and biological process.
D)the child is loved and will not be abandoned.

Question 59

Which of the following statements about hospice care is true?

A)Hospice care emphasizes the need to limit the administration of painkillers to terminally ill patients.
B)Hospice care mainly emphasizes efforts to cure an illness.
C)Hospice care focuses on efforts to prolong life.
D)Hospice care emphasizes palliative care.

Question 60

Currently in the United States,approximately 90 percent of hospice care is provided:

A)in special units in hospitals.
B)in nursing homes.
C)in the patients' homes.
D)in free-standing hospice facilities in the community.

Question 61

According to Kalish & Reynolds,middle-aged adults actually _____ than do young adults or older adults.

A)fear death more
B)talk about death more
C)think about death more
D)accept death more readily

Question 62

Compared to young children,which of the following is likely to be a differentiating aspect of adolescents' view of death?

A)They tend to get angry at death.
B)They develop more abstract conceptions of death.
C)They need more reassurance that they will be loved even after a caregiver dies.
D)They generally do not get upset at the sight of dead.

Question 63

Irene,a terminally ill cancer patient,has finally accepted the certainty of her death.Now,she refuses to have any visitors to her hospital room and spends most of her time crying and grieving.In this scenario,Irene is most likely in which of the following stages of dying?

A)Anger
B)Acceptance
C)Bargaining
D)Depression

Question 64

Myette has just been told that she has breast cancer and that her tests show that the cancer has spread to her liver.Myette says,"I feel great.The lab obviously has my test results mixed up with someone else's." According to Kübler-Ross,Myette is in the _____ stage of dying.

A)anger
B)denial and isolation
C)bargaining
D)depression

Question 65

In the _____ stage of dying,the dying person's question is,"Why me?"

A)acceptance
B)denial
C)bargaining
D)anger

Question 66

According to Kübler-Ross,during the _____ stage of dying,the realization of loss is great and those who symbolize life,energy,and competent functioning are especially salient targets of the dying person's resentment and jealousy.

A)bargaining
B)anger
C)depression
D)acceptance

Question 67

Which of the following is Kübler-Ross' fifth stage of dying?

A)Depression
B)Acceptance
C)Bargaining
D)Anger

Question 68

According to Kübler-Ross,_____ is the stage of dying in which the person develops the hope that death can somehow be postponed or delayed.

A)bargaining
B)acceptance
C)depression
D)anger

Question 69

According to Kübler-Ross,in the _____ stage of dying,the dying person recognizes that denial can no longer be maintained.

A)anger
B)bargaining
C)acceptance
D)isolation

Question 70

Which of the following is Kübler-Ross' third stage of dying?

A)Denial and isolation
B)Acceptance
C)Bargaining
D)Anger

Question 71

Which of the following is Kübler-Ross' fourth stage of dying?

A)Depression
B)Acceptance
C)Bargaining
D)Anger

Question 72

"No,it can't be me.It's not possible," thinks Clara when she hears the news of her terminal illness.In this scenario,Clara is in which of the following Kübler-Ross' stages of dying?

A)Acceptance
B)Bargaining
C)Denial and isolation
D)Depression

Question 73

Which of the following statements is true about the attitudes toward death among older adults and younger adults?

A)Younger adults lack any anticipation and hence death is usually emotionally less painful to them.
B)Older adults are more likely to have children who need to be guided to maturity than younger adults and hence cannot accept death.
C)Older adults are less likely to have unfinished business than are younger adults and hence are more likely to cope with death better than younger adults.
D)Young adults think more about death and talk more about it than older adults.

Question 74

According to Elisabeth Kübler-Ross,which of the following is the second stage of dying?

A)Denial and isolation
B)Bargaining
C)Acceptance
D)Anger

Question 75

Kübler-Ross describes the _____ stage as the end of the dying struggle.

A)anger
B)acceptance
C)bargaining
D)depression

Question 76

Elisabeth Kübler-Ross believed that when a person is dying of a terminal illness,depression is:

A)a temporary phase that friends and family should help the person through as quickly as possible.
B)the first phase a person goes through when he or she learns that death is imminent.
C)part of the normal process of detaching the self from love objects.
D)an uncommon reaction that signals that the person needs professional counseling to cope with death.

Question 77

Josue has incurable cancer.However,he promises to lead a reformed life dedicated to God if God spares his life.In this scenario,Josue is in which of the following Kübler-Ross' stages of dying?

A)Denial
B)Hope
C)Bargaining
D)Acceptance

Question 78

Ada knows that she has liver cancer and will not live much longer.In her prayers,she asks God to let her live one more year,and promises to set everything right with her family and loved ones.In this scenario,Ada is in which of the following Kübler-Ross' stages of dying?

A)Bargaining
B)Denial
C)Anger
D)Acceptance

Question 79

In the context of Kübler-Ross' stages of dying,after accepting the certainty of death,a period of _____ or preparatory grief may appear.

A)anger
B)acceptance
C)bargaining
D)depression

Question 80

According to Elisabeth Kübler-Ross,which of the following is the first stage of dying?

A)Denial and isolation
B)Bargaining
C)Acceptance
D)Depression