Deck 7: Proteins: Lifes Building Blocks

Question 1

Which of the following statements is true?

A)All hormones are proteins.
B)Protein is the primary energy source for the human body.
C)Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen
D)Mucin is a tough protein that your body uses to form blood clots.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Proteins are your cells' primary energy source.
B)Proteins in your blood help maintain proper acid-base balance.
C)Your body uses excess dietary protein to form the antibodies that cause infections.
D)Structural proteins include fibrin and insulin.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

_____ is an essential amino acid.

A)Alanine
B)Serine
C)Threonine
D)Asparagine

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following amino acids is a dietary essential?

A)alanine
B)phenylalanine
C)aspartic acid
D)serine

Question 5

The chemical attraction between two amino acids forms a(an)

A)peptide bond.
B)fatty acid chain.
C)emulsified polypeptide.
D)partially-hydrogenated protein.

Question 6

Instructions for making proteins are coded in your

A)ATP.
B)keratin.
C)DNA.
D)collagen.

Question 7

A team of food scientists wants to develop a formula diet for newborns that is a nutritionally complete food that replaces human milk.To support normal infant development,the formula must have _____ as an ingredient.

A)tryptophan
B)glutamic acid
C)alanine
D)aspartic acid

Question 8

_____ is an essential amino acid.

A)Asparagine
B)Alanine
C)Aspartic acid
D)Methionine

Question 9

Proteins

A)are comprised of glucose molecules.
B)have nitrogen in their chemical structures.
C)provide about 7 kcal/gram.
D)are essential nutrients that have a variety of functions.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Proteins are your cells' primary energy source.
B)Proteins in your blood help maintain proper fluid balance.
C)Your body uses excess dietary protein to form the antibodies that cause infections.
D)Structural proteins include fibrin and insulin.

Question 11

Proteins

A)are comprised of glucose molecules.
B)have fatty acids in their chemical structures.
C)provide about 4 kcal/gram.
D)are essential nutrients that have a variety of functions.

Question 12

Proteins

A)are comprised of amino acids.
B)have iron in their chemical structures.
C)provide about 7 kcal/gram.
D)are essential nutrients.

Question 13

A _____ remains when the nitrogen-containing portion of an amino acid is removed.

A)fatty acid
B)carbon skeleton
C)dipeptide fragment
D)glucose molecule

Question 14

A team of food scientists wants to develop a formula diet for newborns that is a nutritionally complete food that replaces human milk.To support normal infant development,the formula must have _____ as an ingredient.

A)glutamic acid
B)aspartic acid
C)alanine
D)methionine

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Many hormones,including insulin,are proteins.
B)Proteins are the primary sources of energy for cells.
C)Your body uses proteins to hydrogenate glucose in cell membranes.
D)Portions of protein molecules bind to excess nitrogen in blood.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Proteins are your cells' primary energy source.
B)Collagen and fibrin are examples of transport proteins.
C)Your body uses excess dietary protein to form the antibodies that cause infections.
D)Structural proteins include keratin.

Question 17

Every amino acid has _____ in its chemical structure.

A)potassium
B)chloride
C)nitrogen
D)iron

Question 18

_____ is an essential amino acid.

A)Serine
B)Alanine
C)Lysine
D)Aspartic acid

Question 19

The "carbon skeleton" of an amino acid has the ____ attached to the anchor carbon atom.

A)acid group and the R-group
B)amino group and the R-group
C)amino group and an ammonia molecule
D)acid group and a sulfur atom

Question 20

A team of food scientists wants to develop a formula diet for newborns that is a nutritionally complete food that replaces human milk.To support normal infant development,the formula must have _____ as an ingredient.

A)lactose
B)lysine
C)ammonia
D)alanine.

Question 21

_____ forms when the nitrogen-containing group is removed from an amino acid.

A)Urine
B)Ammonia
C)Pepsin
D)Serine

Question 22

Luis is 23 years of age and weighs 220 pounds.Based on his body weight,his RDA for protein is ____ grams.

A)80
B)100
C)120
D)140

Question 23

Which of the following statements is true?

A)The end products of protein digestion are dipeptides and tripeptides.
B)The absorptive cells of the small intestine remove amino acids from chyme.
C)Protein digestion cannot occur with the help of pancreatic amylase.
D)A healthy person digests and absorbs about 40% of the protein in food.

Question 24

Isabella is 24 years of age and weighs 156 pounds.Based on her body weight,her RDA for protein is about _____ grams.

A)47
B)57
C)125
D)345

Question 25

A person suffering from celiac disease must avoid eating foods that contain

A)animal protein.
B)phenylalanine.
C)gluten.
D)glutamic acid.

Question 26

Which of the following substances is the end product of protein digestion?

A)amino acids
B)R-groups
C)carbon skeletons
D)ammonia molecules

Question 27

In the stomach,_____ participate in the chemical digestion of protein.

A)gastric lipase and mucus
B)hydrochloric acid and pepsin
C)ammonia and salivary amylase
D)bile and urea

Question 28

Which of the following substances participates in the digestion of proteins?

A)amylase
B)lipase
C)pepsin
D)bile

Question 29

Which of the following foods is often responsible for causing an allergic response in susceptible persons?

A)broccoli
B)grapes
C)blueberries
D)eggs

Question 30

Lucy has a disease that affects the functioning of her stomach.Based on this information,she may have difficulty digesting proteins because of a lack of

A)pepsin.
B)amylase.
C)bile.
D)lipase.

Question 31

Sarah is 24 years of age and weighs 178 pounds.Based on her body weight,her RDA for protein is about _____ grams.

A)45
B)55
C)65
D)75

Question 32

A scientist discovers a chemical that is a chain of four amino acids.Each amino acid is connected to the other by a peptide bond.Based on the information,the chemical is a

A)polypeptide.
B)monoglyceride.
C)phospholipid.
D)sterol.

Question 33

Which of the following foods are not usually associated with food allergy?

A)Carrots and celery
B)Wheat and shellfish
C)Peanuts and other nuts
D)Fish and shellfish

Question 34

Evan is 28 years of age.His height is 6' 2",and he weighs 130 kg.Based on his body weight,his RDA for protein is _____ grams.

A)47.2
B)70.0
C)87.2
D)104.0

Question 35

A scientist discovers a chemical that is a chain of a hundred amino acids.Each amino acid is connected to the other by a

A)peptide bond.
B)monoglyceride molecule.
C)phospholipid molecule.
D)double bond.

Question 36

Bethaney is 20 years of age and weighs 50 kg.Based on her body weight,her RDA for protein is _____ grams.

A)25
B)30
C)35
D)40

Question 37

Marta is 22 years of age and weighs 132 pounds.Based on her body weight,her RDA for protein is _____ grams.

A)48
B)68
C)88
D)108

Question 38

Which of the following substances participates in the digestion of proteins?

A)salivary amylase
B)gastric lipase
C)urea
D)hydrochloric acid

Question 39

Carmen is an active 7-year-old who is allergic to peanuts.While attending a classroom party,Carmen accidentally was exposed to peanuts,and she rapidly developed _____ as a result.

A)intestinal ulcers
B)irritable bowel syndrome
C)gastroesophageal reflux disorder
D)anaphylactic shock

Question 40

Ted is 10 years of age and is allergic to eggs.If he accidentally eats some egg,he quickly develops

A)ulcers.
B)colitis.
C)bruises.
D)hives.

Question 41

Which of the following foods is a legume?

A)peas
B)broccoli
C)apples
D)quinoa

Question 42

Which of the following foods is a poor source of essential amino acids?

A)fat-free milk
B)fresh peach
C)unsalted peanuts
D)sesame seeds

Question 43

Which of the following foods is a legume?

A)soybeans
B)broccoli
C)apples
D)quinoa

Question 44

Katrina is 20 years of age.She usually consumes about 1800 kcal per day.According to AMDR guidelines,what is her range of protein intake?

A)90 to 360 kcal/day
B)180 to 630 kcal/day
C)450 to 900 kcal/day
D)720 to 1080 kcal/day

Question 45

Which of the following foods is a poor source of essential amino acids?

A)cottage cheese
B)pistachio nuts
C)cooked chicken
D)green onions

Question 46

In 2009-2010,protein comprised about _____% of the typical adult American's total energy intake.

A)5
B)10
C)15
D)20

Question 47

Lily is 22 years of age.She usually consumes about 1800 kcal per day.According to AMDR guidelines,protein should comprise ____% of her total energy intake.

A)10 to 35
B)20 to 45
C)30 to 55
D)40 to 65

Question 48

Which of the following foods is naturally a good source of high-quality protein?

A)tuna fish
B)corn oil margarine
C)leaf lettuce
D)red grapes

Question 49

You would like to make chicken soup for a friend who has celiac disease.To make the soup according to the recipe,you need to cook chicken,celery,onions,barley,salt,pepper,bay leaf,and carrots in a large amount of water.Based on this information,how can you make the soup safe for your friend to eat?

A)Don't add the bay leaf
B)Use a chicken-flavored bouillon cube instead of salt
C)Replace the barley with rice
D)Add cooked egg noodles

Question 50

Which of the following foods is a legume?

A)beans
B)carrots
C)peaches
D)quinoa

Question 51

You would like to bake a special pudding for a friend who has celiac disease.The original pudding recipe is made with whole eggs,wheat flour,fat-free milk,brown sugar,vanilla,and unsalted butter.To make pudding that is safe for your friend to consume,you plan to substitute _____ for the ____ in the recipe.

A)apple juice; fat-free milk
B)honey; brown sugar
C)corn oil; unsalted butter
D)corn starch; wheat flour

Question 52

Which of the following foods is a high-protein snack that can replace a snack that contains animal proteins?

A)slice of American cheese
B)1 ounce of baby carrots
C)½ cup of watermelon chunks
D)handful of unsalted peanuts

Question 53

Which of the following foods is a poor source of essential amino acids?

A)cashew nuts
B)red cabbage
C)fat-free milk
D)sunflower seeds

Question 54

Which of the following foods is a good source of high-quality protein?

A)soy milk
B)orange juice
C)boiled cabbage
D)leaf lettuce

Question 55

You would like to bake a special birthday cake for a friend who has celiac disease.The original cake recipe is made with eggs,flour,milk,sugar,vanilla,and butter.To make a cake that is safe for your friend to consume,you plan to substitute _____ for the ____ in the recipe.

A)water; milk
B)cornmeal; flour
C)margarine; butter
D)aspartame; sugar

Question 56

Animal foods supply almost ____ of the protein in the typical American's diet.

A)one-fifth
B)one-third
C)one-half
D)two-thirds

Question 57

When Thompson was 5 years of age,he began to complain that his stomach hurt,especially after eating meals and snacks.He also experienced weight loss and chronic diarrhea.His parents noticed that he could eat dairy foods,fruits,and vegetables without developing any intestinal problems,but he would get a "tummy ache" soon after eating sandwiches,crackers,or pancakes.Based on this information,Thompson's parents should have him tested for

A)lactose intolerance.
B)celiac disease.
C)sulfite sensitivity.
D)colon cancer.

Question 58

You are planning a party for a group of friends.Which of the following foods can you serve to everyone at the party,without having to worry about your friend who has celiac disease?

A)pizza rolls
B)whole-wheat crackers
C)fruit salad
D)cherry pie

Question 59

Which of the following foods is a high-protein snack that can replace a snack that contains animal proteins?

A)8 ounce glass of soy milk
B)1 ounce of baby carrots
C)½ cup of watermelon chunks
D)a ripe banana

Question 60

Which of the following foods is naturally a good source of high-quality protein?

A)fat-free milk
B)green beans
C)fruit salad
D)whole-grain bread

Question 61

Fred is a lactovegetarian.Which of the following foods does he eat?

A)Eggs
B)Fish
C)Cheese
D)Chicken

Question 62

Which of the following menu items contains complementary protein?

A)whole-wheat crackers spread with butter and grape jelly
B)banana,apple,and grapefruit slices in a mixed fruit salad
C)kidney and green beans in vinegar
D)black beans and rice

Question 63

Plant-based diets,especially vegan diets,may not supply enough ____ to meet a child's needs.

A)fiber
B)energy
C)vitamin C
D)magnesium

Question 64

Erika is a vegan.To avoid developing a serious nutritional deficiency,she needs to include a source of _____ in her diet.

A)vitamin B-12
B)fiber
C)magnesium
D)folate

Question 65

Which of the following menu items contains complementary protein?

A)whole-wheat crackers spread with soy nut butter
B)banana,apple,and grapefruit slices in a mixed fruit salad
C)kidney and green beans in vinegar
D)cooked peas and soybeans

Question 66

Which of the following menu items contains complementary protein?

A)whole-wheat crackers spread with butter and grape jelly
B)pita bread dipped in mashed chickpeas
C)kidney beans mixed with green beans and fresh tomatoes
D)peanut butter spread on raw apple slices

Question 67

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Dietitians generally recommend that strength and endurance athletes take amino acid supplements.
B)About 70% of human muscle tissue is comprised of protein.
C)A fitness training program that includes resistance exercise is recommended to increase muscle mass safely.
D)Scientific evidence supports the use of diets that supply 80% of total kcal from high-quality protein for optimal muscle development.

Question 68

Bernice is a vegan.Which of the following foods does she eat?

A)eggs
B)cheese
C)legumes
D)fat-free milk

Question 69

Which of the following diets may not provide enough high-quality proteins to support a child's growth?

A)lactoovo vegetarian
B)ovo vegetarian
C)flexitarian
D)vegan

Question 70

When combined,which of the following groups of foods forms a complementary protein dish?

A)cranberries,apples,and marshmallows
B)kidney beans,rice,and sesame seeds
C)peaches,soybeans,and apricots
D)iceberg lettuce,carrots,and walnuts

Question 71

Samantha is a lactovegetarian.Which of the following foods does she consume?

A)eggs
B)fish
C)milk
D)chicken

Question 72

Which of the following menu items contains complementary protein?

A)bagel topped with soy nut butter
B)mashed avocado and tomato salsa dip with corn chips
C)kidney and green beans in vinegar
D)coleslaw made with shredded cabbage,carrots,and green pepper

Question 73

When combined,which of the following groups of foods forms a complementary protein dish?

A)Sesame,sunflower,and pumpkin seeds
B)Peaches,bananas,and apricots
C)Iceberg lettuce,carrots,and tomatoes
D)None of these is correct.

Question 74

Marla is a healthy 30-year-old woman.She doesn't work out,but she consumes protein supplements because she thinks they will increase her muscle mass without the need to exercise.Based on this information,the excess amino acids in her diet will be

A)added to her muscle tissue.
B)converted into carbon skeletons and ammonia.
C)excreted in her stools and urine.
D)metabolized for energy quickly.

Question 75

Which of the following foods is the best source of high-quality protein?

A)quinoa
B)rice
C)avocado
D)lettuce

Question 76

Consuming too much protein or excess amino acids can contribute to

A)dehydration.
B)coronary artery disease.
C)arthritis.
D)stroke.

Question 77

Which of the following foods is the best source of essential amino acids?

A)fresh peach
B)sunflower seeds
C)grape juice
D)oat flakes

Question 78

Plant-based diets,especially vegan diets,may not supply enough ____ to meet a child's needs.

A)fiber
B)vitamin C
C)protein
D)sodium

Question 79

Buddy is a vegan.Which of the following foods does he eat?

A)eggs
B)quinoa
C)milk
D)fish

Question 80

Bryce is an ovo vegetarian.Based on this information,Bryce will eat

A)egg salad.
B)fried chicken.
C)baked fish.
D)cheese cubes.