Deck 1: Human Relations: a Background

Question 1

Small businesses feel pressure to meet the high international standards of the foreign market, and of the huge multinational companies that dominate the economy.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

"The Philosophy of Manufacturers" written by Andrew Ure suggested that workers should have medical help, good ventilation, and even sick leave.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Without trust, mutual respect is meaningless.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Self-disclosure promotes genuineness and closeness in your relationships with other people.

Question 5

Self-awareness allows individuals to know what in their own behavior is being perceived as real by other people.

Question 6

Taylor's scientific management approach contained two major features: careful hiring and in-depth training.

Question 7

According to Max Weber, human relations problems are caused by favoritism, nepotism, and other unfair practices.

Question 8

Group dynamics is defined as the positive consideration or regard that two people have for each other.

Question 9

Part of the communication ability is based on listening levels, which include listening for feelings and emotions as well as for objective content.

Question 10

Poor human relations skills can make an otherwise able person seem like a poor performer.

Question 11

Generation Y is characterized by middle-aged adults who find themselves pressed for time and finances to support their own children along with their aging parents and parents-in-law.

Question 12

The skill or ability to work effectively through and with other people is known as human relations.

Question 13

Internal customers can be defined as a department's employees, or as employees in other departments within an organization.

Question 14

Max Weber is known as the pioneer of scientific management.

Question 15

The two sets of behaviors now considered the most important for new job applicants are communication skills and human relations abilities.

Question 16

Human relations is just common sense.

Question 17

Self-disclosure is the knowledge of how you are being perceived by others.

Question 18

In the workplace, the key to top performance and high-quality work is healthy self-esteem.

Question 19

If your self-esteem is too fragile, you will have little energy left for cultivating mutual respect.

Question 20

The ability to work with people is not an essential skill in e-commerce as there is no face-to-face interaction with the customers.

Question 21

The generation of Americans born between 1965 and 1980 is referred to as ____.

A)the Baby Boomer generation
B)Generation X
C)Generation Y
D)the Millennial Generation

Question 22

The Wagner Act made it illegal for employers to use scare tactics or other techniques to prevent employees from forming or joining unions.

Question 23

Which of the following statements is true of current challenges in human relations?

A)Today's Generation Y can tend to find that good, sustainable-wage jobs are relatively easy to come by, but advancement is very hard.
B)Additional financial pressures in dual-career families cause workplace stress and difficulties for everyone involved.
C)Having a college degree guarantees a ticket to a meaningful career but seldom a well-paying job.
D)Small businesses seldom feel pressure to meet the high international standards of the foreign market and of the huge multinational companies that dominate the economy.

Question 24

Which of the following is true about today's Generation Y?

A)They care more about production than about the needs of workers.
B)They feel that finding good, sustainable-wage jobs are hard, and advancement is very difficult.
C)They develop poor human relations with subordinates because many of the middle managers were called "hippies" in the past.
D)They see workers as lacking ambition, disliking work, and wanting security above all else.

Question 25

Frederick Taylor is universally criticized as someone who cared more about the needs of workers than about production.

Question 26

_____ can be classified as internal customers.

A)Competitors
B)Traditional customers
C)Employees of a department
D)Online customers

Question 27

The most important improvement Elton Mayo brought was that managers began to understand the complex needs of workers instead of seeing them mostly as people who need wages.

Question 28

From the Hawthorne Studies, Elton Mayo found that the relationships that had formed naturally in the workplace made up what he called the informal organization.

Question 29

Total Quality Management (TQM) emphasized that the final product is more important than the process of creating that product.

Question 30

Which of the following is a reason for the widespread anti-American sentiment in the global marketplace?

A)Americans appear to use poor human relations skills while engaging in business with other cultures.
B)Americans emphasize the process more than the product in the workplace.
C)Countries like China, India, and Japan have been unable to make a major impact on world markets or even compete with the United States.
D)Americans assume that having a college degree is no longer a ticket to a meaningful career.

Question 31

Which of the following statements is true about competition in the workplace?

A)The increasing number of people doing business on the Internet has resulted in a decline in competition among businesses.
B)Competitiveness is yet to reach rural areas where small businesses still don't feel the pressure.
C)Due to increased competition, having a college degree is no longer a ticket to a meaningful career.
D)Countries such as China, India, and other Asian nations are yet to create an impact on the world markets.

Question 32

The generation of Americans born between 1946 and 1964 is referred to as:

A)Generation X.
B)the Millennial Generation.
C)Generation Z.
D)the Baby Boomers.

Question 33

Theory X managers see workers as happy to work and able to assume responsibility.

Question 34

Eric Berne's transactional analysis was a method of understanding interpersonal communication in a workplace.

Question 35

Mary Parker Follett identified a system of bricklaying with more than double the productivity of the old system.

Question 36

The study of human relations becomes important because:

A)it emphasizes the knowledge of computer and technology.
B)it reduces diversity in the workplace.
C)it renews emphasis on working groups.
D)it stresses the importance of laying emphasis on the product rather than the process.

Question 37

One of Taylor's best-known victories was the discoveries based on the Hawthorne studies.

Question 38

During World War II, scarcity of jobs made many employers feel that they could "fire the problems and hire the solutions."

Question 39

People who belong to the sandwich generation:

A)are currently entering the job market.
B)are mostly in management positions.
C)find themselves squeezed for time and finances.
D)see workers as lacking ambition, disliking work, and wanting security above all else.

Question 40

Which of the following statements is true about human relations?

A)It is about enforcing people to do what you want them to do.
B)It is a study in understanding human behavior in order to manipulate others.
C)It includes a desire to understand others and their talents and abilities.
D)It is just common sense.

Question 41

How did Taylor's "optimum shovel" immediately increase the productivity at an eastern steel mill?

A)The shovel design allowed maximum work without the need for frequent rest periods.
B)The shovel reduced the motions involved from eighteen to five.
C)The shovel was discarded to create new machinery that automatized operations and reduced human work.
D)The use of a single shovel for shoveling coal into the large smelters and loading cinders into waste containers ensured an increase in productivity.

Question 42

Max Weber's model "bureaucracy" helped in reducing favoritism and other unfair practices by:

A)assigning specific duties and responsibilities only on the basis of talent and ability.
B)assigning multiple supervisors to whom each worker must answer.
C)advocating careful selection and in-depth training of workers to motivate them.
D)implementing rules like standard work days, relaxed and regular lunch breaks, and rest periods.

Question 43

Which of the following statements is true of group dynamics?

A)It is related to a variety of mental health issues, including alcoholism, anxiety, and depression.
B)It excludes the areas related to conflict management.
C)It gives an individual the power to enforce group members to do as instructed.
D)It serves as the cornerstone in the study of human relations.

Question 44

The study of human relations has two goals: personal development and growth, and ____.

A)manipulation of human behavior
B)achievement of an organization's objectives
C)finding quick fixes for personal problems
D)finding a cure-all for organizational problems

Question 45

Which of the following statements forms the cornerstone of Total Quality Management (TQM)?

A)Inflexible, static rules are potentially harmful to maintaining a productive workforce.
B)It places significant emphasis on the rights and needs of the individual person.
C)It assumes that all workers are happy to work, able to assume responsibility, and overall quite creative.
D)The process of whatever happens in an organization is more important than the product.

Question 46

Which of the following management experts was of the opinion that management is about human beings, and its task is to make people capable of joint performance, to make their strengths effective and their weaknesses irrelevant?

A)Stephen Covey
B)Abraham Maslow
C)Peter Drucker
D)Eric Bern

Question 47

Which of the following reforms was introduced by Robert Owen?

A)Building company towns where workers would live in company houses
B)Suggesting that workers should have medical help, hot tea on a regular basis, good ventilation, and even sick leave
C)Stopping the employment of young children in his factory and encouraging his workforce to stay sober
D)Reducing motions involved in bricklaying to five by inventing labor-saving devices and changing workers' routines

Question 48

Which of the following reforms was suggested by Andrew Ure in his book "The Philosophy of Manufacturers"?

A)The work of the people in an organization should be done in an orderly way, with only one supervisor to whom each worker must answer.
B)Workers should have medical help, hot tea on a regular basis, good ventilation, and even sick leave.
C)Identify "one best way" to perform a task to increase the productivity and profit.
D)Managers should carefully select and train workers for specific tasks.

Question 49

Which of the following models was suggested by Max Weber to deal with favoritism and nepotism?

A)Adhocracy
B)Time and Motion Study
C)Bureaucracy
D)The Hawthorne Experiment

Question 50

What is the importance of healthy self-esteem in the workplace?

A)It is at the core of most strategic issues in organizations.
B)It enables an individual to understand group dynamics.
C)It is significantly important for individuals working as islands of expertise.
D)It is the key to top performance and high-quality work.

Question 51

Which of the following books related to human relations was published by Andrew Ure in 1835?

A)Landmarks of Tomorrow
B)Men, Ideas, and Politics
C)The New Realities
D)The Philosophy of Manufacturers

Question 52

Higher self-esteem:

A)improves attitudes, job morale, and overall quality of life.
B)is the positive consideration that two people have for each other.
C)results in an individual possessing little energy for cultivating mutual respect.
D)ensures that a person's relationship with the other becomes closer.

Question 53

_____ reflects the positive side of human relations by allowing others to see what feelings and thoughts you really have.

A)Self-disclosure
B)Self-awareness
C)Self-esteem
D)Self-efficacy

Question 54

Robert Owen influenced the industrialists in early 19^th century by:

A)introducing the idea that treating workers better would actually increase productivity and profits.
B)publishing a book called "The Philosophy of Manufacturers."
C)recognizing the importance of careful hiring and in-depth training to increase workers' productivity.
D)conducting the Hawthorne experiments.

Question 55

What did Elton Mayo discover from the Hawthorne Experiment?

A)Strong bureaucracy in the organization would make up for a worker's lack of motivation and thus the productivity would remain high.
B)Workers performed better because someone was paying attention to them, which was more than what they were accustomed to receiving at work.
C)Managers treated workers well because they knew that the workers would be hard to replace due to scarcity of labor.
D)Workers' productivity increased because they used the optimum shovel that allowed them to work the whole day without taking too many breaks.

Question 56

Mutual respect:

A)is the knowledge of how you are being perceived by others.
B)can exist only when a person's self-esteem is stable.
C)is the process of letting other people know what you are really thinking and feeling.
D)allows individuals to know what in their own behavior is being perceived as real by other people.

Question 57

Theory Y managers see workers as ____.

A)lacking ambition
B)being quite creative
C)wanting security above all else
D)disliking work

Question 58

Which human relations movement pioneer suggested that workers should be involved in decisions affecting them?

A)Lillian Gilbreth
B)Robert Owen
C)Mary Parker Follett
D)Max Weber

Question 59

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of human relations?

A)Good human relations means being honest.
B)Human relations includes a desire to understand others.
C)Human relations skills must be developed throughout one's life.
D)Human relations is just common sense.

Question 60

Which of the following groups founded in 1869 denounced the bad working conditions and unfair treatment in many workplaces of the time?

A)Mechanics' Union of Trade Associations
B)American Federation of Labor
C)Congress of Industrial Organizations
D)The Knights of Labor

Question 61

_____ is the skill or ability to work effectively through and with other people.

Question 62

A(n) _____ is someone who organizes and assumes the risks of beginning a business enterprise.

Question 63

Understanding _____-the ways in which groups operate-is a cornerstone in the study of human relations.

Question 64

_____ is your feeling of confidence and worth as a person.

Question 65

McGregor's _____ stated that workers lacked ambition, disliked work, and wanted security above all else.

Question 66

_____ introduced the concepts of Theory X and Theory Y.

Question 67

According to the _____ concept introduced by W. Edwards Deming in the United States, the process which inevitably includes people and relationships, required more focus than the product.

Question 68

One of Frederick Taylor's best-known victories was the invention of the ____, a step that made scientific management very popular.

Question 69

The ____, an organization founded in 1869 which was much like the labor unions that came later, denounced the bad working conditions and unfair treatment in many workplaces of the time.

Question 70

_____ is the generation of Americans born between 1965 and 1980, following the Baby Boomers who were born during the years 1946 to 1964.

Question 71

Congress passed the _____ in 1935, giving unions and union members more rights than they had enjoyed before.

Question 72

Middle-aged adults with elderly dependent parents and dependent children who find themselves squeezed for time and finances are often referred to as the "_____" generation.

Question 73

In Weber's model, called ____, each person had specific duties and responsibilities that were to be assigned on the basis of ability and talent only.

Question 74

In her later life, _____ became known as "The First Lady of Management."

Question 75

_____ is the knowledge of how you are being perceived by others.

Question 76

The results from Elton Mayo's _____ showed that the relationships that had formed naturally in the workplace made up what he called the informal organization.

Question 77

Based on the results of the Hawthorne Experiment, Elton Mayo found that the relationships that had formed naturally in the workplace made up what he called the _____ organization.

Question 78

_____ is the process of sending ideas, thoughts, and feelings, and having them received in the way you intended.

Question 79

In the early years of the 20^th century, Frederick Taylor and others began a movement called ____.

Question 80

The noted psychologist Abraham Maslow devised a "_____," which teaches that people tend to satisfy their needs in a certain order.