Deck 13: Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

Question 1

The deliberate physical extinction of a group is known as

A)ethnocide.
B)genocide.
C)indigenocide.
D)cultural imperialism.
E)acculturation.

Answer 1

genocide.

Question 2

What does Kottak say is the greatest obstacle to slowing climate change?

A)Curbing population growth
B)Providing enough food
C)Ensuring that each culture is considered in any plan to halt climate change
D)Stopping deforestation
E)Meeting energy needs

Answer 2

Meeting energy needs

Question 3

What is a priority issue to the Malagasy, the people of Madagascar?

A)Human poverty
B)Lemur extinction
C)Deforestation
D)Getting local television programming that reflects their culture
E)Lemur interference at airports

Answer 3

Human poverty

Question 4

Which of the following does not describe indigenous identities?

A)They emerge through a specific process.
B)They are fixed.
C)They are ways of being someone or something in particular times and places.
D)They are potentially plural.
E)They can be fluid or competing.

Question 5

What is the term for our contemporary world in flux, with people on the move, in which established groups, boundaries, identities, contrasts, and standards are reaching out and breaking down?

A)Postmodernity
B)Indigenization
C)Diaspora
D)Hegemony
E)Globalization

Question 6

What group has worked within the United Nations to support indigenous rights?

A)Working Group on Indigenous Populations
B)International Union for Indigenous Rights
C)Supporters of Indigenous Peoples of Postsoviet Countries
D)Intergovernmental Panel on Indigenous Rights
E)United States Corps of Engineers

Question 7

Which of the following statements about television is true?

A)Studies show that people accept its messages at face value, without much reinterpretation.
B)It can enhance national cultural identity by diffusing the cultures of countries within their own borders.
C)American programming is much more popular than local television shows around the world.
D)It is more popular in urban than in rural areas.
E)It has little effect on culture.

Question 8

Given the mobility of people today, anthropologists increasingly are shifting their attention from local communities to

A)texts.
B)hegemonies.
C)postsocialist societies.
D)public transcripts.
E)diasporas.

Question 9

What is the area of anthropology that focuses on how cultural beliefs and practices helped human populations adapt to their environments?

A)Ethnobotanical anthropology
B)Applied anthropology
C)Conservation anthropology
D)Ecological anthropology
E)Paleoecology

Question 10

Which of the following is not true of postmodernism?

A)It originally described a style and movement in architecture.
B)It rejects rules, geometric order, and austerity.
C)It has a clear and functional design or structure.
D)It draws on a diversity of styles from different times and places.
E)It extends "value" well beyond classic, elite, and Western cultural forms.

Question 11

Which of the following is one of the proofs given by scientists that the current climate change is human driven?

A)Humans always destroy their environment.
B)The foraging way of life the humans have followed for most of their existence encourages exponential population growth.
C)The media has shown that humans are responsible for climate change.
D)The rise in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has correlated with the rise in surface temperature.
E)Sea level rising has correlated with the rise in surface temperature.

Question 12

Which is the term that many scientists prefer instead of global warming to describe changes in the environment?

A)Deforestation
B)Climate change
C)Diaspora
D)Arctic melting
E)Global temperature change

Question 13

What term refers to the blurring and breakdown of established canons (rules, standards), categories, distinctions, and boundaries?

A)Chaos
B)Entropy
C)Postmodern
D)Agoraphobia
E)Diaspora

Question 14

Westernization has most often been described as a form of what kind of cultural change?

A)Exodus
B)Postmodernism
C)Acculturation
D)Enculturation
E)Migration

Question 15

Which of the following statements about Sudan is true?

A)While nearly all Sudanese practice tribal religions, a small minority has adopted Christianity.
B)Its indigenous peoples, such as the Kayapó, have suffered greatly as a result of unregulated deforestation.
C)Its government declared the country would be Muslim, seeking to extend Islam and the Arabic language into the largely Christian south.
D)It is characterized by little ethnic or religious diversity.
E)It was the first society to develop cargo cults.

Question 16

What term refers to the rapid spread or advance of one culture at the expense of others, or its imposition on other cultures?

A)Diasporation
B)Symbolic domination
C)Cultural imperialism
D)Conquest
E)Colonialism

Question 17

What term refers to changes that result when groups come into continuous firsthand contact?

A)Acculturation
B)Hegemony
C)Enculturation
D)Diaspora
E)Colonialism

Question 18

Native Australians relate to the movie Rambo because

A)the film is set in Australia.
B)native Australians see tribal ties and kin links between Rambo and the prisoners he was rescuing.
C)native Australians have always wanted to fight in a war.
D)the movie portrays aspects of the Australian Dreamtime.
E)native Australians love American films.

Question 19

Which of the following reasons for changing behavior would be most likely to convince an indigenous people to help prevent deforestation?

A)Saving global biodiversity
B)Slowing global warming
C)It is good for the globe
D)Preventing erosion in farmland
E)Helping the government secure a place in the European Union

Question 20

In what area of public policy is autochthony most likely to play a role?

A)Urban planning
B)Mass media
C)Finance
D)Health care reform
E)Immigration policies

Question 21

What is the natural phenomenon that keeps the Earth's surface warm?

A)Atmosphere
B)Global warming
C)Ocean currents
D)Hothouse effect
E)Greenhouse effect

Question 22

Forces influencing production and consumption are no longer restricted by national boundaries.

Question 23

Acculturation can occur with or without firsthand contact between groups.

Question 24

Discuss some examples of how religion has been used around the world and throughout history as a means of domination.

Question 25

Acculturation refers to changes that occur when groups come into direct and continuous contact.

Question 26

What are the causes and effects of deforestation? How does deforestation tie into climate change? What was the traditional approach to combating deforestation and what strategies are more likely to be effective?

Question 27

What is the difference between postmodernity and postmodernism? How has postmodernity affected the focus of anthropological study?

Question 28

Modern technology plays an important role in both facilitating cultural imperialism and resisting it.

Question 29

What does it mean for people to live mulitlocally?

A)Migrants maintain ties with their native lands through phoning, e-mailing, visiting, sending money, and watching ethnic TV.
B)Individuals from warm climates move north to work during the summer, but move home in the winter.
C)The indigenous people of a colonized country maintain their own customs while assimilating to the dominant culture.
D)Families split and live in two different countries to gain the benefits of both.
E)Offspring live in multiple countries.

Question 30

Discuss why the term indigenous people has great political weight.What have indigenous movements in Latin America emphasized in their drive for self-determination?

Question 31

What are some of the arguments for and against the interpretation of mass media as forms of cultural imperialism?

Question 32

Explain the difference between acculturation and indigenization, citing examples of each.

Question 33

Why have many Arembepeiros begun to resent their own local Saint Francis festival?

A)It does not receive the regional support that Carnival draws.
B)It has become an outsider's event, drawing thousands of tourists.
C)It does not get national television time.
D)Other Brazilians look down on it as a backward festival.
E)It celebrates the Portuguese discovery of Brazil.

Question 34

What are the causes of the problems in Newtok, Alaska?

A)Global warming and deforestation
B)Extinction of local animal and plant species
C)Deforestation and intensive agriculture
D)Climate change and reconciling local culture with outside world expectations
E)Oil exploitation and local culture

Question 35

Why does the village of Newtok in Alaska need to be moved?

A)The village is mobile because the residents are mobile foragers.
B)United States corporations want to develop the land.
C)It is sinking, flooding, and eroding due to climate change.
D)It has become a tourist location and the residents are tired of strangers in their village.
E)The residents have destroyed the land through intensive agriculture techniques.

Question 36

Religious proselytizing has little effect on indigenous beliefs and practices.

Question 37

Most migrants live independently, severing all ties to their home communities and identities.

Question 38

Discuss the evidence for climate change and the specific evidence that climate change is at least partially human driven.What human factors influence climate change?

Question 39

Mass media can play an important role in constructing and maintaining national and ethnic identities.

Question 40

What strategies can help ensure that economic development and environmentalism benefit, rather than endanger, local communities?

Question 41

The residents of Newtok, Alaska, believe that it will cost much more than the U.S.Army Corps of Engineers estimate to relocate their village.

Question 42

Conservation projects have traditionally been sensitive to the ethnoecologies of indigenous people.

Question 43

The Earth's climate has always remained constant, so any changes must be human driven.

Question 44

An ethnoecology is any society's set of environmental practices and perceptions.

Question 45

Television has recently been used by local communities to preserve, revive, and intensify the scale of traditional ceremonies.

Question 46

Global warming could be slowed through more efficient use of energy.

Question 47

Globalization promotes intercultural communication, migration, and commerce.

Question 48

The indigenous rights movement has brought about full equality in all Latin American countries.

Question 49

Officials in the Soviet empire encouraged Catholicism, Judaism, and Islam, because religion is an effective means of maintaining control over the masses.

Question 50

Deforestation is more likely to occur in a food producing society than a foraging culture.