Deck 19: Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

Question 1

__________ is most likely to convince an indigenous people to help prevent deforestation.

A)Saving global biodiversity
B)Slowing global warming
C)It is good for the globe
D)Preventing erosion in farmland
E)Helping the government secure a place in the European Union

Answer 1

Preventing erosion in farmland

Question 2

The deliberate physical extinction of a group is

A)ethnocide.
B)genocide.
C)indigenocide.
D)cultural imperialism.
E)acculturation.

Answer 2

genocide.

Question 3

__________ refers to the rapid spread or advance of one culture at the expense of others, or its imposition on other cultures.

A)Diasporation
B)Symbolic domination
C)Cultural imperialism
D)Conquest
E)Colonialism

Answer 3

Cultural imperialism

Question 4

__________ focuses on how cultural beliefs and practices helped human populations adapt to their environments.

A)Ethnobotanical anthropology
B)Applied anthropology
C)Conservation anthropology
D)Ecological anthropology
E)Paleoecology

Question 5

__________ defines the contemporary world in flux, with people on the move, in which established canons, categories, distinctions, and boundaries are breaking down.

A)Postmodernity
B)Indigenization
C)Diaspora
D)Hegemony
E)Globalization

Question 6

__________ is a priority issue to the Malagasy, the people of Madagascar.

A)Human poverty
B)Lemur extinction
C)Deforestation
D)Getting local television programming that reflects their culture
E)Lemur interference at airports

Question 7

The statement, __________, does not describe indigenous identities.

A)"they emerge through a specific process"
B)"they are thriving"
C)"they are ways of being someone or something in particular times and places"
D)"they are potentially plural"
E)"they can be fluid or competing"

Question 8

Knowledge has commercial value as

A)companies seek to decrease of ecological and technical risks.
B)it acknowledges it is more than increasing temperatures.
C)the process of multinational companies increasingly influence national policies.
D)new ideas are converted into products and services that consumers want.
E)it retains the notion of being native to a place.

Question 9

__________ refers to changes that result when groups come into continuous firsthand contact.

A)Acculturation
B)Hegemony
C)Enculturation
D)Diaspora
E)Colonialism

Question 10

The greatest obstacle to slowing climate change is

A)curbing population growth.
B)providing enough food.
C)ensuring that each culture is considered in any plan to halt climate change.
D)stopping deforestation.
E)meeting energy demands.

Question 11

Many scientists prefer __________ instead of global warming to describe changes in the environment.

A)deforestation
B)climate change
C)diaspora
D)arctic melting
E)global temperature change

Question 12

Westernization often is described as a form of

A)exodus
B)postmodernism
C)acculturation
D)enculturation
E)migration

Question 13

The statement, __________, is true.

A)"studies show that people accept television's messages at face value, without much reinterpretation"
B)"television coverage can increase an area's participation in an activity"
C)"American programming is much more popular than local television shows around the world"
D)"television is more popular in urban than in rural areas"
E)"television has little effect on culture"

Question 14

The average American consumes about ___________ times more energy than the average forager or tribesperson.

A)25
B)35
C)45
D)55
E)65

Question 15

Autochthony most likely plays a role in

A)urban planning
B)mass media
C)finance
D)health care reform
E)immigration policies

Question 16

__________ refers to the blurring and breakdown of established canons (rules, standards), categories, distinctions, and boundaries.

A)Chaos
B)Entropy
C)Postmodern
D)Agoraphobia
E)Diaspora

Question 17

Postmodernism

A)originally described a style and movement in architecture.
B)rejects rules, geometric order, and austerity.
C)has a clear and functional design or structure.
D)draws on a diversity of styles from different times and places.
E)extends "value" well beyond classic, elite, and Western cultural forms.

Question 18

The __________ has worked within the United Nations to support indigenous rights.

A)Working Group on Indigenous Populations
B)International Union for Indigenous Rights
C)Supporters of Indigenous Peoples of Postsoviet Countries
D)Intergovernmental Panel on Indigenous Rights
E)United States Corps of Engineers

Question 19

Globalization as fact

A)is based on the theory of neoliberalism
B)began after the fall of the Soviet Union
C)is the spread and connectedness of production, communication, and technologies across the world.
D)includes efforts to create a global free market for goods and services.
E)refers to a society's set of environment practices and perceptions.

Question 20

Given the mobility of people today, anthropologists increasingly are shifting their attention from local communities to

A)texts.
B)hegemonies.
C)postsocialist societies.
D)public transcripts.
E)diasporas.

Question 21

Acculturation can occur with or without firsthand contact between groups.

Question 22

Many Arembepeiros began to resent their own local Saint Francis festival because

A)the festival does not receive the regional support that Carnival draws.
B)the festival has become an outsider's event, drawing thousands of tourists.
C)the festival does not get national television time.
D)other Brazilians look down on it as a backward festival.
E)the festival celebrates the Portuguese discovery of Brazil.

Question 23

Differentiate postmodernity and postmodernism.Discuss how postmodernity affected the focus of anthropological study.

Question 24

Discuss strategies that can help ensure that economic development and environmentalism benefit, rather than endanger, local communities.

Question 25

Explain the difference between acculturation and indigenization, citing examples of each.

Question 26

Identify some of the arguments for and against the interpretation of mass media as a form of cultural imperialism.

Question 27

The village of Newtok in Alaska need to be moved because

A)the village is mobile because the residents are mobile foragers.
B)United States corporations want to develop the land.
C)it is sinking, flooding, and eroding due to climate change.
D)it has become a tourist location and the residents are tired of strangers in their village.
E)the residents have destroyed the land through intensive agriculture techniques.

Question 28

Discuss why the term indigenous people has great political weight.Identify what indigenous movements in Latin America have emphasized in their drive for self-determination.

Question 29

Most migrants live independently, severing all ties to their home communities and identities.

Question 30

__________ keeps the Earth's surface warm.

A)The atmosphere
B)Global warming
C)Ocean currents
D)The hothouse effect
E)The greenhouse effect
Essay Questions

Question 31

National boundaries no long restrict forces influencing production and consumption.

Question 32

As capitalism has spread globally, the gap between rich and poor has decreased both within and between nations.

Question 33

Define globalization two ways.Identify when each type began, and give examples of both definitions.

Question 34

List the causes and effects of deforestation.Identify how deforestation ties into climate change, and discuss the traditional approach to combating deforestation.Identify strategies that are more likely to be effective.

Question 35

__________ are causing problems in Newtok, Alaska.

A)Global warming and deforestation
B)Extinction of local animal and plant species
C)Deforestation and intensive agriculture
D)Climate change and reconciling local culture with outside world expectations
E)Oil exploitation and local culture

Question 36

Discuss the evidence for climate change and the specific evidence that climate change is at least partially human-driven.List the human factors that influence climate change.

Question 37

Acculturation refers to changes that occur when groups come into direct and continuous contact.

Question 38

When __________, people are living multilocally.

A)migrants maintain ties with their native lands through phoning, e-mailing, visiting, sending money, and watching ethnic TV
B)individuals from warm climates move north to work during the summer, but move home in the winter
C)the indigenous people of a colonized country maintain their own customs while assimilating to the dominant culture
D)families split and live in two different countries to gain the benefits of both
E)offspring live in multiple countries

Question 39

Mass media can play an important role in constructing and maintaining national and ethnic identities.

Question 40

Modern technology plays an important role in both facilitating cultural imperialism and resisting it.

Question 41

More efficient use of energy could slow global warming.

Question 42

Local communities can use television to preserve, revive, and intensify the scale of traditional ceremonies.

Question 43

The globalization of risk describes the commercial value of generating new ideas and converting them into products and services that consumers want.

Question 44

Conservation projects have traditionally been sensitive to the ethnoecologies of indigenous people.

Question 45

Deforestation is more likely to occur in a food-producing society than a foraging culture.

Question 46

The residents of Newtok, Alaska, believe that it will cost much more than the U.S.Army Corps of Engineers estimate to relocate their village.

Question 47

The Earth's climate has always remained constant, so any changes must be human-driven.

Question 48

An ethnoecology is any society's set of environmental practices and perceptions.

Question 49

The indigenous rights movement has brought about full equality in all Latin American countries.

Question 50

Globalization promotes intercultural communication, migration, and commerce.