Deck 15: Exploring Biological Diversity

Question 1

Extreme thermophiles belong in what group?

A) Domain Archaea
B) Domain Bacteria
C) Domain Eukarya
D) Kingdom Fungi

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The branch of biology that deals with the identification and naming of organisms is

A) biology.
B) herpetology.
C) taxonomy.
D) physiology.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Cladograms will group birds with reptiles because these groups share

A) derived characteristics.
B) a common ancestor.
C) many similar characteristics.
D) All of these choices are correct.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The kingdoms within the domain Eukarya

A) include the animals,plants,fungi,and protists.
B) exclude the prokaryotes.
C) contain only multicellular organisms.
D) All of these are correct.
E) Just the first two are correct.

Question 5

How many different species of organisms do scientists believe exist on earth today?

A) 10,000
B) 1.5 million
C) 10 million
D) 1 billion

Question 6

The scientific names we use to identify organisms are in the form of

A) Greek.
B) polynomials.
C) nicknames.
D) binomials.

Question 7

Choose the highest,most inclusive category.

A) Order
B) Family
C) Genus
D) Phylum

Question 8

A branching tree that represents the evolutionary relationships among a number of species is,in scientific terms,called a(n)

A) family tree.
B) cladogram.
C) androgeny.
D) pedigree.

Question 9

Which of these groups does not fit well into the biological species concept?

A) Animals
B) Humans
C) Protists
D) All of these are correct.

Question 10

A group of organisms at a particular level in a system of classification is called a(n)

A) taxon.
B) ingroup.
C) outgroup.
D) category.

Question 11

The most objective way to construct a phylogeny is to focus on characters

A) that are large in size.
B) that confer adaptedness to a particular habitat.
C) inherited from a common ancestor.
D) acquired during an organism's lifetime.

Question 12

_______________ is the construction of phylogeny based on descent.

A) Logistics
B) Statistics
C) Clastistics
D) Systematics

Question 13

The person responsible for the current system of grouping organisms is

A) Aristotle.
B) Linneaus.
C) Darwin.
D) Malthus.

Question 14

To what phylum do honeybees belong?

A) Annelida
B) Chordata
C) Arthropoda
D) Sporozoa

Question 15

To what class does the eastern gray squirrel belong?

A) Chondrichthyes
B) Amphibia
C) Aves
D) Mammalia

Question 16

Cladograms ___________ true family trees.

A) are not
B) are

Question 17

The problem with the biological species concept is that it assumes that organisms regularly

A) undergo mitosis.
B) reproduce asexually.
C) outcross.
D) inbreed.

Question 18

One of the first people to suggest a general definition for a species was

A) Carolus Linnaeus.
B) John Ray.
C) Charles Darwin.
D) Joseph Priestly.

Question 19

Select the scientific name from the following names

A) robin.
B) tiger.
C) Marmota.
D) Apis mellifera.

Question 20

A multi-level system of grouping allows scientists to ___________ organisms.

A) discover
B) identify
C) classify
D) dissect

Question 21

The ___________________ concept determines if a group of organisms makes up a separate species based on whether or not it can interbreed with other such groups.

Question 22

In all the following kingdoms,fertilization and meiosis are part of the life cycle except

A) animalia.
B) fungi.
C) protista.
D) plantae.
E) archaea.

Question 23

The domain Archaea includes organisms that contain mitochondria.

Question 24

Mitochondria are present in organisms in the following kindoms except

A) plantae.
B) fungi.
C) protista.
D) archaea.
E) animalia.

Question 25

Which of the following sets of kingdoms contain organisms that are capable of photosynthesis?

A) Bacteria and Fungi
B) Archaea and Animalia
C) Fungi and Protista
D) Protista and Plantae
E) Animalia and Plantae

Question 26

The kingdom often referred to as an artificial group because many of its organisms are distantly related is

A) Bacteria.
B) Archaea.
C) Fungi.
D) Protista.
E) Animalia.

Question 27

Molds and yeasts belong to which kingdom?

A) Fungi
B) Protista
C) Animalia
D) Archaea
E) Bacteria

Question 28

Why are donkeys and horses considered different species?

A) Because they have different life spans.
B) Because they look different.
C) Because their offspring cannot produce offspring.
D) Because there are differences in their DNA.
E) Because there are differences in their RNA.

Question 29

Which of the following kingdoms can do photosynthesis?

A) Some protists
B) Some fungi
C) All animals
D) All bacteria
E) All archaea

Question 30

Mitochondria are descendents of __________ and chloroplasts are descendents of _________.

A) purple bacteria;cyanobacteria
B) methanogens;protists
C) cyanobacteria;fungi
D) orange bacteria;purple bacteria

Question 31

Why are mitochondria and chloroplasts believed to have entered early eukaryotic cells by endosymbiosis of bacteria?

A) They are the same size as bacteria.
B) They contain DNA.
C) They are not derived from the endomembrane system as other organelles are.
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 32

In classification,the taxonomic group just below family is

A) species.
B) genus.
C) order.
D) class.
E) phylum.

Question 33

A _________ is a group of organisms related by descent.

Question 34

Which of the following domains each contain only one kingdom?

A) Bacteria and Fungi
B) Archaea and Bacteria
C) Fungi and Protista
D) Protista and Animalia
E) Animalia and Plantae

Question 35

In the scientific name Homo sapiens,"Homo" indicates the _________ of the organism,while "sapiens" indicates its __________.

Question 36

Which of the following is correct about the evolutionary relationships among the three domains?

A) Archaea and bacteria are more closely related to each other than to eukaryotes.
B) Eukaryotes and bacteria are more closely related to each other than to archaea.
C) Archaea and eukaryotes are more closely related to each other than to bacteria.
D) They are equally distant from each other.

Question 37

Which of the following is not an example of a member of Archaea?

A) Cyanobacteria
B) Methanogens
C) Thermophiles
D) Halobacterium

Question 38

The highest,most inclusive level of our current classification scheme is _________________.

Question 39

Which kingdom only contains multicellular organisms?

A) Fungi
B) Plantae
C) Protista
D) Archaea

Question 40

Which organisms play key roles in the cycling of nitrogen,carbon,and sulfur?

A) Bacteria
B) Fungi
C) Plants
D) Animals
E) Archaea

Question 41

What are some advantages to using cladistics rather than traditional taxonomy?

Question 42

A cladistic analysis will group birds,crocodiles,and dinosaurs together among the reptiles because they share many ____________ characters.

Question 43

What does it mean to have a hierarchical system of classification?

Question 44

Biologists currently recognize ______ different kingdoms.

Question 45

A cladogram must contain a(n)____________ to serve as a baseline for comparisons among the other organisms being evaluated.

Question 46

The taxonomic level just below kingdom is ____________.

Question 47

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are eukaryotic organelles that appear to have arisen by a process called ____________.

Question 48

Do all organisms fit equally well under the biological species concept? Explain.

Question 49

Traditional ___________ constructs phylogenies with "weighted" characters.

Question 50

Why was the classification scheme devised by Linnaeus such an improvement over those used in his day?