Deck 8: Mitosis

Question 1

Prokaryotic cells divide by

A) mitosis.
B) cleavage.
C) cytokinesis.
D) binary fission.
E) meiosis.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

In which cell type would a cell plate form after telophase is complete?

A) Animal
B) Bacteria
C) Plant
D) Protist

Answer 2

C

Question 3

During which stage of the cell cycle do daughter cells form?

A) Metaphase
B) Prophase
C) Cytokinesis
D) S phase
E) G₁

Answer 3

C

Question 4

During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?

A) G₁
B) G₂
C) S
D) Prophase
E) Metaphase

Question 5

During which stage of mitosis do replicated chromosomes condense and the nuclear envelope disappear?

A) Interphase
B) Prophase
C) Telophase
D) Metaphase
E) Anaphase

Question 6

Most eukaryotes have between ___________ chromosomes in their body cells.

A) 1 and 15
B) 10 and 50
C) 100 and 200
D) 200 and 300
E) 350 and 500

Question 7

The diploid number of chromosomes in humans is

A) 76.
B) 24.
C) 23.
D) 46.

Question 8

During which mitotic stage is the spindle disassembled,the nuclear membrane reformed,and the chromosomes uncoiled?

A) Anaphase
B) Metaphase
C) Prophase
D) Telophase
E) Interphase

Question 9

A protein encoded by a tumor-suppressor gene normally acts to

A) mutate the cell.
B) stimulate cell division.
C) restrict cell division.
D) promote metastases.

Question 10

Replicate copies of each chromosome are called __________________ and are joined at the _______________.

A) homologues;centromere
B) sister chromatids;kinetochore
C) sister chromatids;centromere
D) homologues;kinetochore

Question 11

You look in the microscope and see sister chromatids moving to opposite sides of the cell.You conclude the cell is in

A) anaphase.
B) metaphase.
C) prophase.
D) telophase.
E) interphase.

Question 12

The proper sequence,beginning to end,for the stages of mitosis is

A) prophase-metaphase-anaphase-telophase.
B) telophase-anaphase-metaphase-prophase.
C) anaphase-prophase-metaphase-telophase.
D) prophase-anaphase-metaphase-telophase.

Question 13

The spindle is

A) the new cell membrane as it reforms across the cytoplasm during cytokinesis.
B) a point of constriction on each chromosome containing repeated DNA sequences.
C) the network of protein cables that will pull the chromatids to opposite ends of the cell.
D) the protein that DNA winds itself around.

Question 14

About how many times will a human cell divide in culture?

A) 5
B) 10
C) 50
D) 100
E) 500

Question 15

What causes cancer in cells?

A) Damage to genes controlling cell division
B) Chemical damage to cell membranes
C) UV damage to transport proteins
D) A disconnect between the two G phases
E) Skipping the S phase in the cell cycle

Question 16

The G₁,S,and G₂ phases of the cell cycle are collectively known as

A) interphase.
B) prophase.
C) mitosis.
D) meiosis.
E) metaphase.

Question 17

DNA within chromosomes is wrapped around proteins with positive charges called

A) chromatids.
B) histones.
C) centromeres.
D) kinetochores.

Question 18

Which cell cycle phase is not correctly matched to its description?

A) Cell growth - G₁
B) Spindle formation - S
C) Mitosis - M
D) Preparation of cell division - G₂

Question 19

Which is incorrect about chromosomes?

A) Possession of extra chromosomes is usually fatal.
B) Humans missing a chromosome usually do not survive embryonic development.
C) The organized visual arrangement of chromosomes is called a karyotype.
D) All plants have the same number of chromosomes.
E) You can determine the number of chromosomes in an individual by counting the centromeres.

Question 20

When the chromosomes line up on the equatorial plane,you can conclude the cell is in

A) anaphase.
B) metaphase.
C) prophase.
D) telophase.
E) interphase.

Question 21

Mutated proto-oncogenes become cancer-causing genes called __________.

Question 22

Proto-oncogenes encode proteins that

A) stimulate cell division.
B) suppress tumors.
C) restrict cell division.
D) control programmed cell death.

Question 23

Which of the following is not a stage of mitosis?

A) Interphase
B) Prophase
C) Anaphase
D) Metaphase
E) Telophase

Question 24

Pairs of chromosomes that have the same size,shape,and function are _________________________________.

Question 25

During metaphase

A) chromosomes condense.
B) chromatids separate.
C) the nuclear membrane reforms.
D) the nucleolus reappears.
E) chromosomes line up on the equatorial plane.

Question 26

Genes known as _________ encode proteins that stimulate cell division.

Question 27

Most cases of lung cancer are not related to cigarette smoke.

Question 28

In prokaryotes,DNA replication begins at a site called the

A) cleavage furrow.
B) origin of replication.
C) cell plate.
D) binary fission.

Question 29

In a condensed chromosome,DNA and histone proteins are coiled into a complex called a ____________ every 200 nucleotides.

A) nucleosome
B) kinetochore
C) centromere
D) karyotype
E) centriole

Question 30

Cytoplasm is cleaved in two during the _____________________ phase of the cell's life cycle.

Question 31

During which stage of the cell cycle does the synthesis of microtubules occur?

A) S phase
B) G₂
C) G₁
D) Telophase
E) Anaphase

Question 32

Which is not correct about the way prokaryotes divide?

A) They divide by binary fission.
B) The chromosome is a single circular molecule of DNA.
C) The replication of DNA occurs in one direction around the circle.
D) They use the same DNA bases as in eukaryotes.
E) When the cell reaches an appropriate size,the cell divides into two equal halves.

Question 33

During mitosis,chromosomes are lined up at the equator of the cell during the phase called __________________________.

Question 34

Mitosis occurs in germ line cells.

Question 35

All of the following are correct about cancer except

A) malignant tumors are invasive.
B) malignant tumors can produce metastases.
C) cancer cells can sometimes spread into the bloodstream.
D) an oncogene is a cancer cell.
E) cancers are the direct result of mutations in growth-regulating genes.

Question 36

Which of the following can cause cancer?

A) UV rays
B) Viruses
C) Chemicals
D) Environmental contaminants
E) All of the choices can cause cancer.

Question 37

The cell division cycle is regulated by proteins called growth factors.

Question 38

Which of the following does not occur during telophase

A) the nuclear membrane disappears.
B) the nucleolus reappears.
C) chromosomes uncoil.
D) the spindle is disassembled.
E) cytokinesis often begins now.

Question 39

After duplication,sister chromatids remain joined together

A) until prophase.
B) by the centromere.
C) throughout mitosis.
D) until telophase
E) by the kinetochore.

Question 40

Chromosomes are composed of a complex of DNA and protein called

A) spindle.
B) centrioles.
C) chromatin.
D) cytochrome.
E) cytokinesis.

Question 41

Sister chromatids are separated and pulled to opposite poles during ___________________ of mitosis.

Question 42

Why do eukaryotic cells have to undergo the individual steps of mitosis while prokaryotic cells can merely pull in half by binary fission?

Question 43

Mitosis results in the production of two ____________ daughter cells,cells that have two of each type of chromosome.

Question 44

The knoblike structure at the constriction of a chromosome is called the _________________.

Question 45

How are cancer cells different from normal cells?

Question 46

What features of chromosomes allow scientists to pair together the ones that are homologous in a karyotype? That is,how are the members of a homologous pair of chromosomes structurally similar to each other?

Question 47

Describe what occurs during prophase of mitosis.