Deck 1: The Science of Biology

Question 1

The most inclusive group in taxonomy is a

A) population.
B) domain.
C) kingdom.
D) species.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT an underlying theme of biology?

A) Cooperation
B) Flow of energy
C) Evolution
D) Creation

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The different populations of all the species in a given area make up a(n)

A) community.
B) association.
C) ecosystem.
D) population.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Charles Darwin used _______________ to visualize the mechanisms of natural selection.

A) artificial selection
B) biology
C) natural history
D) evolution

Question 5

All the populations of a particular kind of organism are members of the same

A) community.
B) species.
C) habitat.
D) ecosystem.

Question 6

In a control experiment,the variable of interest is not ____________.

A) maintained
B) observed
C) altered
D) predicted

Question 7

We have all heard that dietary fats are linked to higher incidences of heart disease and cancer in humans.Choose the proper hypothesis that a scientist could test to examine this observation.

A) Eating more meat causes cancer.
B) Eating a diet of lard makes you fat.
C) Dietary fat,heart disease,and cancer are all somehow interrelated.
D) Fat levels above 30% of calories in the diet are correlated with an increase in heart disease.

Question 8

The __________ of flowering plants and insects is responsible for much of the diversity of these groups.

A) natural selection
B) coevolution
C) artificial selection
D) natural history

Question 9

The process of using and transforming energy is

A) response to stimulation.
B) complexity.
C) metabolism.
D) homeostasis.

Question 10

The proper order for the scientific process is

A) predictions-experiment-observation-hypothesis.
B) experiment-observation-predictions-hypothesis.
C) hypothesis-observation-experiment-predictions.
D) observation-hypothesis-predictions-experiment.

Question 11

Supernatural and ____________ hypotheses cannot be measured and tested and so are beyond the realm of scientific analyses.

A) behavioral
B) religious
C) genetic
D) fossils

Question 12

Which group includes the simplest of organisms that do not have a nucleus?

A) Plantae
B) Eukaryotes
C) Protista
D) Fungi
E) Archaea and Bacteria

Question 13

Scientists employ __________________ at the very beginning of the scientific process.

A) observation
B) deduction
C) prediction
D) experimentation

Question 14

At the end of an experiment,a conclusion is formed based on

A) the analysis of the experiment.
B) the general observations during the experiment.
C) the needs of the group funding the experiment.
D) the feelings or beliefs of the scientist conducting the experiment.

Question 15

A biologist wants to test the effectiveness of a new food additive on causing growth in mice.An effective control group would be one that

A) ate a higher concentration of food additive.
B) was kept in different conditions across the city.
C) was fed the same ration without the food additive.
D) ate a lower concentration of the food additive.

Question 16

Choose the characteristic that is NOT a defining property of living things.

A) Movement
B) Metabolism
C) Cellular organization
D) Homeostasis

Question 17

After scientists observed that an ozone hole was developing over Antarctica,they measured levels of chemicals in the upper atmosphere.They found a surprising concentration of ozone-destroying

A) chlorofluorocarbons.
B) helium.
C) super nitric oxide.
D) mercury.

Question 18

All living things are able to maintain stable internal conditions,whether they are unicellular,or complex,multicellular organisms.This property is called

A) metabolism.
B) homeostasis.
C) heredity.
D) cellular organization.

Question 19

Supernatural and ____________ hypotheses cannot be measured and tested and so are beyond the realm of scientific analyses.

A) behavioral
B) religious
C) genetic
D) fossils

Question 20

In a multicellular organism,different tissues that function together are grouped into

A) organisms.
B) cells.
C) organs.
D) tissue systems.

Question 21

Which of the following is incorrect about scientific experiments?

A) Hypotheses can be rejected.
B) Alternative hypotheses can be proposed and tested after initial experimentation.
C) A scientific theory is mainly an educated "guess."
D) Supernatural phenomena are not scientifically testable.
E) In a control experiment,the variable is not altered.

Question 22

Which kingdom contains photosynthetic multicellular organisms that live on the land?

A) Fungi
B) Plantae
C) Animalia
D) Protista
E) Archaea

Question 23

A scientist wants to study the effect of vitamin C on colds.He recruits 100 people with colds and gives the experimental group 1000 mg of vitamin C per day.What would be an appropriate control?

A) Give the control group nothing.
B) Give the control group 2000 mg of vitamin C per day.
C) Give the control group orange juice every day.
D) Give the control group a pill similar to vitamin C but containing sugar (a placebo).
E) Give the control group 1000 mg of another brand of vitamin C per day.

Question 24

Who is credited for discovering cells?

A) Charles Darwin
B) Anton van Leeuwenhoek
C) Robert Hooke
D) Francis Crick
E) Joseph Farman

Question 25

The theory that relates to the diversity of life is the theory of ___________________.

Question 26

All organisms possess a genetic system that is based on

A) RNA.
B) protein.
C) DNA.
D) cells.
E) sugars.

Question 27

The ozone-destroying contaminants in the upper atmosphere were found to be ________________________.

Question 28

The proper order for the hierarchy of increasing complexity is

A) organelles - cells - molecules - tissues - organs.
B) cells - molecules - organs - tissues - organelles.
C) molecules - organs - cells - tissues - organelles.
D) molecules - organelles - cells - tissues - organs.
E) organs - organelles - cells - molecules - tissues.

Question 29

Which kingdom contains nonphotosynthetic multicellular organisms that digest their food internally?

A) Fungi
B) Plantae
C) Animalia
D) Protista
E) Archaea

Question 30

Evolution is the genetic change in an organism over time.

Question 31

The final step in the scientific process is the development of a ___________________.

Question 32

Which kingdom contains nonphotosynthetic multicellular organisms that digest their food externally?

A) Fungi
B) Plantae
C) Animalia
D) Protista
E) Archaea

Question 33

The information that determines what an organism will be like is stored in the _____________ molecule.

Question 34

Some living organisms possess RNA as their only genetic material.

Question 35

Cells with a similar structure and function are organized into ____________ in the body.

Question 36

The kingdom that includes mushrooms and yeast is the ________________.

Question 37

As life forms become more advanced,new properties occur.These properties are referred to as _______________.

Question 38

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

A) contains the information specifying what an organism will be like.
B) is a source of energy that can be harvested by an organism.
C) is only present in higher organisms.
D) is not passed from parent to offspring.
E) is the main structural protein of cells.

Question 39

All living things use energy,a property known as _______________.

Question 40

The test of a hypothesis is called a(n)

A) control.
B) experiment.
C) variable.
D) prediction.
E) conclusion.

Question 41

All organisms on earth encode their genes in strands of _________.

Question 42

Explain why a student of biology needs to study the hierarchy of levels of organization within and among living things.

Question 43

A discrete unit of genetic information is called a ___________.

Question 44

Explain how a depletion in ozone might lead to a rise in the incidence of skin cancer.

Question 45

A collection of related hypotheses that have been shown to be true after extensive testing can be collectively called a __________.

Question 46

Many people think the term "theory" means someone's idea about something.Explain the scientific use of the term "theory",especially as it relates to the biological concept of evolution.

Question 47

Why is it impossible for supernatural,religious,and unexplained phenomena to be explained by biology?

Question 48

The process where organisms act to maintain a relatively stable internal environment is ___________.

Question 49

Why is the study of biology central to the understanding and solving of the world's great environmental problems?

Question 50

A layer of ozone in the atmosphere shields the earth from harmful ______________.