Deck 20: Animals

Question 1

If an animal is a vertebrate,this means that the animal:

A)Has a complete digestive tract
B)Does not have a backbone
C)Has a backbone
D)Does not have a complete digestive tract
E)Does not have true tissues

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The Platyhelminthes contain which of the following organisms?

A)Flukes
B)Jellyfish
C)Sponges
D)Insects
E)Mollusks

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The embryonic germ layer of tissue in animals that develops into the muscles and reproductive system is the:

A)Pachyderm
B)Ectoderm
C)Mesoderm
D)Endoderm
E)Protoderm

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following does not have a true coelom?

A)Earthworm
B)Snail
C)Roundworm
D)Sea star
E)Insect

Question 5

The type of body symmetry in which any plane passing through the body from the mouth to the opposite end divides the body into mirror images is:

A)Longitudinal symmetry
B)Mirrored symmetry
C)Bilateral symmetry
D)Radial symmetry
E)Asymmetrical

Question 6

Sponges belong to the phylum:

A)Porifera
B)Cnidaria
C)Platyhelminthes
D)Nematoda
E)Annelida

Question 7

The embryonic germ layer of tissue in animals that develops into the skin and nervous system is the:

A)Pachyderm
B)Endoderm
C)Mesoderm
D)Protoderm
E)Ectoderm

Question 8

The embryonic germ layer of tissue in animals that develops into the digestive tract and organs derived from the digestive tract is the:

A)Pachyderm
B)Ectoderm
C)Mesoderm
D)Endoderm
E)Protoderm

Question 9

Corals and jellyfish belong to the phylum:

A)Porifera
B)Cnidaria
C)Platyhelminthes
D)Nematoda
E)Annelida

Question 10

Which of the following characteristics do all animals share?

A)They are single-celled eukaryotes
B)They are multi-cellular prokaryotes
C)They are multi-cellular eukaryotes
D)They are single-celled prokaryotes

Question 11

The type of body symmetry in which only one plane divides the body into mirror images is:

A)Radial symmetry
B)Bilateral symmetry
C)Longitudinal symmetry
D)Mirrored symmetry
E)Asymmetrical

Question 12

A fluid-filled body cavity that forms completely within the mesoderm of animals is a:

A)Coelom
B)Blastula
C)Gastrula
D)Protostome
E)Deuterostome

Question 13

Cnidarians all share the ability to do which of the following?

A)Photosynthesize
B)Secrete enzymes to digest food
C)Sting predators and prey
D)Live on land
E)Fly

Question 14

Flukes and tapeworms belong to the phylum:

A)Platyhelminthes
B)Cnidaria
C)Porifera
D)Nematoda
E)Annelida

Question 15

In animals,a sphere of embryonic cells surrounding a fluid-filled cavity is called a:

A)Gastrovascular cavity
B)Blastula
C)Coelom
D)Gastrula
E)Hydrostatic skeleton

Question 16

Which of the following is not a characteristic shared by animals?

A)They form a dikaryotic cell during development
B)They have a developmental stage called a blastula
C)They are multi-cellular eukaryotes
D)They are heterotrophs
E)They secrete and bind to a substance called the extracellular matrix

Question 17

Snails and squids belong to the phylum:

A)Cnidaria
B)Porifera
C)Platyhelminthes
D)Mollusca
E)Annelida

Question 18

An animal that uses one opening to take in food and eject waste most likely has which of the following?

A)Complete digestive tract
B)Incomplete digestive tract
C)Gastrovascular cavity
D)Complete digestive tract and a gastrovascular cavity
E)Incomplete digestive tract and a gastrovascular cavity

Question 19

Cnidarians are:

A)Land dwelling animals
B)Arboreal animals
C)Both land dwelling and arboreal animals
D)Both land dwelling and aquatic animals
E)Aquatic animals

Question 20

If an animal is an invertebrate,this means that the animal:

A)Does not have a backbone
B)Has a backbone
C)Has a complete digestive tract
D)Does not have a complete digestive tract
E)Does not have true tissues

Question 21

Leeches and earthworms belong to the phylum:

A)Porifera
B)Mollusca
C)Annelida
D)Nematoda
E)Platyhelminthes

Question 22

An animal that maintains their body temperature by using heat generated from their own metabolism is a(an):

A)Endotherm
B)Ectotherm
C)Thermophile
D)Mesophile
E)Amniote

Question 23

The function of vertebrae is to:

A)Protect the nerve chord
B)Provide attachment points for muscles
C)Protect the nerve cord and provide attachment points for muscles
D)Protect the brain
E)Protect the brain and nerve cord

Question 24

A mollusk that has arms connecting directly to the head of the animal is a:

A)Gastropod
B)Cephalopod
C)Bivalve
D)Chiton
E)Fluke

Question 25

Pinworms and hookworms belong to the phylum:

A)Nematoda
B)Annelida
C)Platyhelminthes
D)Porifera
E)Cnidaria

Question 26

A sea squirt is an example of a:

A)Fish
B)Tunicate
C)Mammal
D)Amphibian
E)Lancelet

Question 27

A circulatory system that keeps blood confined within vessels after leaving the heart is referred to as:

A)A closed circulatory system
B)A gastrovascular cavity
C)An open circulatory system
D)An incomplete circulatory system
E)A complete circulatory system

Question 28

Which of the following is not a characteristic of an annelid?

A)They have a coelom
B)They have bilateral symmetry
C)They have an incomplete digestive tract
D)They are segmented
E)They have organ systems

Question 29

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the echinoderms?

A)They exhibit cephalization
B)Radial symmetry in adults
C)Bilateral symmetry in larvae
D)They have a complete digestive tract
E)They have spiny skin

Question 30

An animal whose body temperature tends to fluctuate with the external environment is a(an):

A)Thermophile
B)Mesophile
C)Amniote
D)Endotherm
E)Ectotherm

Question 31

Spiders and scorpions belong to the phylum:

A)Cnidaria
B)Echinodermata
C)Annelida
D)Mollusca
E)Arthropoda

Question 32

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a nematode?

A)They have a complete digestive tract
B)They are unsegmented
C)They have bilateral symmetry
D)They have a coelom
E)They exhibit cephalization

Question 33

Sea cucumbers and sea urchins belong to the phylum:

A)Cnidaria
B)Arthropoda
C)Echinodermata
D)Nematoda
E)Mollusca

Question 34

The three major body regions of many arthropods are:

A)Head, thorax, and abdomen
B)Head, abdomen, and legs
C)Head, thorax, and legs
D)Head, gastrovascular cavity, and thorax
E)Head, gills, and legs

Question 35

Amphioxus is an example of a:

A)Tunicate
B)Hagfish
C)Amphibian
D)Lancelet
E)Reptile

Question 36

Which of the following are characteristics of hagfishes?

A)They have a cranium
B)They have a skeleton composed of cartilage
C)They have a cranium and skeleton composed of cartilage
D)They have vertebrae
E)They have a cranium and vertebrae

Question 37

A circulatory system in which the heart pumps blood to tissues throughout the body cavity is referred to as:

A)A closed circulatory system
B)A gastrovascular cavity
C)An incomplete circulatory system
D)A complete circulatory system
E)An open circulatory system

Question 38

Which of the following is a characteristic of the phylum Chordata?

A)They do not have true tissues
B)They have a gastrula with only two germ layers
C)They have radial symmetry
D)They have a notochord
E)They have a pseudocoelom

Question 39

A bony or cartilaginous structure that surrounds and protects the brain of chordates is a(an):

A)Cranium
B)Notochord
C)Cerebrum
D)Meninges
E)Amnion

Question 40

The most successful phylum in regards to diversity and numbers is:

A)Mollusca
B)Nematoda
C)Platyhelminthes
D)Arthropoda
E)Echinodermata

Question 41

In most species,the female frog lays her eggs directly in the water as a male clasps her back and releases sperm.The fertilized eggs hatch into legless,aquatic tadpoles.Most tadpoles feed on algae,and have gills.As they mature,tadpoles develop legs and lungs,lose the tail,and acquire carnivorous tastes.The primary function of external gills in aquatic animals is to:

A)Exchange gases with the water
B)Transport blood
C)Relay nerve impulses
D)Secrete reproductive hormones
E)Defend against invading microorganisms

Question 42

Which of the following is not a characteristic of mammals?

A)They have a two-chambered heart
B)They are endothermic
C)They have lungs
D)They have an amnion
E)They have a skeletal system composed of bone

Question 43

The first four-legged vertebrates were:

A)Amphibians
B)Reptiles
C)Tortoises
D)Lampreys
E)Lungfish

Question 44

Which of the following is a jawless fish?

A)Skates
B)Sharks
C)Tuna
D)Salmon
E)Lampreys

Question 45

Which of the following is not an example of a mammal?

A)Dolphin
B)Platypus
C)Kangaroo
D)Penguin
E)Whale

Question 46

Which adaptations in fishes enabled vertebrates to thrive on land?

A)Limbs
B)Lungs and limbs
C)Lungs
D)Fins
E)Lungs and fins

Question 47

Which of the following is not a characteristic of an amphibian?

A)They do not have an amnion
B)They have a cartilaginous skeleton
C)They are ectothermic
D)They have a three-chambered heart
E)They have vertebrae

Question 48

The only surviving member of the lobe-finned fishes is the:

A)Coelacanth
B)Lamprey
C)Eel
D)Lungfish
E)Ray

Question 49

In most species,the female frog lays her eggs directly in the water as a male clasps her back and releases sperm.The fertilized eggs hatch into legless,aquatic tadpoles.Most tadpoles feed on algae,and have gills.As they mature,tadpoles develop legs and lungs,lose the tail,and acquire carnivorous tastes.Frogs have which of the following traits?

A)Endothermic
B)Tetrapod
C)Incomplete digestive tract
D)Cartilagenous skeleton
E)Jawless

Question 50

Birds that are flightless are classified as:

A)Ratites
B)Chelicerates
C)Carinates
D)Mandibulates
E)Monotremes

Question 51

The free-swimming tunicate larva resembles a tadpole.Once it settles headfirst onto a solid surface the tail and notochord disappear,and the nerve cord shrinks to nearly nothing.The adults,which are usually sessile,retain only the pharyngeal slits.Neither adult nor larva is segmented.Tunicates go through which type of development?

A)Indirect development
B)Direct development
C)Amniotic development
D)Hermaphroditic development
E)Asexual development

Question 52

Mammals that lay eggs are:

A)Marsupials
B)Placentals
C)Bats
D)Birds
E)Monotremes

Question 53

Which of the following are characteristics of reptiles?

A)They have lungs
B)They are ectotherms
C)They have a skeleton composed of cartilage
D)They are ectotherms with lungs
E)They have a skeleton composed of cartilage and have lungs

Question 54

In most species,the female frog lays her eggs directly in the water as a male clasps her back and releases sperm.The fertilized eggs hatch into legless,aquatic tadpoles.Most tadpoles feed on algae,and have gills.As they mature,tadpoles develop legs and lungs,lose the tail,and acquire carnivorous tastes.Frogs are in which group?

A)Reptile
B)Mammal
C)Fish
D)Amphibian
E)Lancelet

Question 55

Which of the following is an amphibian?

A)Turtle
B)Lizard
C)Toad
D)Octopus
E)Coelacanth

Question 56

Even semi-aquatic reptiles like crocodiles and alligators can spend much of their life on dry land.Which of the following is an example of an adaptation that would allow reptiles to live and reproduce on dry land?

A)External fertilization and amniotic eggs
B)Internal fertilization
C)Amniotic eggs
D)Internal fertilization and amniotic eggs
E)External fertilization

Question 57

Birds that have a breastbone designed for flight are classified as:

A)Chelicerates
B)Carinates
C)Ratites
D)Mandibulates
E)Monotremes

Question 58

The free-swimming tunicate larva resembles a tadpole.Once it settles headfirst onto a solid surface the tail and notochord disappear,and the nerve cord shrinks to nearly nothing.The adults,which are usually sessile,retain only the pharyngeal slits.Neither adult nor larva is segmented.A tunicate is in which of the following phyla?

A)Mollusca
B)Annelida
C)Nematoda
D)Chordata
E)Echinodermata

Question 59

The free-swimming tunicate larva resembles a tadpole.Once it settles headfirst onto a solid surface the tail and notochord disappear,and the nerve cord shrinks to nearly nothing.The adults,which are usually sessile,retain only the pharyngeal slits.Neither adult nor larva is segmented.Tunicates have which of the following traits?

A)Radial symmetry
B)Asymmetry
C)Cephalization
D)Endothermic
E)Incomplete digestive tract

Question 60

Which of the following is a cartilaginous fish?

A)Sharks
B)Tuna
C)Salmon
D)Lungfish
E)Catfish

Question 61

The forelimbs of Tiktaalik have bones,but are fringed with fins instead of toes (Fig.20.57).Which of the following is the best explanation for this observation?

A)This is a transitional fossil, and the species has not yet lost its arm bones
B)This is a common ancestor to all of the modern fish species that have bones in their forelimbs
C)This is a common ancestor to all of the modern amphibian species that have fins on their forelimb
D)This is a transitional fossil, and the species has not yet lost its fins
E)This species was an evolutionary dead end, which is why no modern species have both bones and fins on their forelimbs

Question 62

Flatworms are very thin and can exchange materials across their surface.Flatworms lack which of the following anatomical systems?

A)Respiratory
B)Nervous
C)Digestive
D)Movement
E)Excretion

Question 63

When Tiktaalik was under water it would take up oxygen dissolved in the water by ___________ into cells in its gills.

A)Simple diffusion
B)Facilitated diffusion
C)Active transport
D)Osmosis
E)Facilitated transport

Question 64

Which of the following is a trait shared by mammals and reptiles that are not shared by the other groups of chordates?

A)Hair
B)Mammary glands
C)An amnion
D)Legs
E)Lungs

Question 65

The octopus and squid are cephalopods and are members of which group?

A)Echinoderms
B)Arthropods
C)Amphibians
D)Cnidarians
E)Molluscs

Question 66

Bats,birds,and dragonflies can all fly.Which of the following groups of animals have some members capable of flight?

A)Reptiles, amphibians, and arthropods
B)Reptiles and mammals
C)Mammals and arthropods
D)Amphibians and arthropods
E)Reptiles, arthropods, and mammals

Question 67

Cnidarian's bodies can take either of two forms.A polyp consists of a sessile stalk with tentacles on one end,whereas a medusa is a free-swimming,bell-shaped,"tentacles-down" body form with a single opening forming the mouth.Which of the following is true of a Cnidarian?

A)It has cephalization
B)It goes through direct development
C)It has an incomplete digestive tract and cephalization
D)It has an incomplete digestive tract
E)It goes through indirect development and has cephalization

Question 68

Najash is an extinct snake that had hindlimbs and a pelvis.Which of the following is the best explanation for this observation?

A)This is a transitional fossil, and the species has not yet lost its hindlimb bones
B)This is a transitional fossil, and the species has not yet gained its forelimb bones
C)This is common ancestor to all of the modern species of lizards that do not have hindlimbs
D)This is common ancestor to all of the modern snake species that have hindlimbs
E)This species was an evolutionary dead end, which is why no modern snake species have functional hindlimbs

Question 69

Earthworms have multiple hearts that pump blood throughout the body in vessels.They also ingest soil,digest the organic matter,and eliminate the indigestible particles as castings.Earthworms have which of the following?

A)An incomplete digestive tract and closed circulatory system
B)A complete digestive tract and open circulatory system
C)A complete digestive tract and closed circulatory system
D)An incomplete digestive tract and open circulatory system

Question 70

figure 20.58
If snakes did evolve from burrowing lizards,which of the following is the most likely explanation for the selective advantage of snakes losing their hindlimbs?

A)They could pursue small prey down holes better without hind limbs
B)They would be able to move faster without hindlimbs
C)They could grasp prey better without hindlimbs
D)They could swim better without hindlimbs
E)They could dig tunnels faster without hindlimbs

Question 71

In the fossil record there is evidence that feathers were produced by which of the following?

A)Birds
B)Dinosaurs
C)Birds and some dinosaurs
D)Birds and some mammals
E)Mammals

Question 72

figure 20.58
In the phylogenetic tree shown in figure 20.58,what can you conclude about the origin of marine (sea)snakes?

A)The marine snakes were the ancestor to all modern snakes
B)The marine snakes evolved independently from terrestrial snakes
C)The marine snakes arose later in snake evolution
D)Marine snakes probably had functional hindlimbs more recently than did terrestrial snakes
E)Marine snakes are more closely related to amphibians than to other reptiles

Question 73

The most obvious characteristic of annelids is the repeated segments that make up their bodies.They also have a complete digestive system,and a coelom.Which of the following is true of an annelid?

A)Their gut is separated from their body wall and they have cephalization
B)Their gut is separated from their body wall
C)They have cephalization
D)They have an open circulatory system
E)They have an open circulatory system and cephalization

Question 74

Which of the following were the first vertebrates to truly thrive on land?

A)Amphibians
B)Birds
C)Mammals
D)Reptiles
E)Fish

Question 75

Caenorhabditis elegans is a nematode that scientists have shown grows from a single cell into 1000 cells,of which the same 80 cells die during development through apoptosis.Studying this process in Caenorhabditis elegans has helped scientists identify the genes that regulate similar processes in humans.Which of the following statements is supported by this observation?

A)Caenorhabditis elegans infections in humans trigger apoptosis
B)Caenorhabditis elegans has the same organs that are present in humans
C)Caenorhabditis elegans give live birth like humans
D)Caenorhabditis elegans and humans have a common ancestor
E)Caenorhabditis elegans have all of the same genes as humans

Question 76

Which of the following were the first vertebrates to appear on land?

A)Amphibians
B)Reptiles
C)Birds
D)Mammals
E)Fish

Question 77

What advantage might Tiktaalik have by moving from water to land?

A)It could avoid predation by other species
B)It could avoid competition with other species
C)It could avoid predation and competition with other species
D)It could move to a dry habitat that was easier to live in
E)It could move to a dry habitat that was easier to live in, and avoid predation by other species

Question 78

Tiktaalik either crawled or paddled in shallow tropical streams about 380 mya,during the late Devonian period.These shallow waters often became anaerobic.What selective advantage would Tiktaalik have under these conditions?

A)It could lift its head out of the water and breathe air through its gills
B)It could crawl out of the water and walk over to new shallow streams
C)It could swim better than fish
D)It could crawl on shore and feed on birds and reptiles that were on land
E)It could lift its head out of the water and breathe air through its lungs

Question 79

The observation that Tiktaalik had both gills and lungs suggests which of the following?

A)It could absorb oxygen from the air
B)It could absorb oxygen from both the air and water
C)It could absorb oxygen from the water
D)It could absorb food from the water
E)It could both food and oxygen from the water

Question 80

Fossil and DNA evidence indicate that birds are members of a clade in which group?

A)Mammals
B)Reptiles
C)Amphibians
D)Fishes
E)They are in their own group