Deck 17: Protists

Question 1

Euglena have chloroplasts and can perform phagocytosis.Euglena would be considered which of the following?

A)Autotrophs
B)Heterotrophs
C)Autotrophs and heterotrophs
D)Detritovores
E)Heterotrophs and detritovores

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Chloroplasts in algae are thought to have arisen from which source?

A)Cyanobacteria
B)Aerobic bacteria
C)Anaerobic bacteria
D)Photosynthetic viruses
E)Aerobic fungi

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Cytoplasmic extensions by which some protozoa move are:

A)Cilia
B)Flagella
C)Pseudopodia
D)Axial filaments
E)Pili

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The largest algae are:

A)Kelp
B)Diatoms
C)Red algae
D)Golden algae
E)Green algae

Question 5

The microscopic food that supports the ocean's vast food webs is:

A)Coral
B)Plankton
C)Jellyfish
D)Organic compounds released by thermal vents in the ocean floor
E)Bacteria only

Question 6

In malaria,Plasmodium falciparum grow inside of human cells.As such they are which of the following?

A)Autotrophs
B)Heterotrophs
C)Phototrophs
D)Heterotrophs and autotrophs
E)Autotrophs and phototrophs

Question 7

Mitochondria in algae are thought to have arisen from which source?

A)Cyanobacteria
B)Anaerobic bacteria
C)Photosynthetic viruses
D)Aerobic bacteria
E)Algae don't have mitochondria

Question 8

A substance produced by brown algae that is used as an emulsifying and thickening agent in many foods and other products is:

A)Agar
B)Red ooze
C)Gelatin
D)Carageenan
E)Algin

Question 9

The engulfment of food particles by a cell is:

A)Chemotaxis
B)Organotaxis
C)Pseudopodia
D)Cytokinesis
E)Phagocytosis

Question 10

Some protozoa move by false feet called:

A)Flagella
B)Pseudopodia
C)Cilia
D)Antennae
E)Spikes

Question 11

DNA sequence evidence suggests that plants,fungi,and animals arose from different lineages of unicellular protists.This suggests which of the following?

A)Protists evolved before the other three kingdoms
B)Early ancestors to plants, fungi, and animals could interbreed
C)Multicellular organisms only arose once in evolutionary history
D)All unicellular organisms are now extinct
E)The animals, plant, and fungal kingdoms contain some single celled organisms

Question 12

A pregnant woman was told by her doctor that while she is pregnant she might want to let someone else care for her cats so she would not contract toxoplasmosis through which mechanism?

A)Cats may have fleas that transmit toxoplasmosis
B)Scratches from infected claws
C)Exposure to infected cat feces
D)Infection from saliva
E)Infection from mice the cat may bring into the house

Question 13

Sponges:

A)Are the simplest animals
B)Are plants
C)Are the most complex protists
D)Are prokaryotic bacteria
E)Are not alive

Question 14

Which protists produce most of the Earth's oxygen?

A)Amoeba
B)Slime mold
C)Algae
D)Protozoa
E)Radiolarians

Question 15

A jellylike substance produced by red marine algae and used as a culture medium for microorganisms is:

A)Red ooze
B)Carageenan
C)Gelatin
D)Agar
E)Algin

Question 16

Protists:

A)Are prokaryotes
B)Do not have a nucleus
C)Do not have membrane-bounded organelles
D)Are eukaryotes
E)Have a cell wall

Question 17

A protective layer made of rigid or elastic protein strips surrounding the cell membrane of euglenoids is a:

A)Flagellum
B)Cell wall
C)Pellicle
D)Pseudopodium
E)Gullet

Question 18

In malaria,Plasmodium falciparum grow inside of which human cells?

A)Liver and red blood cells
B)Liver cells
C)Red blood cells
D)Intestinal cells
E)Liver and intestinal cells

Question 19

Silica walls are characteristic of:

A)Diatoms
B)Euglenoids
C)Red algae
D)Brown algae
E)Slime molds

Question 20

The Irish potato famine in the mid 1840s was caused by which heterotrophic protist decomposer that secreted digestive enzymes onto potatoes?

A)A water mold
B)A red algae
C)A nematode worm
D)A protozoan
E)A fungus

Question 21

Where in a diatom would you find their yellowish photosynthetic pigment?

A)In the plasma membrane
B)In the cytoplasm
C)In the cell wall
D)In the nucleus
E)In chloroplasts

Question 22

Trichonympha is a unicellular flagellated protist that lives within termites and allows the termite to be able to "digest" wood.Trichonympha is which of the following?

A)An apicomplexan
B)An algae
C)A slime mold
D)A diatom
E)A protozoa

Question 23

The white cliffs of Dover are composed mostly of foraminiferans shells.These organisms move by pseudopodia and feed by phagocytosis.Foraminiferans are an example of which of the following?

A)A protozoa
B)An apicomplexan
C)An algae
D)A slime mold
E)A diatom

Question 24

Entamoeba histolytica can cause amoebic dysentery.It moves using pseudopodia,can only feed by phagocytosis and is unicellular.Entamoeba histolytica is which of the following?

A)A protozoa
B)An algae
C)A slime mold
D)A diatom
E)An apicomplexan

Question 25

How might global climate change affect the distribution of malaria?

A)By expanding the range of Plasmodium falciparum
B)By allowing more people to live in areas where malaria already occurs
C)By increasing the number of Plasmodium falciparum in each mosquito
D)By expanding the range of the mosquito
E)By increasing how fast Plasmodium falciparum grows inside human red blood cells

Question 26

Diatoms are a type of algae,but with a hard silica shell.Which of the following structures would you expect to find directly underneath the silica shell?

A)A cell wall
B)A plasma membrane
C)A nucleus
D)A chloroplast
E)A mitochondria

Question 27

Chlamydomonas is multicellular,produces motile haploid sperm,and is photosynthetic.Chlamydomonas is which of the following?

A)A slime mold
B)An apicomplexan
C)A diatom
D)A protozoa
E)A green algae

Question 28

Malaria is caused by Plasmodium falciparum,a non-motile protist that contains a cluster of microtubules at one end of the cell.Once injected into the blood stream,these microtubules are used to attach to red blood cells.Malaria is transmitted by:

A)The bite of a tsetse fly
B)The bite of a mosquito
C)The bite of a sand fly
D)The bite of a kissing bug
E)Ingesting food

Question 29

Trichonympha is a unicellular flagellated protist that lives within termites and allows the termite to be able to "digest" wood.Trichonympha is which of the following?

A)An autotroph
B)A heterotroph and autotroph
C)A detritovore
D)A heterotroph
E)A heterotroph and detritovore

Question 30

One reason that malaria continues to be the world's most significant infectious disease is because Plasmodium falciparum continues to develop resistance to the drugs that have been used to treat malaria.This is due to which of the following?

A)Some Plasmodium falciparum have pre-existing mutations that make them resistant to antimalarial drugs
B)Some mosquitoes have pre-existing mutations that make them resistant to antimalarial drugs
C)Some people have pre-existing mutations that make them resistant to antimalarial drugs
D)The antimalarial drugs cause mutations to occur in Plasmodium falciparum
E)The antimalarial drugs cause mutations to occur in the mosquito

Question 31

Malaria is caused by Plasmodium falciparum,a non-motile protist that contains a cluster of microtubules at one end of the cell.Once injected into the blood stream,these microtubules are used to attach to red blood cells.In areas of the world where malaria is endemic people have a relatively high incidence of the allele for:

A)Sickle cell
B)Blue eyes
C)Cystic fibrosis
D)Mental retardation
E)Hemophilia

Question 32

The white cliffs of Dover are composed mostly of foraminiferans shells.These organisms move by pseudopodia and feed by phagocytosis.Foraminiferan shells are made of which of the following?

A)Cellulose
B)Calcium carbonate
C)Chitin
D)Peptidoglycan
E)Silica

Question 33

Cryptosporidium is an apicomplexian that can contaminate water supplies.Which of the following would you predict to be the case of a Cryptosporidium outbreak?

A)It can only be transmitted by insect bites because it is nonmotile
B)It can grow in any water supply because it is photosynthetic
C)It will be difficult to treat with chlorine because it forms spores
D)It spreads rapidly because it has flagella
E)It will enter a person's body through their respiratory tract

Question 34

African sleeping sickness is caused by Trypanosoma brucei,a unicellular flagellated protist infects red blood cells after being injected into the blood stream.African sleeping sickness is transmitted by:

A)Ingesting food
B)Contaminated water
C)Sexual intercourse
D)The bite of an insect
E)Exhaled aerosols

Question 35

Dictyostelium discoideum is an unusual organism,one that straddles the boundary between the unicellular and the multicellular.Its feeding phase consists of individual amoeba-like cells that move independently,feeding on bacteria by phagocytosis.When the food runs out,cells begin to aggregate into a multicelled structure that migrates toward light.The cells differentiate into a base,stalk,and spores; only the spores survive to colonize a new habitat.What is the advantage of forming spores?

A)The spores will eat the other cells
B)The spores are photosynthetic
C)Spores are smaller and can be transported to new habitats
D)Spores can mate with other species
E)Spores have flagella and can swim to new habitats

Question 36

Euglena and dinoflagellates have chloroplasts and flagella.This means they are which of the following?

A)Photosynthetic
B)Mobile
C)Multicellular
D)Photosynthetic and mobile
E)Multicellular and mobile

Question 37

Dictyostelium discoideum is an unusual organism,one that straddles the boundary between the unicellular and the multicellular.Its feeding phase consists of individual amoeba-like cells that move independently,feeding on bacteria by phagocytosis.When the food runs out,cells begin to aggregate into a multicelled structure that migrates toward light.The cells differentiate into a base,stalk,and spores; only the spores survive to colonize a new habitat.Dictyostelium discoideum is which of the following?

A)An autotroph
B)A heterotroph and autotroph
C)A heterotroph
D)A detritovore
E)A heterotroph and detritovore

Question 38

Malaria is caused by Plasmodium falciparum,a non-motile protist that contains a cluster of microtubules at one end of the cell.Once injected into the blood stream,these microtubules are used to attach to red blood cells.Plasmodium falciparum is which of the following?

A)A protozoa
B)An algae
C)A slime mold
D)A diatom
E)An apicomplexan

Question 39

African sleeping sickness is caused by Trypanosoma brucei,a unicellular flagellated protist infects red blood cells after being injected into the blood stream.Trypanosoma brucei is which of the following?

A)An algae
B)A protozoa
C)A slime mold
D)A diatom
E)An apicomplexan

Question 40

Dictyostelium discoideum is an unusual organism,one that straddles the boundary between the unicellular and the multicellular.Its feeding phase consists of individual amoeba-like cells that move independently,feeding on bacteria by phagocytosis.When the food runs out,cells begin to aggregate into a multicelled structure that migrates toward light.The cells differentiate into a base,stalk,and spores; only the spores survive to colonize a new habitat.Dictyostelium discoideum is which of the following?

A)A protozoa
B)An apicomplexan
C)An algae
D)A diatom
E)A slime mold

Question 41

Water molds are unlike fungi in that water molds have diploid filaments and cell walls containing cellulose; whereas fungi have haploid filaments and cell walls containing chitin.

Question 42

Slime molds may exist as either single amoeboid cells or large masses of cells that behave as one multicellular organism.

Question 43

Based on the theory of endosymbiosis,which of the following would you expect to find in a chloroplast?

A)Cellulose
B)A nucleus
C)Silica
D)DNA
E)A mitochondria

Question 44

figure 17.20
In figure 17.20,the plant community changed from alpine tundra grasses to coniferous forest as temperatures warmed up.In this figure lodgepole pines are occupying which of the following?

A)A realized niche
B)A community
C)A population
D)A fundamental niche
E)A biome

Question 45

As more CO₂ is released into the atmosphere,which of the following would you predict may happen to S.yellowstonensis diatoms in Yellowstone Lake?

A)Their shells would get thicker
B)There would be no effect because CO₂ does not dissolve into water
C)Photosynthesis would decrease
D)They would grow more spines
E)They would revert back to S. niagarae

Question 46

Alternation of generations means having alternating multicelled haploid and diploid phases in a life cycle.

Question 47

The movement toward a chemical stimulus is called cytokinesis.

Question 48

In addition to visual comparison,which of the following would be the best way to determine that S.niagarae and S.yellowstonensis are separate species?

A)Look for the presence of chloroplasts
B)By the presence of a silica shell
C)By their location in different lakes
D)Compare their DNA sequences
E)Carbon date them

Question 49

Termites could not digest wood without protists and bacteria living within them.

Question 50

A dinoflagellate has both a transverse flagellum and longitudinal flagellum.

Question 51

All protists are single-celled.

Question 52

If S.niagarae did evolve into S.yellowstonensis this would be an example of which of the following?

A)Directional selection
B)Stabilizing selection
C)Disruptive selection
D)Artificial selection

Question 53

Figure 17.21
In Figure 17.21,the authors show pictures of the modern diatoms S.niagarae (a)and S.yellowstonensis (c)as well as a transitional fossil.Which modern species does the transitional fossil most resemble?

A)S. yellowstonensis
B)S. niagarae
BLOOM'S LEVEL: 4. Analyze
LEARNING OUTCOME: 12.04.01 Compare and contrast homologous, analogous, and vestigial structures.LEARNING OUTCOME: 17.02.01 Describe the characteristics of euglenoid and dinoflagellate protists.SECTION: 12.04
SECTION: 17.06
TOPIC: Evolution-Speciation
TOPIC: Investigating Life
TOPIC: Protists

Question 54

Protists can be autotrophs.

Question 55

Spines increase a cell's surface area,so the spiniest diatoms should be the most buoyant.Which selective force below might explain the observed shift in spine number?

A)More predators were present during the ice age, favoring diatoms with more spines
B)Endothermic animals in colder climates tend to have smaller surface area to volume ratios to conserve heat
C)Diatoms with more spines could swim better allowing them to stay afloat in colder water
D)As Yellowstone Lake warmed up the water density decreased, favoring less buoyant diatoms
E)During the ice age Yellowstone Lake would have received more light from reflection off of the snow, allowing diatoms to live at greater depths

Question 56

Golden algae,diatoms,and brown algae contain yellowish pigments.

Question 57

The movement toward a chemical stimulus is called chemotaxis.

Question 58

Which of the following is a difference between a diatom and a lodgepole pine?

A)Diatoms do not have chloroplasts
B)Diatoms have a cell wall
C)Diatoms are single-celled
D)Diatoms do not have a plasma membrane
E)Diatoms have mitochondria

Question 59

Protists can be heterotrophs.