Deck 16: Creating Visuals and Data Displays

Question 1

A line graph should be used to compare one item to another item.

Answer 1

False
Explanation: To compare one item to another item, use a bar chart.

Question 2

A good story that is told by a visual might include something that is personally relevant to you and the audience.

Answer 2

True
Explanation: A good story that is told by a visual might include something that is personally relevant to you and the audience.

Question 3

If the reader has to study the labels to get the right picture,the visual is unethical even if the labels are accurate.

Answer 3

True
Explanation: If the audience has to study the labels to get the right picture, the visual is unethical even if the labels are accurate.

Question 4

Only a dot chart can be used to show correlations.

Question 5

Vesper has 250 clients in five local counties.She wishes to prepare a visual that shows the percentage of clients in each county.She could choose a pie chart to illustrate this data in a visual.

Question 6

Frasier would like to use a visual to show timelines for proposals that his department is working on.He could choose a dot chart to illustrate this data in a visual.

Question 7

A truncated graph,where part of the scale is missing,is most acceptable when the audience does not know the basic data set well because it focuses in on the area of real interest.

Question 8

If the data used are not reliable,it is better not to use visuals even if you have an included verbal disclaimer.

Question 9

Even if you have created your own unique visuals for a document,you must cite the sources of the information used to create them if they were gathered and compiled by someone else.

Question 10

The words in a written document should repeat the information that appears in a nearby visual.

Question 11

Visuals can be effective tools for ensuring that ideas are presented completely.

Question 12

A visual that contains numbers and words arrayed in rows and columns is a figure.

Question 13

Visuals are design elements that help make data meaningful.

Question 14

Visuals are highly interchangeable,so writers can choose those they prefer and are most comfortable designing.

Question 15

Some data sets allow you to tell several stories.In this case,you should choose the story you wish to tell but include all of the available data in the data set so that readers have all possible information at their disposal.

Question 16

A visual allows important information to be emphasized,even if the visual does not appear at the beginning or at the end of a document.

Question 17

Marion is comparing the sales volume in her region to the sales volumes in seven other regions in the country.She could choose a bar chart to illustrate this data in a visual.

Question 18

Audiences remember the labels on a graph or chart far better than they remember the shape of the visual.

Question 19

Color used in visuals may send signals that you do not intend because different cultures associate different meanings with different colors.

Question 20

Since visuals can be created quickly and easily on a computer,there is no reason not to include at least one visual on every page of a written document.

Question 21

Photograph is a popular visual because it can be relied upon to be a true record of a real event.

Question 22

A bar chart can be used to:

A) focus on specific numbers related to seven companies.
B) show a company's growth in net sales over time.
C) identify the contribution of each division to a company's total revenue.
D) show the item in use.
E) show timelines for proposals or projects.

Question 23

Three-dimensional graphs give some perspective to data,and this makes visuals more accurate and easier to interpret.

Question 24

Maps can be used as visuals to specify and emphasize locations or to compare items in different locations.

Question 25

Jordan,the sales manager of a local car rental service,wants to write a report describing the decrease in the number of customer complaints.He is trying to decide between using a bar chart or a line graph to supplement his discussion in the report.Which of the guidelines for visual design is he following?

A) Use color and decoration with restraint.
B) Follow the conventions for designing typical visuals.
C) Choose the right visual for the story.
D) Check the quality of the data.
E) Be accurate and ethical.

Question 26

Which of the following is a good practice when telling stories through visuals?

A) Simplify the data on a selected topic and convert numbers to easy-to-understand units.
B) Present all of the data collected, discuss what is relevant, and allow the audience to interpret the rest on their own.
C) Combine the data from several important stories into one visual.
D) Tell all of the stories that a data set allows in order not to waste any information.
E) Focus on all the stories and topics related to the primary topic of research.

Question 27

Histograms use images to create the bars on a bar graph.

Question 28

If the material is new to the audience,you must provide a fuller explanation than if similar material is presented to this audience every week or month.

Question 29

Five companies contributed different amounts to a local charity.Which of the following visuals could best illustrate the percentage of each company's contribution of the total amount?

A) A table
B) A bar chart
C) A line graph
D) A pie chart
E) A dot chart

Question 30

Bar charts are easy to interpret because they ask people to compare distance along a common scale,which most people judge accurately.

Question 31

Elena,a proofreader,is checking if any information is missing from key locations or demographic areas before creating a visual for an annual report.Which of the guidelines for visual design is she following?

A) Follow the conventions for designing typical visuals.
B) Determine the story you want to tell.
C) Be sure the visual is ethical.
D) Check the quality of the data.
E) Choose the right visual for the story.

Question 32

A complex visual requires relatively little discussion since all the information is contained in the graphics.

Question 33

It is a good idea to combine graphs with different scales so that readers can make valid comparisons.

Question 34

Since part of the scale is missing in truncated graphs,small changes seem like major ones.

Question 35

Which of the following is a design element that helps make data meaningful and supports arguments in your proposals and reports?

A) Software
B) Modem
C) Internet
D) Visual
E) Desktop

Question 36

A photograph is more effective for focusing in on details than a drawing is.

Question 37

When you want the audience to compare a segment to another segment of the whole,use a:

A) pie chart.
B) table.
C) drawing.
D) bar chart.
E) line graph.

Question 38

When you want the audience to be able to identify exact values,use a:

A) pie chart.
B) table.
C) line graph.
D) bar chart.
E) dot chart.

Question 39

The bars on a single bar chart should all be the same width.

Question 40

Pie charts are most appropriate when one section is being compared to another section of the whole.

Question 41

Pie charts:

A) can always be used interchangeably with bar charts.
B) should be limited to no more than 10 segments.
C) should include labels that appear inside the circle, each on their respective segment.
D) should be used only when you are comparing one segment to the whole.
E) should be made a 3D circle, and not a perfect circle, to avoid distortion of data.

Question 42

In a table,the _____ is the variable whose label is at the top.

A) boxhead
B) stub
C) row
D) column
E) header

Question 43

Which of the following approaches help make visuals accurate?

A) Truncate scales on graphs to highlight the information of interest to the reader.
B) Use three-dimensional graphs to be able to include more data.
C) Alter the images so that they more closely relate to the message you wish to send.
D) Differentiate between actual and estimated or projected values.
E) Combine graphs with different scales.

Question 44

In Western culture,which color might suggest a connotation of danger or passion?

A) Red
B) Green
C) Yellow
D) Blue
E) White

Question 45

_____ allow you to compare either several aspects of each item or several items over time.

A) Grouped bar charts
B) Segmented bars
C) Subdivided bars
D) Stacked bars
E) Histograms

Question 46

Which of the following visuals can be used to show schedules for projects?

A) Bar chart
B) Pie chart
C) Gantt chart
D) Line graph
E) Dot chart

Question 47

Which of the following statements about the use of color in visuals in professional reports is appropriate?

A) The author should select colors that he or she prefers to make a personal statement in the visual.
B) The choice of colors is insignificant as long as those selected do not clash with one another.
C) The meanings assigned to colors differ depending on the audience's national background and profession.
D) Each color has one specific, cross-cultural meaning and should therefore be selected to reflect the context of the discussion.
E) The color preferences of people remain constant over time and are safest with a heterogeneous audience that you know well.

Question 48

_____ are numbers or words arrayed in rows and columns.

A) Drawings
B) Gantt charts
C) Dot charts
D) Tables
E) Figures

Question 49

Images of people should be used carefully in _____ to avoid sexist,racist,or other exclusionary visual statements.

A) Gantt charts
B) bar charts
C) pie charts
D) truncated graphs
E) histographs

Question 50

_____ are most acceptable when the audience knows the basic data set well,even though part of the scale is missing.

A) Gantt charts
B) Clip arts
C) Chartjunk
D) Drawings
E) Truncated graphs

Question 51

Which of the following is recommended for an effective line graph?

A) Use only one line.
B) Label both the axes.
C) Use perspective to make comparison easier.
D) When time is a variable, put it on the vertical axis.
E) Label only the vertical axis.

Question 52

To compare items over time,to show frequency or distribution,and to show possible correlations,use a:

A) line graph.
B) dot chart.
C) Gantt chart.
D) pie chart.
E) table.

Question 53

Which of the following is true of photographs and drawings?

A) The richness of detail in photos makes them more effective than drawings for focusing on details.
B) Photos convey a sense of authenticity as they can never be edited or staged.
C) Photos are better for showing structures underground, undersea, or in the atmosphere.
D) Drawings can be used to insert creativity into the presentation of information.
E) A photo can provide as much or as little detail as is needed to make the point.

Question 54

_____ bar charts identify positive and negative values,or winners and losers.

A) Segmented
B) Grouped
C) Subdivided
D) Paired
E) Deviation

Question 55

_____ uses images to create the bars.

A) A subdivided bar chart
B) A grouped bar chart
C) A histogram bar chart
D) A paired bar chart
E) A deviation bar chart

Question 56

Which of the following might be an interpretation of the color yellow in a visual in Western culture?

A) Warm, earthy, and mature
B) Strong, brave, and passionate
C) Happy, friendly, and optimistic
D) Clean, innocent, and pure
E) Jealous, inexperienced, and greedy

Question 57

A full explanation of a visual is necessary when:

A) similar material is presented to the audience quite frequently.
B) the visual is simple and well designed.
C) the information it presents is a minor part of your proof.
D) the audience is familiar with the topic and the data.
E) the material is new to the audience.

Question 58

_____ consist of predrawn images that you can import into your document or visual.

A) Clip arts
B) Truncated graphs
C) Pie charts
D) Gantt charts
E) Tables

Question 59

To be effective,a table should:

A) place items that readers are to compare in columns rather than in rows.
B) shade alternate columns for easy reading.
C) be labeled as one of the numbered figures in a document.
D) contain numbers that show several decimal places for precision.
E) provide column and row totals or averages whether relevant or not.

Question 60

Which is a good design tip when preparing graphs and charts?

A) Use stripes and wavy lines to differentiate segments or items on black and white graphics.
B) Add a variety of clip art images as decorations to stimulate interest.
C) Use many different colors for multicultural audiences to ensure there is at least one that pleases everyone in the group.
D) Use as little shading and as few lines as are necessary for clarity.
E) Use stripes, wavy lines, and checks rather than shades of gray when you design black-and white graphs.

Question 61

How can one make his/her data displays more accurate?

Question 62

List the six steps that are necessary to create good visuals.

Question 63

_____ are used to emphasize location or to compare items in different locations.

A) Subdivided bar charts
B) Maps
C) Histograms
D) Gantt charts
E) Photographs

Question 64

When is it useful to use visuals in a written document?

Question 65

List three tips for properly designing a Gantt chart as a visual in a document.

Question 66

Explain when is it appropriate to use each of the following types of visuals: table,bar chart,pie chart,and line graph.

Question 67

List three tips for properly designing a table as a visual in a document.

Question 68

Think about the photos you see in the media every day.If you wanted to use an altered photo,what steps would you need to take to use it ethically?

Question 69

Explain when is it appropriate to use each of the following types of visuals: photographs,drawings,maps and Gantt charts.

Question 70

_____ are expanding the possibilities of data displays as many of them allow users to adapt data displays to personal needs.

A) Online visuals
B) Bar charts
C) Chartjunks
D) Cliparts
E) DBMS

Question 71

List three tips for properly designing a line graph as a visual in a document.

Question 72

Describe the components of a visual.

Question 73

List three tips for properly designing a bar chart as a visual in a document.

Question 74

What are the characteristics of a good story?

Question 75

Explain how to label and refer to visuals in the text of a document.

Question 76

A lending institution requires a small business owner to submit a business plan as part of his loan application.In that,he must describe his business,his marketing plan,his management and personnel,and his financial projections.What graphics might this small business owner include in the document to supplement the written information?

Question 77

List three tips for properly designing a pie chart as a visual in a document.