Deck 23: The Industrial Revolution and European Politics, 1780 - 1880

Question 1

 Which of the following best describes Mikahil Bakunin? 

A)Communist. 
B)Socialist. 
C)Capitalist. 
D)Anarchist.
E)Philanthropist. 

Answer 1

Anarchist.

Question 2

 Soon after Eli Whitney invented the cotton,gin,this country became largest supplier of raw cotton in the early nineteenth century 

A)the United States.
B)Egypt.
C)China.
D)Africa.
E)Mexico.

Answer 2

the United States.

Question 3

 Wedgwood ceramics was the first to introduce ____ in its factory.

A)female workers
B)steam engines
C)electric lighting
D)child labor
E)minimum wages

Answer 3

steam engines

Question 4

 As the industrial revolution became a global process,industrial nations developed

A)a need to expand their markets.
B)production that exceeded national demands.
C)a need for industrial raw materials.
D)advancements in communications and transportation.
E)All of these

Question 5

 The first part of textile production to be mechanized was

A)weaving.
B)harvesting cotton.
C)spinning.
D)growing cotton.
E)mechanized sheep shearing.

Question 6

 Which of the following was associated with the foundations of the industrial revolution?

A)All of the answers are correct. 
B)The harnessing of new sources of energy.
C)New methods of mechanized production.
D)Efficient centralized factories.
E)Complex division of labor.

Question 7

 Although Parliament,in an attempt to protect the wool industry,placed a high tariff on Indian cotton goods,British entrepreneurs found a way around this by

A)shipping Indian cotton to other ports and then shipping it to England.
B)importing raw cotton.
C)developing factories in India.
D)buying cotton goods from China.
E)buying raw cotton from Mexico.

Question 8

 ____ took the lead in the industrial revolution.

A)The United States
B)England
C)Prussia
D)The Netherlands
E)France

Question 9

 Political elites in the old land-based empires of Russia and the Ottoman Empire were torn between reform and

A)war.
B)revolution.
C)expansionist needs.
D)continuity.
E)westernization.

Question 10

 The British economy and industrialization was supported by its empire,including which of the following imports from the Caribbean?

A)Tea.
B)Sugar.
C)Cotton.
D)Textiles.
E)Timber.

Question 11

 Which of the following aspects of trade helped spur the economy of England and make it ripe for the industrial revolution?

A)Sugar. 
B)Cotton textiles. 
C)Tea. 
D)Global shipping network. 
E)All of the answers are correct. 

Question 12

 The industrial revolution was characterized by major changes in which of the following?

A)transportation.
B)communications.
C)political ideologies.
D)social conditions.
E)all of the answers are correct. 

Question 13

 By the 1830s,the British textile industry had been

A)outstripped in wool production by Australia.
B)fully involved in the putting out system.
C)completely gendered as only men worked in the factories..
D)developed in India so that investors would not have to pay taxes on profits.
E)mechanized and centralized.

Question 14

 Which of the following statements,associated with the putting out system,is true?

A)It was a decentralized system of textile production.
B)Women did the lighter work of spinning.
C)Men did the heavier job of weaving.
D)All of the answers are correct.
E)The system was not able to keep men fully employed.

Question 15

 James Watt is given credit for his work on

A)canals to transport coal.
B)architectural plans for efficient factories.
C)the steam engine that turned coal into cheap steam power.
D)the internal combustion engine.
E)instruments used for scientific research in energy use.

Question 16

 Bakunin originated in Russia and traveled the world,but felt that the best place to 'throw off the dead weight of the past' was 

A)The United States. 
B)Europe. 
C)Scandanavia. 
D)The Middle East. 
E)East Asia. 

Question 17

 The potential for the new,highly productive industrial system employing divisions of labor and steam power was highlighted in the

A)textile industry.
B)food processing area.
C)making of machines and tools.
D)shipping section.
E)mining industry.

Question 18

 In describing stimuli to the British economy of this time,which of the following statements is true?

A)The British refrained from developing a global economy because of the risk factor.
B)Investments in the industrial revolution were primarily from government support.
C)The British were hesitant in investing in new ideas of production,communications,and transportation.
D)Trade profits generated investment capital for industrial production. 
E)The Netherlands led the way in developing a global economy.

Question 19

 Bakunin's tumultuous life-span most directly encompassed which of the following?

A)The Scientific Revolution. 
B)The Agricultural Revolution. 
C)The Industrial Revolution. 
D)The Enlightenment. 
E)None of the answers are correct. 

Question 20

 Josiah Wedgwood made his ceramics factory produce more effectively through

A)moving the factory near a canal for water energy.
B)purifying the clay that went into the ceramics.
C)hiring Chinese experts in porcelain
D)building the first railroad to a factory.
E)dividing labor into specialized tasks.

Question 21

 The statement,"For many ...the industrial revolution and its appetite for cotton was a curse,not a blessing" refers to what group of people?

A)Textile workers in English mills.
B)Peasants in India raising cotton for the global market.
C)English families being paid starvation wages for working in the putting out system.
D)Slaves or exploited peasants in Egypt,America,and India.
E)English cotton merchants.

Question 22

 Romanticism was most closely linked to what other philosophy?

A)Utilitarianism.
B)Socialism.
C)Liberalism.
D)Capitalism.
E)Nationalism.

Question 23

 Which of the following was true of Britain in 1815? 

A)Unemployment was high.
B)All of the answers are correct. 
C)Bread prices were high because of grain tariffs.
D)Enclosure system were driving people out of villages. 
E)New factory system was driving people into urban slums. 

Question 24

 Which of the following statements is true?

A)Middle- and low-income classes in England did not have the right to vote.
B)Attempts at unionization were ruled illegal by Parliament.
C)Religion was an outlet for many workers.
D)All of the answers are correct. 
E)Alcoholism was an affliction for many poor.

Question 25

 The Suez Canal was completed in 1869 and directly linked the Mediterranean Sea to the

A)Red Sea.
B)Atlantic Ocean.
C)Arabian Sea.
D)Pacific Ocean.
E)Nile River.

Question 26

 Which of the following is associated with the growth of railroads?

A)Geographical mobility.
B)All of the answers are correct. 
C)Connecting large land areas.
D)The ability to move heavy goods.
E)Increased rates of urbanization.

Question 27

 The first long-range telegraph message was sent in 1844 and the Trans-Atlantic telegraph cable was laid down in

A)1850.
B)1844.
C)1901.
D)1803.
E)1869.

Question 28

 Steamships

A)improved domestic transportation where large waterways were available.
B)decreased the time needed to cross both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
C)resulted in canal building to connect major waterways.
D)decreased transportation costs.
E)All of these

Question 29

 The industrial revolution brought negative or mixed reactions from which of the following? 

A)new urban residents. 
B)kings.
C)religious leaders.
D)aristocrats.
E)all of the answers are correct. 

Question 30

 Bakunin advocated anarchism which he believed most closely aligned with 

A)Socialism.
B)Capitalism. 
C)Liberalism. 
D)Conservatism. 
E)Nationalism. 

Question 31

 The reaction of the middle and upper classes to the plight of the poor was to

A)demand labor protection laws from the government.
B)serve as volunteers to aid the sick and destitute.
C)blame them for their own fate.
D)demand child labor laws.
E)encourage the workers to rebel against the factory owners.

Question 32

 ____ was the strongest and most powerful ideology swirling through industrial Europe.

A)Sanctity of private property
B)Collective bargaining
C)Individual freedom
D)Nationalism
E)Romanticism

Question 33

 The industrial revolution in England occurred during the reign of

A)Henry VIII.
B)William and Mary.
C)Queen Elizabeth I.
D)Cornwallis.
E)Queen Victoria.

Question 34

 Industrialization expanded the need for raw materials,especially cotton from Egypt and 

A)Peru.
B)Japan. 
C)Siberia. 
D)India.
E)Spain.

Question 35

 Although considered a time of liberalism,many liberals still believed in a restricted form of democracy because

A)limited suffrage was given to women.
B)liberals feared communism would be too popular.
C)kings still ruled by divine right.
D)liberals were afraid of losing their aristocratic titles.
E)political participation was limited to the propertied and educated.

Question 36

 The English reform movement achieved which of the following?

A)all of the answers are correct. 
B)by the 1850s wages increased. 
C)restrictions on trade unions were eased. 
D)child labor laws were enacted.
E)prison reform.

Question 37

 How did Muhammad Ali,the Ottoman military leader of Egypt,finance the modernization of Egypt?

A)Seized the Suez Canal
B)Taxed all foreign goods that sailed in and out of the Red Sea
C)Encouraged the production of cotton
D)Made a military alliance with Great Britain
E)Increased taxes on the peasant class

Question 38

 The move from water transport to railroads was the result of

A)more powerful steam engines.
B)geography that was conducive to laying down track.
C)insufficient canals and riverways.
D)increase in urban centers.
E)cheaper iron.

Question 39

 Which of the following areas competed with England in establishing a network of steam-powered factories?

A)United States.
B)Belgium.
C)All of the answers are correct.
D)France.
E)Germany.

Question 40

 The Industrial Revolution's improvements in transportation and communications dramatically increased the pace of 

A)Globalization.
B)Socialism.
C)Democratization. 
D)Dictatorships. 
E)None of the answers are correct. 

Question 41

 The success and popularity of Louis Napoleon (Napoleon III)was based on

A)liberals who feared the radicalism of Blanc.
B)governmental financing of trade and industry.
C)the respect for the rule of law and basic civil liberties.
D)expanding the French Empire.
E)all of the answers are correct. 

Question 42

Please define the following key terms.

- James Watt

Question 43

 Italy was unified in 1870 under a/an ____ system of government.

A)theocratic
B)autocratic monarchy
C)Garibaldi dictatorship
D)constitutional monarchy
E)papal-controlled

Question 44

 Working-class leaders gained stronger lobbying power because of

A)greater suffrage.
B)the competition from foreign products on the global market.
C)fewer restrictions on trade union organizations.
D)increased labor actions against factory owners.
E)the decrease in the labor population pool.

Question 45

 The dominant power in Central Europe at this time was

A)Prussia.
B)Poland.
C)Hungary.
D)Austria.
E)Bosnia.

Question 46

 In the midst of the turmoil in the Austro-Hungarian Empire,it lost a war in 1866 to

A)Prussia.
B)France.
C)Italy.
D)Russia.
E)Franco-Prussian troops.

Question 47

Please define the following key terms.

- Steam Engine

Question 48

Please define the following key terms.

- Mikhail Bakunin 

Question 49

 Which of the following statements reflects the problems facing Italian nationalism?

A)The north was an industrialized and urbanized area,similar to Western Europe.
B)Because of internal divisions,conservatives were able to stifle any unification attempts.
C)The south was mainly agricultural and rural in character.
D)All the answers are correct. 
E)Dialects made it difficult for Italians to understand each other.

Question 50

 Which of the following was part of the Austrian Empire?

A)Hungary.
B)Northern Italy.
C)All of the answers are correct. 
D)Balkan territories.
E)Czech-speaking provinces.

Question 51

 Why did the English Reform Bill of 1832 create a Parliament that better reflected the era of its time?

A)Seats in Parliament were redistributed to take demographic changes into account.
B)Restrictions were placed on child labor.
C)It regulated labor conditions in the mills.
D)Standards were set in urban housing.
E)All British citizens,regardless of property,were given suffrage.

Question 52

 Who refused a constitutional monarchy,calling it a "crown from the gutter?"

A)Louis Napoleon.
B)Friedrich Wilhelm IV.
C)Otto von Bismarck.
D)Queen Victoria.
E)Louis Philippe.

Question 53

 In 1815,the Congress of Vienna

A)restored the Bourbon dynasty in France.
B)voided the French Constitution.
C)placed France under its control.
D)imposed severe restrictions on French economic growth.
E)returned France to the old status quo of pre-revolution.

Question 54

 In describing the problems encountered with German nationalism,which of the following is true?

A)Germany involved over thirty different governments.
B)Some Germans did not trust Prussian conservatism and militarism.
C)All of the answers are correct. 
D)Prussians feared unification would undermine their power.
E)Prussian chancellor Otto von Bismarck led Prussia in the creation of a German state.

Question 55

 Emperor Franz Joseph II was able to re-assert Habsburg control in his German-speaking territories with the support of this group which was shocked by the actions of the urban radicals

A)Marxists.
B)peasants.
C)workers.
D)nobles.
E)catalog.

Question 56

Please define the following key terms.

- Raw materials 

Question 57

 After the Bourbon monarchy was overthrown in 1830,Louis Philippe was invited to ascend to the French throne because he

A)was a member of the bourgeois.
B)favored a return to the republic.
C)appealed to the liberals in France.
D)favored a return to the protocol of the old royal system.
E)was more interested in business and economic policies than royal protocol.

Question 58

 The lowering of tariffs on foreign grain indicated the

A)power of the growing urban factory workers.
B)decline in the power of the agricultural sector.
C)growing power of the urban middle class.
D)importance of American grain on the world market.
E)growing population and inability of domestic wheat production to fulfill domestic needs.

Question 59

Please define the following key terms.

- Industrial Revolution

Question 60

 Which of the following represent the ideas of Louis Blanc? 

A)private ownership of industry was inefficient.
B)all of the answers are correct.
C)cooperative workshops should be established by the government.
D)employment should be guaranteed for all workers.
E)workers should run the factories in which they were employed.

Question 61

Please define the following key terms.

- Queen Victoria

Question 62

Please define the following key terms.

- Romanticism

Question 63

Please define the following key terms.

- Cotton

Question 64

Please define the following key terms.

- Steamships

Question 65

Please define the following key terms.

- Congress of Vienna

Question 66

Please define the following key terms.

- The Reform Bill of 1867

Question 67

Please define the following key terms.

- Josiah Wedgwood

Question 68

Please define the following key terms.

- Muhammad Ali

Question 69

Please define the following key terms.

- Telegraph

Question 70

Please define the following key terms.

- Friedrich Engels

Question 71

Please define the following key terms.

- Liberalism

Question 72

Please define the following key terms.

- John Stuart Mill

Question 73

Please define the following key terms.

- Putting-out system

Question 74

Please define the following key terms.

- Reform Bill of 1832

Question 75

Please define the following key terms.

- Sanitation

Question 76

Please define the following key terms.

- Division of Labor

Question 77

Please define the following key terms.

- Nationalism

Question 78

Please define the following key terms.

- Mass production

Question 79

Please define the following key terms.

- Socialism

Question 80

Please define the following key terms.

- Railroads