Deck 30: The Cold War and Decolonization 1949 - 1975

Question 1

 Cuba became a ____ state as a result of the revolution of 1959.

A)democratic
B)military dictatorial
C)socialist
D)theocratic
E)republic-type

Answer 1

socialist

Question 2

 In 1949,with Mao Zedong in control of the newly formed People's Republic of China,Chiang Kai-shek formed the

A)People's Republic of China.
B)nation of Taiwan.
C)Chinese Communist Republic.
D)Republic of China in Taiwan.
E)Taiwan Communist Republic.

Answer 2

Republic of China in Taiwan.

Question 3

 Ernesto "Che" Guevara had a life-changing experience that made him into a revolutionary when he traveled through

A)Mexico.
B)South America.
C)the Falkland islands.
D)Africa.
E)Southeast Asia.

Answer 3

South America.

Question 4

 Which of the following describes pre-revolutionary Cuba?

A)All of the answers are correct.
B)Its capital was known as a playground of tourists and big money.
C)Casinos were controlled by the mafia.
D)Batista ruled as an absolute tyrannical leader.
E)Most of the island's people lived in abject poverty.

Question 5

 The Chinese became involved in the Korean War because

A)they feared that South Korea was planning an assault on China after defeating North Korea.
B)they believed American-backed South Korea would destroy North Korea,a Chinese ally.
C)the Soviet Union threatened to withdraw aid,unless China came to the aid of North Korea.
D)they felt that America was really planning an assault on China using Korea as it frontal assault.
E)they feared that North Korea would turn to the Soviet Union for aid and alliance.

Question 6

 The official U.S.policy towards the Soviet Union by the 1950s was

A)appeasement.
B)containment.
C)cooperation.
D)ignore.
E)military intervention.

Question 7

 Mao's public call for new ideas as part of the "Let a hundred flowers bloom" program was especially harsh on

A)creative artists.
B)merchants and industrialists.
C)peasant farmers.
D)foreign relations with the Soviet Union.
E)intellectuals who were critical of communism or of Mao.

Question 8

 In 1967,Che Guevara was captured and executed in

A)Bolivia.
B)Central Congo.
C)Cuba.
D)Mexico.
E)South Africa.

Question 9

 As a result of the failure of the Great Leap Forward,

A)steel production fell.
B)the quality of steel produced in small furnaces was inferior.
C)lack of food production resulted in massive famine.
D)pragmatic experts reduced Mao's power behind the scene.
E)All of the answers are correct. 

Question 10

 Which of the following was a part of the turbulent quarter-century between 1949 and 1974?

A)Emergence of dozens of new nations.
B)Facing off between the two superpowers of America and the Soviet Union.
C)Antidemocratic forces' impact on strategic locations of the world.
D)All of the answers are correct.
E)Major revolutions.

Question 11

 The Nationalists were unable to win control of China because of which of the following? 

A)all of the answers are correct. 
B)Chinese rural populations supported Mao.
C)peasants supported Mao because of his actions in fighting the Japanese.
D)communist followers were able to act in the camouflage of their everyday lives.
E)Mao and his supporters treated the rural population better than the Nationalists did.

Question 12

 The mass mobilization plan of Communist China included

A)peasant agricultural cooperatives.
B)expanded education.
C)youth organizations.
D)all of the answers are correct. 
E)state-sponsored unions.

Question 13

 Guevara became personally involved in the ____ Revolution in 1959.

A)Mexican
B)Cuban
C)South African
D)Argentinian
E)Colombian

Question 14

 The idealistic goal of Mao's Great Leap Forward in 1958 was based on

A)increasing steel production with government subsidies for building modern steel mills.
B)mechanizing farms by subsidizing farm machinery for peasant farms.
C)reviving the true revolutionary potential of the Chinese peasant and worker.
D)expanding property rights for the small farmer and shop owner.
E)making China a self-sufficient food producer without ties to global economics.

Question 15

 In the tripartite division of the postwar world,the United States belongs to the First World while the Soviet Union and its allies belongs to

A)the Second World.
B)the Third World.
C)none.
D)both First and Second.
E)the First World.

Question 16

 In 1954,Che Guevara witnessed the U.S.supported overthrow of the democratically elected government of

A)Guatemala.
B)Cuba.
C)Chile.
D)Peru.
E)Argentina.

Question 17

 What was the final result of the Korean War?

A)North Korea remained under Chinese occupation.
B)Stalemate and division into North and South Korea with a demilitarized zone separating them.
C)South Korea has a democratic government,but North Korea has a monarchy.
D)South Korea developed an authoritarian regime.
E)Korea was unified a communist government.

Question 18

 Those who deviated from the Chinese Communist ideals of socialism were

A)publicly humiliated and forced to confess their errors.
B)sent to labor camps.
C)exiled.
D)executed.
E)severely limited in the society.

Question 19

 Because of actions in China in 1949 and Cuba in 1959,the United States viewed the world as

A)becoming less threatening because of the spread of democracies.
B)less threatening,as the Soviet influence decreased.
C)more threatening because of the spread of the "Soviet menace" and communism.
D)more dangerous,as both nations developed nuclear weapons.
E)confusing,as new world military alliances were formed.

Question 20

 Guevara lived at the intersection of two great global struggles,which were characterized by which of the following? 

A)the East-West division of the Cold War.
B)movements in decolonization.
C)all of the answers are correct. 
D)the North-South division of haves and have-nots.
E)democratic movements and dictatorships.

Question 21

 Which of the following is true concerning Cuban Missile Crisis?

A)After the Bay of Pigs Invasion,Castro became close allies with China.
B)Mao took advantage of the tension between America and Cuba to increase economic investments in Cuba.
C)The United States and the Soviet Union were on the threshold of nuclear war over Soviet missiles in Cuba.
D)The Soviet Union,China,and Cuba created a Caribbean Military Pact.
E)Cuba,fearing American attack,began to develop its own nuclear arsenal with aid from the Soviets.

Question 22

 The Cuban Missile Crisis was a good example of how dangerous it was for one superpower to become involved in another's

A)economic interests.
B)established sphere of influence.
C)elections.
D)political bureaucracy.
E)missile sites.

Question 23

 While many regions in Asia and Africa remained under neo-colonial influence after independence,which of the following describes the other typical decolonization process immediately after World War II?

A)Former European colonial powers lost complete control of their former colonies.
B)African and Asian nations were successful in isolating themselves form the bipolarity of the superpowers.
C)Some nations became involved in the competition between superpowers and were pulled apart in the process.
D)New states,being weaker and in desperate need of loans and funds,found no help from the superpowers.
E)A federation of African states was successful in keeping both the Soviet Union and the United States out of African affairs.

Question 24

 Which of the following was a characteristic of the Cuban economy after its revolution and with the alliance of the Soviet Union?

A)Exports continued to be low-income agricultural products.
B)All of the answers are correct. 
C)Without material rewards,workers fell into lethargy.
D)Imports of high-value industrial products sapped Cuban revenue.
E)Large state farms were hampered by bureaucratic inefficiency.

Question 25

 The United States became alarmed when Castro's Agrarian Reform Law

A)imprisoned all Americans still in Cuba.
B)captured and burned the American Embassy.
C)nationalized land owned by American corporations.
D)seized Guantanamo Base.
E)demanded the return of all pro-Batista supporters.

Question 26

 In the spring of 1961,although The Bay of Pigs was the brainchild of the Eisenhower administration,____ would eventually take the blame for the fiasco.

A)Castro
B)Eisenhower
C)Batista
D)Kennedy
E)Khrushchev

Question 27

 Which of the following describes the Soviet Union's actions during the Cold War?

A)All of the answers are correct.
B)Soviets claimed that colonialism and imperialism were deterrents to liberation. 
C)It supported efforts to throw off European colonial powers.
D)Latin American nations,trying to free themselves of American influence,received Soviet support.
E)It considered itself a champion of freedom.

Question 28

 ____ was the Soviet leader who was involved in the Cuban Missile Crisis.

A)Stalin
B)Brezhnev
C)Putin
D)Khrushchev
E)Gorbachev

Question 29

 Although it appeared that the new Soviet leader,Khrushchev,would pursue reforms,he

A)would not tolerate popular movements for change.
B)crushed demonstrations in East Berlin.
C)was responsible for building the Berlin Wall.
D)did compromise and allowed some reforms in Poland.
E)All of the answers are correct. 

Question 30

 The Hungarian Uprising of students,factory workers,and middle-class professionals in 1956

A)was settled in the United Nations.
B)was successful because European intervention and possible war forced the Soviets to back off.
C)ended in mass arrests and executions after the Soviets moved in with tanks.
D)was a success and encouraged the same actions in Poland and East Berlin.
E)forced the resignation of Premier Khrushchev.

Question 31

 As a result of his disappointment with the pace of Cuban development and his mistrust of the Soviet Union,Che Guevara left his position as minister for industry in Cuba to pursue his revolutionary dreams in

A)Haiti.
B)Mexico.
C)Indonesia.
D)Africa.
E)Nicaragua.

Question 32

 Castro and Guevara developed the army that eventually overthrew Batista by which of the following? 

A)creating an arsenal by raiding police stations and army barracks.
B)all of the answers are correct. 
C)attracting sympathetic peasants into their army.
D)out-maneuvering the Cuban government.
E)being vigilant when it came to spies and government informants.

Question 33

 Which of the following is a true description of the Bay of Pigs invasion?

A)All of the answers are correct.
B)Fear of further counter-revolutionary incidents increased Castro's repressive policies.
C)The Kennedy administration gave the invasion little support.
D)The invasion intensified Castro's mistrust of the United States.
E)Economic sanctions,placed on Cuba by America,created an increased climate of hostility between the two.

Question 34

 Fidel Castro,like ____,was an idealist who renounced middle-class privilege for revolution and who searched for an alternative between capitalism and technocratic socialism.

A)Mao
B)Guevara
C)Batista
D)Eisenhower
E)Khrushchev

Question 35

 President Eisenhower backed Shah Muhammad Reza Pahlavi because the Americans were concerned that the Soviet Union wanted

A)an ally in the Middle East.
B)Iran's oil fields.
C)to use Iran against Israel.
D)to prevent Iran from getting closer to the U.S.
E)to collect on debts form Iran from the second World War.

Question 36

 The Cuban Missile Crisis happened in the fall of

A)1960.
B)1962.
C)1963.
D)1964.
E)1959.

Question 37

 The administration of ____ hoped that Castro might be someone they could work with.

A)Truman
B)Kennedy
C)Johnson
D)Eisenhower
E)Reagan

Question 38

 Fidel Castro and Che Guevara first met each other in

A)Havana.
B)La Paz.
C)Miami.
D)Mexico City.
E)Guatemala.

Question 39

 As a result of the Cuban-Soviet relationship,which of the following was true?

A)Agricultural production in Cuba declined,causing malnutrition on the island.
B)Cuban markets dried up internationally.
C)Unemployment became rampant.
D)Suppression of educational facilities by Castro nearly destroyed literacy in Cuba.
E)By the mid-1960s,the Cuban economy had recovered and stabilized.

Question 40

 As a result of the Cuban Crisis,the United States withdrew its missiles from

A)Turkey.
B)Iran.
C)Japan.
D)Greece.
E)Berlin. 

Question 41

 In addition to being defeated by the Viet Minh at Dien Bien Phu in 1954,the French decided to cut their relationship to Vietnam as a colonial power because

A)Ho Chi Minh had made a successful appeal to the United Nations.
B)the Chinese came into the war militarily on the side of Vietnam.
C)the United States and Britain agreed to take up the fight for the French.
D)France considered its nationalistic insurgency in Algeria more important that Vietnam.
E)a national vote had elected Ho president of the new Vietnam.

Question 42

 Which of the following describes the Congolese situation in the 1960s?

A)The nation had been severely repressed by Belgium,which wished to establish a neocolonialist relationship.
B)Patrice Lumumba,as first president,faced internal division,dissent,and division from the start.
C)All of the answers are correct. 
D)With the complicity of the CIA,Lumumba became a target of assassination because he had sought Soviet aid.
E)By 1966,the American-backed Mobutu was firmly in control.

Question 43

 The partition of ____ from India into two independent states in 1947 was mainly the result of divisions between Hindu and Muslim factions.

A)Nepal
B)Tibet
C)Afghanistan
D)Pakistan
E)Bhutan

Question 44

 The Tlateloco Massacre in October 1968 in Mexico City was an uprising to protest

A)the Summer Olympics being held in Mexico City.
B)the Vietnam War.
C)the Party of Institutional Reform was elitist.
D)American alliance with the government of Mexico.
E)NAFTA.

Question 45

 Which of the following are examples of the powerful youth movements in America in 1968? 

A)The "hippie" movement. 
B)All of the answers are correct. 
C)The birth of the modern feminist movement.
D)The growth in interest in Eastern religions.
E)The increased use of consciousness-altering drugs.

Question 46

 In 1958,the United States entered into a military agreement with Pakistan because the United States

A)saw India as an ally of the Soviet Union.
B)thought Pakistani Muslims liked the Soviet Union.
C)feared a communist-backed invasion from India.
D)wished to stabilize the new government of Pakistan and establish democracy.
E)planned an invasion of communist Nepal.

Question 47

 In 1964,this US president won congressional approval for a full-scale war against the communist regime in Hanoi. 

A)Kennedy.
B)Johnson. 
C)Eisenhower.
D)Nixon.
E)None of the answers are correct. 

Question 48

 The success of India,emerging as the largest democracy in the 1950s,was the result of which of the following?

A)the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru.
B)control of tensions with Pakistan.
C)all of the answers are correct.
D)building up of a reliable and loyal military.
E)nonalignment with either superpower.

Question 49

 Which of the following areas were occupied by Israeli forces as a result of the Six-Day War? 

A)Sinai Desert of Egypt.
B)Golan Heights of Syria.
C)West Bank of the Jordan River.
D)All of the answers are correct. 
E)East Jerusalem.

Question 50

 Youth protests became major occurrences in

A)France.
B)Mexico.
C)Czechoslovakia.
D)the United States.
E)All of the answers are correct. 

Question 51

 The United States and Britain recognized the independence of Rhodesia and South Africa and overlooked their repressive governments because the they 

A)promised to provide for human rights.
B)allowed military and nuclear facilities on their land.
C)were anti-Soviet and anticommunist.
D)were compromise governments of whites and Africans.
E)refused to nationalize foreign investments and properties.

Question 52

 In 1957,Kwama Kkrumah became the first president of what independent nation?

A)Ghana.
B)Mali.
C)Ethiopia.
D)Kenya.
E)South Africa.

Question 53

 Although popular in the beginning of his rule,why was Sukharno eventually turned out of office in Indonesia?

A)He had difficulty in defeating the Dutch military,still present in Indonesia.
B)He could not win the popular vote of the people.
C)He turned to the Soviet Union for aid and expertise.
D)He suspended the Constitution.
E)With the backing of the United States,his government was overturned by General Suharto.

Question 54

 Which of the following statements is true?

A)China endured an internal conflict between the Red Guards and the Gang of Four.
B)Pragmatists gained prestige and recognition with the visit of President Nixon.
C)All of the answers are correct. 
D)Deng Xiaoping eventually gained control over the Gang of Four and Red Guards.
E)Mao's wife used the Cultural Revolution to destroy western influences in China.

Question 55

 During the Cold War Era,the United States was,like the Soviet Union,a model of contradictions as shown by which of the following?

A)its actions in Iran.
B)the use of covert CIA actions that destroyed the elected government of Guatemala
C)arming rebels in Honduras.
D)expecting all nations to be against Marxism-Leninism.
E)all of the answers are correct.

Question 56

 Jacobo Arbenz was elected president of Guatemala after arguing that democracy could not be built on the foundation of stark social and economic inequity and because he

A)was an ally of the Soviet Union.
B)promised a land and labor platform.
C)wanted to nationalize all industry.
D)wanted to re-build the railways.
E)promoted Al Qaeda.

Question 57

 ____ had to fight a long and costly war with France to achieve its independence in 1962.

A)Algeria
B)East Africa
C)Kenya
D)Ivory Coast
E)Guinea

Question 58

 Which of the following was a part of French neocolonialism in Africa?

A)A promise of French citizenship by a colonial policy of "assimilation."
B)Former French colonies receiving control over their own internal affairs,but under the direction from Paris.
C)Joined a larger French Community.
D)All of the answers are correct. 
E)Currency pegged to the French stock market.

Question 59

 Which of the following did not enhance Nasser's reputation and image?

A)Negotiated withdrawal of British troops from the Suez Canal Zone.
B)Results of the Six-Day War.
C)Nationalized the Suez Canal.
D)Supported the cause of the Palestinians.
E)Took a belligerent stance toward Israel.

Question 60

 Sekou Toure led what African nation to vote no to rejoining the French Community in 1958?

A)Ivory Coast.
B)Guinea.
C)Senegal.
D)Mali.
E)Ghana.

Question 61

Please define the following key terms.

- Korean War

Question 62

Please define the following key terms.

- Third World

Question 63

Please define the following key terms.

- Ernesto Guevara

Question 64

Please define the following key terms.

- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) 

Question 65

Please define the following key terms.

- Containment

Question 66

 Which of the following statements is associated with the end of bipolarity of the Cold War?

A)The United States was dealing with civil right issues.
B)The Soviet populations showed little patience with their continued poor living standards.
C)Relations between Beijing and Moscow had deteriorated.
D)The signing of the Treaty of Rome created the European Economic Community.
E)All of the answers are correct. 

Question 67

Please define the following key terms.

- Mao Zedong

Question 68

Please define the following key terms.

- Cuban Missile Crisis

Question 69

Please define the following key terms.

- Nikita Khrushchev

Question 70

Please define the following key terms.

- Cold War

Question 71

Please define the following key terms.

- People's Republic of China

Question 72

Please define the following key terms.

- Bay of Pigs

Question 73

Please define the following key terms.

- Berlin Wall

Question 74

Please define the following key terms.

- Jacobo Arbenz

Question 75

Please define the following key terms.

- Communist Party

Question 76

Please define the following key terms.

- Iron Curtain

Question 77

Please define the following key terms.

- Great Leap Forward

Question 78

Please define the following key terms.

- Domino Theory

Question 79

Please define the following key terms.

- Hungarian Uprising 

Question 80

Please define the following key terms.

- Fidel Castro