Deck 13: Organic Chemistry

Question 1

Ethanol

A)is also known as methyl alcohol.
B)is not poisonous.
C)has OH groups in its molecules.
D)ionizes when added to water.

Answer 1

has OH groups in its molecules.

Question 2

Each dash in the structural formula of an organic molecule represents a shared

A)electron.
B)electron pair.
C)ion pair.
D)carbon atom.

Answer 2

electron pair.

Question 3

A molecule in which three bonds occur between carbon atoms is

A)C₂H.
B)C₂H₂.
C)C₂H₄.
D)C₂H₆.

Answer 3

C₂H₂.

Question 4

A variety of alkanes is found in

A)gasoline.
B)carbohydrates.
C)proteins.
D)esters.

Question 5

The alcohols are organic equivalents of inorganic

A)acids.
B)bases.
C)salts.
D)oxides.

Question 6

A double bond between two carbon atoms involves the sharing of a total of

A)2 electrons.
B)4 electrons.
C)8 electrons.
D)Any of these choices could be correct, depending on the molecule.

Question 7

Alkane molecules

A)have only single carbon-carbon bonds.
B)may have double carbon-carbon bonds.
C)react readily with acids.
D)react readily with bases.

Question 8

The number of covalent bonds possible between two carbon atoms in an organic molecule is

A)1.
B)1 or 2.
C)1, 2, or 3.
D)1, 2, 3, or 4.

Question 9

In comparison with hydrocarbon molecules that have double or triple bonds between carbon atoms, hydrocarbon molecules with only single bonds are in general

A)less reactive.
B)about the same in reactivity.
C)more reactive.
D)no generalization is possible.

Question 10

The number of carbon atoms in a benzene ring is

A)4.
B)5.
C)6.
D)8.

Question 11

Which of the following compounds cannot exist?

A)C₂H₂
B)C₂H₃
C)C₂H₄
D)C₄H₈
E)Both B and D

Question 12

The alkanes in petroleum can be partly separated by

A)fractional distillation.
B)polymerization.
C)cracking.
D)reaction with hydrogen.

Question 13

In comparison with organic compounds in general, most inorganic compounds

A)are less soluble in water.
B)are more stable when heated.
C)are more likely to contain carbon.
D)react more slowly.

Question 14

The isomers of a compound have different

A)molecular compositions.
B)molecular masses.
C)structures.
D)numbers of bonds between their atoms.

Question 15

In organic chemistry, an aromatic compound

A)has a pronounced odor.
B)consists only of alkane molecules.
C)has benzene rings in its molecules.
D)does not have benzene rings in its molecules.

Question 16

The number of electrons shared among the carbon atoms in a benzene ring is

A)1.
B)2.
C)6.
D)12.

Question 17

Methane is not

A)a hydrocarbon.
B)an alkane.
C)present in natural gas.
D)present in gasoline.

Question 18

The structural formula of the methyl group is

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 19

The process by which small molecules join together to form larger ones is called

A)cracking.
B)esterification.
C)polymerization.
D)saturation.

Question 20

The bonds between the atoms in a molecule of a saturated organic compound are

A)all single.
B)all double.
C)some single and some double.
D)all triple.

Question 21

The oxidation of glucose does not yield

A)water.
B)oxygen.
C)carbon dioxide.
D)energy.

Question 22

The average efficiency of photosynthesis in utilizing solar energy is

A)1 percent.
B)20 percent.
C)50 percent.
D)90 percent.

Question 23

The reaction of an alcohol with an organic acid produces

A)a ketone.
B)an ester.
C)a protein.
D)an aldehyde.

Question 24

Which of the following is not a carbohydrate?

A)cellulose
B)starch
C)DNA
D)glycogen

Question 25

Of the following acids, the one that dissociates least in water solution is

A)nitric.
B)acetic.
C)sulfuric.
D)hydrochloric.

Question 26

The structural elements of a polymer are called

A)isomers.
B)elastomers.
C)monomers.
D)esters.

Question 27

Cellulose is a

A)carbohydrate.
B)protein.
C)lipid.
D)nucleic acid.

Question 28

Animal cells do not contain

A)glycogen.
B)starch.
C)proteins.
D)lipids.

Question 29

Fermentation can convert sugar to carbon dioxide and

A)ethanol.
B)methanol.
C)acetic acid.
D)starch.

Question 30

An organic acid molecule contains one or more carboxyl groups whose molecular formula is

A)CO.
B)OH.
C)COH.
D)COOH.

Question 31

The unique properties of Teflon, which is composed of carbon and fluorine, arise from the strength of

A)C-C bonds.
B)F-F bonds.
C)C-F bonds.
D)rings of F atoms.

Question 32

In photosynthesis, chlorophyll acts

A)to shield the reacting molecules from sunlight.
B)to extract oxygen from the atmosphere.
C)to prevent water from evaporating.
D)to both catalyze and provide energy to the process.

Question 33

Plants store energy in the form of

A)cellulose.
B)starch.
C)DNA.
D)glycogen.

Question 34

Muscles consist mainly of

A)carbohydrates.
B)proteins.
C)lipids.
D)nucleic acids.

Question 35

Photosynthesis produces

A)carbohydrates.
B)proteins.
C)lipids.
D)All of these choices are correct.

Question 36

The structural elements of a polyester such as Dacron

A)are glass fibers.
B)are esters.
C)have ester linkages between them.
D)are arranged in rings.

Question 37

Nitrogen is needed by plants mainly to manufacture

A)carbohydrates.
B)proteins.
C)lipids.
D)nucleic acids.

Question 38

The oxygen in the earth's atmosphere comes from

A)volcanoes.
B)space.
C)photosynthesis.
D)the action of lightning on seawater.

Question 39

Amino acids are the basic units of

A)carbohydrates.
B)proteins.
C)lipids.
D)nucleic acids.

Question 40

Nylon is an example of

A)a monomer.
B)a polymer.
C)an isomer.
D)an elastomer.

Question 41

A double helix structure is characteristic of

A)DNA.
B)proteins.
C)carbohydrates.
D)lipids.

Question 42

A transplanted body tissue or organ is "rejected" by the recipient's body when the donor and recipient have different

A)carbohydrates.
B)proteins.
C)lipids.
D)All of these choices are correct.

Question 43

The number of genes in the human genome seems to be

A)20,000-25,000.
B)50,000-100,000.
C)1-2 million.
D)1-2 billion.

Question 44

Compared with their carbohydrate content, living cells contain

A)less protein.
B)about the same amount of protein.
C)more protein.
D)Any of these choices could be correct, depending on the type of cell.

Question 45

The mass of fat needed to provide an animal with as much energy as 1 g of carbohydrate is about

A)0.5 g.
B)1 g.
C)2 g.
D)4 g.

Question 46

DNA controls the development and functioning of a cell by governing its manufacture of

A)carbohydrates.
B)lipids.
C)amino acids.
D)proteins.