Deck 10: The Periodic Law

Question 1

Carbon

A)is a typical metal.
B)is a typical nonmetal.
C)has properties intermediate between those of metals and nonmetals.
D)has properties no other element has.

Answer 1

has properties intermediate between those of metals and nonmetals.

Question 2

The most active of the following nonmetals is

A)helium.
B)carbon.
C)chlorine.
D)oxygen.

Answer 2

chlorine.

Question 3

Which one of the following substances is a heterogeneous mixture?

A)air
B)water
C)concrete
D)sugar

Answer 3

concrete

Question 4

A vertical column in the periodic table is called a

A)shell.
B)subshell.
C)group.
D)period.

Question 5

Of the halogens, at room temperature and atmospheric pressure

A)all are gases.
B)one is a gas and the others are liquids.
C)one is a gas and the others are solids.
D)one is a liquid and the others are gases or solids.

Question 6

Elements with similar properties (other than atomic mass)

A)occupy the same period of the periodic table.
B)have similar electron configurations.
C)have the same number of neutrons in their nuclei.
D)exist in the same physical state (solid, liquid, or gas).

Question 7

The scientist who first established the relative masses of different elements was

A)Mendeleev.
B)Maxwell.
C)Priestley.
D)Dalton.

Question 8

Which one of the following substances is a homogeneous mixture?

A)aluminum
B)seawater
C)salt
D)wood

Question 9

The most abundant element in the universe is

A)hydrogen.
B)helium.
C)oxygen.
D)carbon.

Question 10

Which one of the following substances is a compound?

A)milk
B)soil
C)gold
D)water

Question 11

At room temperature, bromine is a

A)colorless gas.
B)greenish-yellow gas.
C)reddish-brown liquid.
D)steel-gray solid.

Question 12

According to the periodic table, the chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their

A)density.
B)atomic number.
C)atomic mass.
D)mass number.

Question 13

The metals most difficult to extract from their ores in general

A)are the least active chemically.
B)are the most active chemically.
C)have the lowest atomic numbers.
D)have the highest atomic numbers.

Question 14

The atomic mass of an element is

A)the average atomic mass of its isotopes according to their proportions in nature.
B)the average mass number of its isotopes according to their proportions in nature.
C)the average atomic number of its isotopes according to their proportions in nature.
D)the atomic mass of its most abundant isotopes.

Question 15

The largest number of elements are classed as

A)metals.
B)inert gases.
C)nonmetals.
D)liquids.

Question 16

The statement that the elements in a given compound are always combined in the same proportions by mass is known as

A)the periodic law.
B)the law of definite proportions.
C)the law of conservation of mass.
D)Dalton's law.

Question 17

The least active of the following metals is

A)copper.
B)lead.
C)potassium.
D)gold

Question 18

Which one or more of the following statements is/are true?

A)Metals are opaque to light.
B)Metals conduct electric current well.
C)Nonmetals conduct heat well.
D)Solid nonmetals are brittle.
E)Both A, B and D

Question 19

The least active of the following nonmetals is

A)helium.
B)carbon.
C)chlorine.
D)oxygen.

Question 20

The most active of the following metals is

A)copper.
B)lead.
C)potassium.
D)gold.

Question 21

The number of atoms in a molecule of Ca₃(PO₄)₂ is

A)8.
B)12.
C)13.
D)16.

Question 22

When a molecule breaks up into its constituent atoms,

A)energy is absorbed.
B)energy is given off.
C)there is no energy change.
D)any of these choices could be correct, depending on the molecule.

Question 23

Ionic compounds in the solid state

A)always consist of molecules.
B)sometimes consist of molecules.
C)never consist of molecules.
D)never occur as crystals.

Question 24

A horizontal row in the periodic table is called a

A)shell.
B)subshell.
C)group.
D)period.

Question 25

In a covalent compound

A)electrons are shifted from one atom to another.
B)only atoms of the same element are present.
C)there must be at least one carbon atom.
D)adjacent atoms share electron pairs.

Question 26

An atom whose outer electron shell is filled is

A)a halogen.
B)an active metal.
C)an inactive metal.
D)an inert gas.

Question 27

The number of hydrogen atoms in a molecule of ammonium sulfide, (NH₄)₂S, is

A)2.
B)4.
C)6.
D)8.

Question 28

The number of compounds that carbon and oxygen can form is

A)1.
B)2.
C)3.
D)4.

Question 29

A molecule that does not contain a polar covalent bond is

A)CO.
B)BrF.
C)HI.
D)Cl₂.

Question 30

Atoms of two different elements

A)may form no compounds together.
B)can form only one compound together.
C)can always form more than one compound together.
D)must form ions of the same charge if they are to form a compound together.

Question 31

An atom whose outer electron shell lacks one electron from being filled is

A)a halogen.
B)an active metal.
C)an inactive metal.
D)an inert gas.

Question 32

The name of the compound Ca₃N₂ is

A)calcium nitride.
B)calcium nitrate.
C)calcium nitrite.
D)calcium trinitride.

Question 33

Organic compounds

A)are covalent and contain carbon.
B)are covalent and may contain carbon.
C)contain carbon and may be covalent.
D)may contain carbon and may be covalent.

Question 34

An element that can form an ionic compound with oxygen is

A)carbon.
B)calcium.
C)nitrogen.
D)neon.

Question 35

The inert gases

A)have the same atomic number.
B)are in the same period of the periodic table.
C)are in the same group of the periodic table.
D)join in pairs to form diatomic molecules.

Question 36

Each electron shell in an atom contains

A)the same number of electrons as all its other shells.
B)electrons whose energies are exactly the same.
C)electrons with the same principal quantum number n.
D)electrons with the same probability clouds.

Question 37

Each horizontal row of the periodic table includes elements with chemical characteristics that are, in general,

A)identical.
B)similar.
C)different.
D)sometimes similar and sometimes different.

Question 38

A compound whose name ends in -ate always contains

A)hydrogen.
B)oxygen.
C)one or more hydroxide groups.
D)only two elements.

Question 39

A family of elements whose atoms react by picking up electrons is the

A)alkali metals.
B)halogens.
C)transition metals.
D)inert gases.

Question 40

The number of hydrogen atoms in a molecule of C₃H₅(OH)₃ is

A)2.
B)6.
C)8.
D)18.

Question 41

The missing number in the equation 6H₃BO₃ $\rarr$ H₄B₆O₁₁ + ( )H₂O is

A)1.
B)6.
C)7.
D)14.

Question 42

The number of H₂O molecules needed to react with 1 atom of Be to form H₂ and Ba(OH)₂ is

A)1.
B)2.
C)4.
D)8.

Question 43

The number of units of NaOH needed to react with 1 unit of H₃PO₄ to form Na₃PO₄ and H₂O is

A)1.
B)2.
C)3.
D)4.

Question 44

The chromate ion has the formula CrO₄^2-.The formula of tin(I) chromate is

A)SnCrO₄.
B)Sn₂CrO₄.
C)Sn(CrO₄)₂.
D)Sn₂(CrO₄)₂.

Question 45

The ion of the hydroxide group has the symbol

A)OH.
B)OH⁺.
C)OH^-.
D)H₂O^-.

Question 46

Potassium forms K⁺ ions and sulfur forms S^2- ions.The formula of potassium sulfide is

A)KS.
B)K₂S.
C)KS₂.
D)K₂S₂.

Question 47

The charge on halogen ions is

A)+1.
B)+2.
C)-1.
D)-2.

Question 48

The missing number in the equation ( )C₄H₁₀ + 13O₂ $\rarr$ 8CO₂ + 10H₂O is

A)1.
B)2.
C)3.
D)4.

Question 49

The charge on alkali metal ions is

A)+1.
B)+2.
C)-1.
D)-2.

Question 50

AgNO₃ reacts with CaCl₂ to form AgCl and Cu(NO₃)₂.The number of units of AgNO₃ needed to form one unit of Cu(NO₃)₂ in this reaction is

A)1.
B)2.
C)3.
D)4.

Question 51

Chlorine forms Cl^- ions.The compound FeCl₃ is called

A)iron (I) chloride.
B)iron (III) chloride.
C)iron (I) chlorate.
D)iron (III) chlorate.

Question 52

The missing number in the equation 2HNO₃ + Ca(OH)₂ $\rarr$ Ca(NO₃)₂ + ( )H₂O is

A)1.
B)2.
C)3.
D)4.

Question 53

Which one or more of the following equations is (are) balanced?

A)PCl₂ + 4H₂O $\rarr$ H₃PO₄ + 5HCl
B)6H₂O + 6CO₂ $\rarr$ C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
C)C₇H₁₆ + 11O₂ $\rarr$ 7CO₂ + 8H₂O
D)Fe₃O₄ + 4H₂ $\rarr$ 3Fe + 4H₂O
E)Both B, C and D