Deck 7: The Blood, Lymphatic, and Immune Systems: The Essentials of the Languages of Hematology and Immunology

Question 1

The large, white blood cell that removes bacteria, foreign particles, and dead cells is known as a(n):

A)erythroblast.
B)erythrocyte.
C)neutrophil.
D)macrophage.
E)osteoblast.

Answer 1

macrophage.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a function of blood?

A)Maintaining body temperature
B)Transporting nutrients
C)Producing albumin
D)Forming clots
E)Regulating pH and osmosis

Answer 2

Producing albumin

Question 3

A hematologist would care for a patient with which of the following diseases?

A)Fourth degree skin burn
B)Endocarditis
C)Pancytopenia
D)Papule
E)Comminuted fracture

Answer 3

Pancytopenia

Question 4

Which of the following items are NOT dissolved in plasma?

A)Nutrients
B)Red blood cells
C)Waste products
D)Hormones
E)Enzymes

Question 5

In the term hemoglobin, what does hemo- refer to?

A)Protein
B)Nutrients
C)Blood
D)Clotting
E)Indicator

Question 6

Which of the following words means deficient in oxygen?

A)Occult
B)Hypotension
C)Hypoxic
D)Cyanosis
E)Hypochondriac

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true regarding blood plasma?

A)It makes up 22% of the proteins in the blood.
B)Plasma is 91% water.
C)Nutrients do not dissolve in plasma.
D)Plasma does not contain suspended particles.
E)Plasma is a cloudy, whitish liquid.

Question 8

In the word, hemoglobinopathy, what does the suffix mean?

A)Blood
B)Pertaining to
C)Protein
D)Disease
E)Hidden

Question 9

Which of the following words has a suffix that means destruction?

A)Anemia
B)Viscosity
C)Pallor
D)Erythroblast
E)Hemolysis

Question 10

Which of the following word elements refers to blood?

A)erythr/o
B)leuk/o
C)-cyte
D)-osis
E)-emia

Question 11

What is the advantage of the biconcave shape of the red blood cell?

A)The shape makes the cell more resistant to stress.
B)The shape enables a more rapid flow of gases into and out of the cell.
C)The shape occurs because the red blood cell has no nucleus.
D)The shape serves as a means to control the amount of water entering the cell.
E)The shape is unique in that all other cells are more rounded.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT transported by the blood?

A)Hormones
B)Waste products
C)Oxygen
D)Pallor
E)Minerals

Question 13

What does the prefix of the word anemia mean?

A)Red
B)Without
C)Blood
D)Less than
E)Under

Question 14

Which of the following words means sticking together to form clumps?

A)Hemolysis
B)Agglutination
C)Anemia
D)Macrocytosis
E)Incompatible

Question 15

Alice Adams is an African-American who suffers from a chronic illness that causes her blood to have abnormally shaped cells that become sticky, clump together, and block capillaries in her body.What is the medical term for her illness?

A)Pernicious anemia
B)Erythroblastosis
C)Hemolytic anemia
D)Sickle cell anemia
E)Arthritic anemia

Question 16

What gives red blood cells the red color?

A)Hematocrit
B)Eosinophils
C)Hemoglobin
D)Hemoptysis
E)Hematemesis

Question 17

Serum is identical to plasma except that it does NOT contain which item(s)?

A)Albumin
B)Globulin
C)Waste products
D)Clotting proteins
E)Hormones

Question 18

Which of the following words refers to the protein component of a clot?

A)Index
B)Parenteral
C)Fibrin
D)Microcytic
E)Globulin

Question 19

Which term means the percentage of total blood volume composed of red blood cells?

A)Hematocrit
B)Hemoglobin
C)Complete blood count
D)Partial prothrombin
E)Hemoptysis

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT true of the red blood cell?

A)It transports oxygen.
B)It transports carbon dioxide.
C)It transports nitric oxide.
D)It lives 120 days.
E)It produces antibodies.

Question 21

Which of the following words refers to paleness of the skin?

A)Cyanosis
B)Jaundice
C)Turgor
D)Pallor
E)Erythema

Question 22

What does the suffix -phil mean?

A)Basic
B)Attraction
C)Cell
D)Structure
E)White

Question 23

In the term agranulocyte, what does the prefix mean?

A)To age
B)Granules
C)Cell
D)Without, not
E)White

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT part of the body's attempts to control or stop bleeding?

A)Production of antibodies
B)Vascular spasm
C)Binding and adhesion of platelets
D)Production of molecules that make prothrombin
E)Strands of fibrin working to pull the clot fibers closer together

Question 25

Which of the following terms has a suffix that means deficiency?

A)Antibody
B)Polymorphonuclear
C)Neutropenia
D)Hypoxic
E)Erythroblast

Question 26

What is the correct spelling of the term for cancer of the blood forming tissues?

A)Leukemia
B)Lukemia
C)Leucopenia
D)Lucopenia
E)Lukocytosis

Question 27

What are the two main lymphocytes?

A)B cells and E cells
B)T cells and B cells
C)A cells and E cells
D)A+ and O+ cells
E)C cells and T cells

Question 28

Which type of laboratory report lists the percentages of the various kinds of leukocytes in a blood sample?

A)Differential white blood cell count
B)Hematocrit
C)Hemoglobin
D)Red blood count
E)Prothrombin time

Question 29

Where are antigen A and antigen B located?

A)On the surface of the red blood cell
B)On the surface of the white blood cell
C)In the plasma
D)Inside the erythrocytes
E)Inside the T-cells

Question 30

In the medical term hemoglobin the meaning of the suffix is:

A)fluid.
B)blood.
C)clot.
D)nucleus.
E)protein.

Question 31

What do all antibodies have in common?

A)They are immunoglobulins.
B)They are produced by erythrocytes.
C)They are stored in the liver.
D)They pick up a rosy-red stain in the laboratory.
E)They contain multiple, small granules in the cytoplasm.

Question 32

Which of the following terms has a word element meaning clot?

A)Erythrocytes
B)Pernicious
C)Thrombocytopenia
D)Aplastic
E)Mononucleosis

Question 33

What findings in the laboratory blood study indicate that an acute infection may be present?

A)Elevated red blood cell count
B)Leukocytosis
C)Pancytopenia
D)Erythropenia
E)Polycythemia

Question 34

A colloid is described as:

A)cells without grains in the cytoplasm.
B)the oxygen caring component of a cell.
C)essential organic substance necessary for normal cell function.
D)cells with grains in the cytoplasm.
E)liquid containing suspended particles.

Question 35

What is another term for platelet?

A)Thrombocyte
B)Monocyte
C)Erythrocyte
D)Leukocyte
E)Fibroblast

Question 36

Which type of anemia is a result of vitamin B₁₂ deficiency?

A)Sickle cell anemia
B)Pernicious anemia
C)Hemolytic anemia
D)Hematopoietic anemia
E)Aplastic anemia

Question 37

Which white blood cells increase dramatically in bacterial infections?

A)Neutrophils
B)Eosinophils
C)Basophils
D)Monocytes
E)Lymphocytes

Question 38

Which of the following does NOT influence red blood cell production?

A)Glucose
B)Iron
C)Folic acid
D)Amino acids
E)Vitamin B₁₂

Question 39

What is the medical term for a specific protein evoked by an antigen?

A)Heparin
B)Globin
C)Monocyte
D)Antibody
E)Basophil

Question 40

Which of the following is an agranulocyte?

A)Neutrophil
B)Erythrocyte
C)Eosinophil
D)Monocyte
E)Basophil

Question 41

What is the abbreviation for immunoglobulin?

A)I
B)Ig
C)IM
D)Im
E)IMG

Question 42

What happens to the red blood cells in hemolytic disease of the newborn?

A)Excessive destruction of the red blood cells.
B)Diminished production of red blood cells.
C)Abnormally shaped red blood cells.
D)Excessive number of immature red blood cells.
E)Excessive production of red blood cells.

Question 43

What happens to the body with a weakened immune system?

A)Red blood cell count goes up.
B)There is a deficient defense against pathogens invading the body.
C)White blood cell count goes down.
D)Lower blood volume.
E)Patient loses weight.

Question 44

Which of the following words has an element that means blood?

A)Hemostasis
B)Fibroblast
C)Thrombocyte
D)Coagulation
E)Platelet

Question 45

Mrs.Jones is to have hip surgery next Tuesday.She and her doctor discussed using an autologous blood transfusion.What does this mean for Mrs.Jones?

A)The blood transfusion Mrs.Jones receives from another donor will be tested to assure compatibility with her own blood.
B)Mrs.Jones will be receiving both blood and a plasma expander to maintain her blood pressure.
C)Mrs.Jones will be receiving her own blood, which she donated and stored before her surgery.
D)Mrs.Jones will be recruiting a blood donor so that she is assured of the donor's good health.
E)The blood that will be used for the transfusion will be automatically dispensed from the blood bank.

Question 46

In most hypersensitivity reactions, allergens stimulate the cells to produce:

A)edema.
B)histamine.
C)insulin.
D)enzymes.
E)hormones.

Question 47

What is the medical term for the word bruise?

A)Embolus
B)Thrombus
C)Hematoma
D)Epistaxis
E)Wheal

Question 48

What is the term for an excessive number of white blood cells?

A)Leukocytosis
B)Leukopenia
C)Leukoneogenesis
D)Leukoblastosis
E)Leukomyocytosis

Question 49

What is the term for the study of blood disorders?

A)Cytology
B)Hematology
C)Histology
D)Plasmology
E)Immunology

Question 50

What is not true about complement fixation?

A)The complement system is a group of 20 or more proteins.
B)The complement system is continually present in blood plasma.
C)Complement binds to an invading cell and leads to its destruction.
D)Immunoglobulins bind to foreign cells and initiate the complement response.
E)Complement fixation occurs in the digestive system.

Question 51

What does a fibroblast do?

A)Ingests debris
B)Produces new platelets
C)Forms fibrin
D)Attaches to a diseased blood vessel as a clot
E)Forms collagen fibers

Question 52

James Johnson has inherited a blood condition from his mother.He has a deficiency in the coagulation factor called factor VIII.The medical name of Mr.Johnson's condition is:

A)von Willebrand disease.
B)leukemia.
C)hemophilia.
D)thrombocytopenia.
E)malaria.

Question 53

What is the term for a cancer of the skin often seen in AIDS patients?

A)Shiley sarcoma
B)Crohn blastoma
C)von Willebrand adenoma
D)Kaposi sarcoma
E)Fowler carcinoma

Question 54

Which of the following terms refers to the process of blood clotting?

A)Coagulation
B)Agglutination
C)Extravasation
D)Evisceration
E)Mastication

Question 55

What term is derived from a Greek word meaning plug or stopper?

A)Warfarin
B)Fibrin
C)Thrombus
D)Embolus
E)Clot

Question 56

What condition occurs when the clotting mechanism is activated simultaneously throughout the cardiovascular system?

A)Thrombocytopenia
B)Purpura
C)Von Willebrand disease
D)Disseminated intravascular coagulation
E)Glomerulonephritis

Question 57

Which of the following words has an element that refers to color?

A)Thrombocyte
B)Epistaxis
C)Extravasation
D)Hematoma
E)Erythema

Question 58

What does the term dormant mean?

A)Productive
B)Hibernating
C)Inactive
D)Formative
E)Nonproductive

Question 59

Which blood component plays a key role in hemostasis?

A)Erythrocytes
B)Thrombocytes
C)Leukocytes
D)Granulocytes
E)Globulins

Question 60

Which of the following is NOT a common means of transmission of HIV?

A)Sexual intercourse
B)Mosquito bite
C)Sharing needles
D)Contaminated blood products
E)Transplacental

Question 61

When interstitial fluid enters the lymphatic capillaries, it is known as:

A)debris.
B)a solution.
C)lymph.
D)plasma.
E)a colloid.

Question 62

Clusters of lymphocytes and other cells that are constant features in the lymph nodes, and the tonsils are called lymphatic:

A)fibroblasts.
B)plasma cells.
C)plasminogen.
D)helper cells.
E)follicles.

Question 63

What is the medical term that means the state of being protected?

A)Immunology
B)Immunize
C)Immunity
D)Immunologist
E)Immunosuppressed

Question 64

What medical term means to make resistant to an infectious disease?

A)Inoculate
B)Immunize
C)Inject
D)Parenteral
E)Antibody

Question 65

Where do B lymphocyte cells (B cells) mature?

A)In the spleen
B)In the lymph node
C)In the pancreas
D)In the thymus
E)In the bone marrow

Question 66

The lymphatic system absorbs excess interstitial fluid and returns it to what area?

A)The kidney
B)The liver
C)The stomach
D)The intestine
E)The bloodstream

Question 67

Which of the following is the largest lymphatic organ?

A)The tonsils
B)The adenoids
C)The spleen
D)The liver
E)The pancreas

Question 68

What is the term for an immediate, severe, allergic response?

A)Autoimmune
B)Evisceration
C)Hemorrhage
D)Anaphylaxis
E)Wheals

Question 69

What is removed from the tissues by the lymphatic system?

A)Serum
B)Albumin
C)Macrophages
D)Cellular debris
E)Vitamins

Question 70

The organ that serves as a reservoir for red blood cells and platelets is the:

A)tonsils.
B)liver.
C)pancreas.
D)heart.
E)spleen.

Question 71

What are the areas of concentration of the lymph nodes?

A)Neck, axilla, and groin
B)Along the blood capillaries
C)Near the joints
D)In the soft tissues of the low back
E)Throughout the abdomen

Question 72

What is the name of a preparation to generate active immunity?

A)Autoimmune
B)Hypersensitivity
C)Tincture
D)Solution
E)Vaccine

Question 73

Where are the lymphatic capillaries and vessels located?

A)In the bone marrow
B)Along the spinal cord
C)In the bones of the body
D)In the interstitial spaces
E)In the cartilage

Question 74

Which of the following are found in the lymph nodes and break down the foreign matter that enters the body?

A)T cells
B)Helper cells
C)Filters
D)Macrophages
E)Leukocytes

Question 75

What is the term for an exaggerated, abnormal reaction to an allergen?

A)Attenuation
B)Hyperimmune
C)Anaphylaxis
D)Histamine
E)Hypersensitivity

Question 76

What is immunodeficiency?

A)Lack of immunity to all antigens.
B)No production of leukocytes.
C)Failure of the immune system.
D)Erythrocyte failure.
E)An immune response to the body's own tissues.

Question 77

The T in T cells stands for what?

A)Thymus
B)Timely
C)Total
D)Thorax
E)Tester

Question 78

The right lymphatic duct drains into which structure?

A)Right atrium
B)Right subclavian vein
C)Right ventricle
D)Right inferior vena cava
E)Right jugular vein

Question 79

What is the medical term for a substance that produces hypersensitivity?

A)Irritant
B)Chemical
C)Pollen
D)Allergy
E)Allergen

Question 80

What is the meaning of the Latin origin for the term immune?

A)Protected from
B)Reaction
C)To build up
D)Inside cells
E)Against