Deck 10: The Cardiovascular System-Blood

Question 1

All of the following terms mean blood except which one?

A) All of the answer choices are correct.
B) hemat/o
C) hem/o
D) leuk/o

Answer 1

D
Explanation: The combining forms hemat/o and hem/o mean blood, leuk/o means white.

Question 2

Which statement about plasma is false?

A) Plasma contains regulatory substances used for communication.
B) Dissolved proteins make up 7% of plasma.
C) Ions and nutrients are found in plasma.
D) Plasma is free of waste products.

Answer 2

D
Explanation: Two percent of plasma is composed of ions, nutrients and waste products from metabolic reactions.

Question 3

Which of the following combining forms means blood?

A) agglutin/o
B) erythr/o
C) hemat/o
D) phag/o

Answer 3

C
Explanation: The combining form hemat/o means blood.

Question 4

All of the following are leukocytes except which one?

A) Thrombocytes
B) Neutrophils
C) Basophils
D) Lymphocytes

Question 5

What is serum?

A) Another name for plasma
B) Plasma with clotting factors removed
C) Plasma with globulins removed
D) Neither answer is correct.

Question 6

Which of the following combining forms means red?

A) agglutin/o
B) erythr/o
C) hemat/o
D) phag/o

Question 7

Which of the following is considered a formed element of blood?

A) Red blood cells
B) White blood cells
C) All of the answers are correct.
D) Platelets

Question 8

Which of the following leukocytes become macrophages and phagocytize dead and dying tissue,microorganisms,and any other foreign matter or debris?

A) Eosinophils
B) Monocytes
C) Basophils
D) Lymphocytes

Question 9

Which of the following leukocytes attack parasitic worms?

A) Eosinophils
B) Monocytes
C) Basophils
D) Lymphocytes

Question 10

What term describes the antibodies found in plasma?

A) Albumin
B) Globulin
C) Fibrinogen and clotting factors
D) Water

Question 11

Which of the following combining forms means primitive?

A) blast/o
B) erythr/o
C) hemat/o
D) phag/o

Question 12

If you spin a tube of blood in a centrifuge,which component of the blood is the most abundant?

A) Red blood cells
B) White blood cells
C) Plasma
D) Platelets

Question 13

If you spin a tube of blood in a centrifuge,which component of the blood is the heaviest?

A) Red blood cells
B) White blood cells
C) Plasma
D) Platelets

Question 14

What is the most abundant component of plasma?

A) Albumin
B) Globulin
C) Fibrinogen and clotting factors
D) Water

Question 15

All of the following terms mean clot except which one?

A) agglutin/o
B) thromb/o
C) coagul/o
D) All of the answers mean clot.

Question 16

Which of the following leukocytes releases histamine to promote inflammation and heparin as an anticoagulant?

A) Eosinophils
B) Neutrophils
C) Basophils
D) Lymphocytes

Question 17

Which of the following combining forms means eat or swallow?

A) agglutin/o
B) erythr/o
C) hemat/o
D) phag/o

Question 18

Which of the following would not be considered a formed element of blood?

A) Red blood cells
B) White blood cells
C) Plasma
D) Platelets

Question 19

If you spin a tube of blood in a centrifuge,what is the top straw colored layer composed of?

A) Red blood cells
B) White blood cells
C) Plasma
D) Platelets

Question 20

If you spin a tube of blood in a centrifuge,what is the bottom layer composed of?

A) Red blood cells
B) White blood cells
C) Plasma
D) Platelets

Question 21

What makes hemoglobin a buffer?

A) Hemoglobin transports oxygen from the lungs to the tissues.
B) Hemoglobin binds H⁺ ions.
C) Hemoglobin transports carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs.
D) All of these answers are correct.

Question 22

What factor causes the production of red blood cells?

A) Thrombopoietin
B) Colony stimulating factors
C) Erythropoietin
D) A low number of circulating RBCs

Question 23

Which organs function to remove old,worn out red blood cells?

A) Liver and kidney
B) Liver and spleen
C) Spleen and kidney
D) Liver and bone marrow

Question 24

What produces thrombopoietin?

A) Kidney
B) Lymphocytes
C) Erythrocyte
D) Bone marrow

Question 25

Which statement about erythrocytes is true?

A) Erythrocytes function to fight off infection.
B) Erythrocytes are round, multinucleated cells.
C) Erythrocytes function to transport oxygen and carbon monoxide.
D) Erythrocytes are biconcave in shape.

Question 26

All of the following are types of hemopoiesis except which one?

A) Thrombopoiesis
B) Leukopoiesis
C) Erythropoiesis
D) All of these are types of hemopoiesis.

Question 27

Hemoglobin transports all of the following except which one?

A) Oxygen
B) Hydrogen ions
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Hydroxyl ions

Question 28

What is the RDA for iron?

A) 25 mg/day
B) 18 mg/day
C) 100 mg/day
D) 8 mg/day

Question 29

Which nutrient important to the blood helps the enzymes necessary to produce hemoglobin?

A) Folic acid
B) Vitamin B ₁₂
C) Copper
D) Iron

Question 30

What is the function of thrombocytes?

A) To fight off infection
B) To transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
C) To form platelet plugs and release clotting factors
D) All of these answers are correct.

Question 31

What disorder is characterized by an alternative form of hemoglobin that changes the shape of the red blood cell?

A) Sickle cell
B) Hypoxia
C) Thrombocytopenia
D) Hemophilia

Question 32

All of the following cells in the blood have DNA except which one?

A) Neutrophils
B) Monocytes
C) Erythrocytes
D) Lymphocytes

Question 33

Which statement about hemoglobin is true?

A) The cytoplasm of white blood cells contains hemoglobin.
B) Hemoglobin is a complex protein made of 5 chains of amino acids called globins.
C) Each globin chain on a hemoglobin molecule contains a heme group.
D) Each hemoglobin molecule can carry five oxygen molecules.

Question 34

Which nutrient important to the blood,allows for the hemoglobin in red blood cells to carry oxygen?

A) Folic acid
B) Vitamin B ₁₂
C) Copper
D) Iron

Question 35

All of the following nutrients are important for erythropoiesis except which one?

A) Folic acid
B) Vitamin B ₁₂
C) Copper
D) All of these nutrients are important for erythropoiesis.

Question 36

What is hemopoiesis?

A) The process of forming clots
B) The production of blood cells
C) The method leukocytes use to combat infection
D) None of these answers are correct.

Question 37

What produces colony stimulating factors?

A) Kidney
B) Lymphocytes
C) Erythrocyte
D) Bone marrow

Question 38

What happens to the four globin chains when hemoglobin is broken down by the liver and spleen?

A) They are secreted into bile.
B) They are broken down to form iron.
C) They are considered a waste product and removed from the body.
D) They are broken down to free amino acids which are then recycled to the bone marrow.

Question 39

How long do red blood cells typically survive?

A) 50-70 days
B) 80-100 days
C) 110-120 days
D) 130-140 days

Question 40

Which of the following leukocytes is the most abundant in circulating blood?

A) Neutrophils
B) Monocytes
C) Basophils
D) Lymphocytes

Question 41

If Amy has type AB blood,what blood type can she receive?

A) A
B) B
C) AB
D) All the answers are correct.

Question 42

Which blood type is considered the universal recipient because people with this blood type can accept blood from anyone?

A) A
B) B
C) O
D) AB

Question 43

How is blood type determined?

A) By the antibodies on the blood cell's surface.
B) By the antigens on the blood cell's surface
C) By the genes in the blood cell's nucleus
D) By the globulins on the blood cell's surface

Question 44

Which of the following is true regarding the elimination of clots?

A) Plasmin is changed to plasminogen to help dissolve the clot.
B) The process of dissolving clots is called fibrinolysis.
C) The clot is necessary once a vessel has healed.
D) The process of dissolving clots is called anticoagulation.

Question 45

Which term describes the prompt constriction of a broken vessel?

A) Vascular spasm
B) Platelet plug formation
C) Coagulation
D) None of these answers are correct.

Question 46

What is an embolus?

A) A moving, unnecessary clot
B) Clot formation in a broken vessel
C) A stationary, unnecessary clot
D) None of these answers are correct.

Question 47

Which of the following statements is false?

A) The extrinsic pathway of blood clotting is begun by damaged tissues.
B) The intrinsic and extrinsic pathway of blood clotting is begun by damaged tissues.
C) The intrinsic and extrinsic pathway of blood clotting requires calcium.
D) The intrinsic and extrinsic pathway of blood clotting requires clotting factors.

Question 48

What is a thrombus?

A) A moving, unnecessary clot
B) Clot formation in a broken vessel
C) A stationary, unnecessary clot
D) None of these answers are correct.

Question 49

Which of the following regarding transfusion compatibility is false?

A) The donor's cells must survive the recipient's antibodies.
B) The recipient's cells must survive the donor's antibodies.
C) Both statements are false.
D) Neither statement is false.

Question 50

All of the following are antigens found on the surface of the RBC except which one?

A) A^-
B) B⁺
C) O
D) AB^+-

Question 51

What is the process of dissolving an unnecessary blood clot?

A) Clot retraction
B) Fibrinolysis
C) Anticoagulation
D) Hemostasis

Question 52

What happens to the heme when hemoglobin is broken down by the liver and spleen?

A) It is secreted into bile.
B) It is broken down to form iron.
C) It is considered a waste product and removed from the body.
D) It is broken down to iron and bilirubin.

Question 53

Which term describes blood clotting?

A) Vascular spasm
B) Platelet plug formation
C) Coagulation
D) None of these answersare correct.

Question 54

If a pregnant woman is Rh^- ,which of the following statements is true about her blood?

A) She does not have Anti-Rh antibodies.
B) She will develop Anti-Rh antibodies if she carries an Rh⁺ child.
C) She will not develop Anti-Rh antibodies if she carries an Rh^- child.
D) All of the statements are true.

Question 55

Which blood type is considered a universal donor because it can be given to anyone?

A) A
B) B
C) O
D) AB

Question 56

Which of the following describes mechanisms that prevent inappropriate clotting?

A) Vessels coated with a platelet repellent to prevent them from sticking to vessel walls
B) Circulation dilutes thrombin in the blood.
C) Anticoagulants interfere with pathways of clotting.
D) All of the answer choices are correct.

Question 57

How is blood type determined?

A) By mixing the white blood cells of two different blood types together to see if agglutination occurs
B) By mixing blood with antibodies to see if agglutination occurs
C) By mixing the serum of blood with different types of serum to see if agglutination occurs
D) By mixing the red blood cells of two different blood types together to see if agglutination occurs

Question 58

What is the correct order of hemostasis?

A) Vascular spasm- platelet plug formation- coagulation
B) Platelet plug formation- coagulation- vascular spasm
C) Vascular spasm- coagulation- platelet plug formation
D) Coagulation- vascular spasm- platelet plug formation

Question 59

If Diane has type O blood,what type of blood can she receive?

A) A
B) B
C) O
D) AB

Question 60

What happens when two non-compatible blood types are mixed together?

A) Platelet plug formation
B) Vascular spasm
C) Coagulation
D) Agglutination

Question 61

Which diagnostic test collects and analyzes cerebrospinal fluid for the presence of white blood cells?

A) Lumbar puncture
B) Partial thromboplastin time
C) Bone marrow biopsy
D) White blood cell differential

Question 62

What type of anemia can be caused by the lack of intrinsic factor from the stomach that allows vitamin B₁₂ to be absorbed?

A) Iron deficiency anemia
B) Pernicious anemia
C) Aplastic anemia
D) Hemolytic anemia

Question 63

What type of anemia can be caused by the destruction of red blood cells?

A) Iron deficiency anemia
B) Pernicious anemia
C) Aplastic anemia
D) Hemolytic anemia

Question 64

What type of leukemia usually occurs in adults over 70 years of age?

A) Acute myeloid leukemia
B) Chronic myeloid leukemia
C) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
D) Chronic lymphoblastic leukemia

Question 65

All of the following are functions of the blood except which one?

A) Transportation
B) Protection
C) Regulation
D) Communication

Question 66

What role do white blood cells play in the various functions of the blood?

A) Transportation
B) Protection
C) Regulation
D) Communication

Question 67

What is considered a normal platelet count?

A) 3,540-9,060/mm³ of blood
B) 4.00-5.20 million/mm³ of blood
C) 165,000-415,000/mm³ of blood
D) 3,540-9,060/mm³ of blood

Question 68

Which disorder results from insufficient red blood cells or hemoglobin to carry enough oxygen to maintain homeostasis?

A) Polycythemia
B) Anemia
C) Hemophilia
D) Thrombocytopenia

Question 69

What role do red blood cells play in the various functions of the blood?

A) Transportation
B) Both answers are correct.
C) Regulation
D) Neither answer is correct.

Question 70

What blood test measures the percentage of erythrocytes to whole blood?

A) Hematocrit
B) Hemoglobin
C) Red blood cell count
D) White blood cell count

Question 71

Which disorder is not considered a cancer of the blood?

A) Acute myeloid leukemia
B) Thrombocytopenia
C) Primary polycythemia
D) Chronic lymphoblastic leukemia

Question 72

Which disorder is characterized by a low platelet count?

A) Polycythemia
B) Anemia
C) Hemophilia
D) Thrombocytopenia

Question 73

Which diagnostic test evaluates the function of clotting factors within the blood?

A) Prothrombin time
B) Partial thromboplastin time
C) Bone marrow biopsy
D) Platelet count

Question 74

What blood test gives a percentage of each leukocyte of the total number of leukocytes in the blood?

A) Hematocrit
B) Hemoglobin
C) White blood cell differential
D) White blood cell count

Question 75

What is considered a normal white blood cell count?

A) 3,540-9,060/mm³ of blood
B) 4.00-5.20 million/mm³ of blood
C) 165,000-415,000/mm³ of blood
D) 540-9,060/mm³ of blood

Question 76

Which disorder is an inherited disorder characterized by the inability to make one or more clotting factors?

A) Polycythemia
B) Anemia
C) Hemophilia
D) Thrombocytopenia

Question 77

Which disorder describes a condition of too many blood cells?

A) Polycythemia
B) Anemia
C) Hemophilia
D) Thrombocytopenia

Question 78

What type of leukemia usually occurs in children?

A) Acute myeloid leukemia
B) Chronic myeloid leukemia
C) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
D) Chronic lymphoblastic leukemia

Question 79

What blood test measures the number of leukocytes in the blood?

A) Hematocrit
B) Hemoglobin
C) Red blood cell count
D) White blood cell count