Deck 33: Plant Form and Function

Question 1

Within the epidermis of leaves are ______________ through which gases,such as carbon dioxide and oxygen,pass.

A) vessel elements
B) trichomes
C) stomata
D) root hairs

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Leaf blades grow larger as a result of cell division in the:

A) apical meristems
B) marginal meristems
C) lateral meristems
D) All of these are correct.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

____________ are outgrowths of the epidermis that occur on the shoot.

A) Root hairs
B) Sieve cells
C) Cuticle
D) Trichomes

Answer 3

D

Question 4

__________________ cells lack cytoplasm at maturity,are tough and thick-walled,and serve to strengthen tissues.

A) Parenchyma
B) Collenchyma
C) Sclerenchyma
D) Meristem

Question 5

The major purpose for stems appears to be:

A) to serve as a framework for the positioning of leaves
B) to provide shelter for animals in a coevolutionary relationship
C) to provide protection of inner vascular tissue
D) to provide food for animals

Question 6

Most plants acquire minerals from:

A) rain
B) air
C) soil
D) digested insects

Question 7

Phloem of angiosperms is made up of ___________________,lined up end-to-end,forming tubes.

A) sieve cells
B) companion cells
C) sieve-tube members
D) tracheids

Question 8

In plants,primary growth occurs at a growing center called a(n):

A) apical meristem
B) lateral meristem
C) vascular cambium
D) cork cambium

Question 9

The __________________ is a waxy band of cells surrounding endodermal cells in the root.

A) cortex
B) pericycle
C) root band
D) Casparian strip

Question 10

In a mature tree,the point where the bark can be peeled off the wood is where the ________________ lies.

A) secondary xylem
B) periderm
C) cork cambium
D) vascular cambium

Question 11

The ______________ of materials moved through the phloem occurs because of water pressure.

A) growth
B) mass flow
C) stoppage
D) inhibition

Question 12

The growing center that gives rise to thick accumulations of secondary xylem and phloem is the:

A) vascular cambium
B) cork cambium
C) lateral meristem
D) apical meristem

Question 13

__________________ cells provide support for plant organs in which secondary growth has not yet occurred and are alive at maturity.

A) Parenchyma
B) Collenchyma
C) Sclerenchyma
D) Meristem

Question 14

Branch roots arise from the:

A) cortex
B) pericycle
C) root hairs
D) Casparian strip

Question 15

Of the nutrients needed for plant growth,active uptake of __________ regulates turgor pressure within cells of leaves.

A) carbon dioxide
B) oxygen
C) ions
D) nitrogen

Question 16

The growing center that gives rise to outer layers of bark on both root and shoots is the:

A) vascular cambium
B) cork cambium
C) lateral meristem
D) apical meristem

Question 17

The two leaflike organs which may flank the base of the petiole where it joins the stem are called:

A) blade
B) palisades
C) stipules
D) casparian strips
E) pericycle

Question 18

In plants with _______________,root hairs are less abundant because these fungal filaments take over their function for the plant.

A) lichens
B) branch roots
C) mycorrhizae
D) two pericycles

Question 19

___________________ are long,slender sclerenchyma cells that usually form strands.

A) Collenchyma cells
B) Fibers
C) Tracheids
D) Sclereids

Question 20

Which of the following form the gritty texture you feel in the flesh of pears?

A) Collenchyma cells
B) Fibers
C) Tracheids
D) Sclereids

Question 21

You cut down a tree and count 23 annual rings in the trunk.You conclude that the tree is:

A) most likely 23 years old.
B) probably 230 years old.
C) 46 years old.
D) this does not tell the age of the tree.
E) older than 46 years.

Question 22

The process by which water leaves a plant is called:

A) tension
B) translocation
C) expiration
D) transpiration
E) exhalation

Question 23

Which type of vascular tissue conducts carbohydrates?

A) Collenchyma cells
B) Sclerids
C) Xylem
D) Phloem
E) Fibers

Question 24

The two principal types of conducting cells in the xylem are _________ and ________.

A) tracheids;vessel elements
B) sieve tubes;companion cells
C) sieve cells;sieve tube members
D) guard cells;tracheids
E) protoderm cells;pericycle cells

Question 25

____________ tissue is the outer protective covering of the plant.

Question 26

Leaflets are part of a more complex leaf called a __________ leaf.

Question 27

Which of the following is a function of trichomes?

A) Regulate the temperature of the leaf
B) Regulate the water balance of the leaf
C) Secreting sticky substances to deter herbivores
D) Secreting toxic substances to deter herbivores
E) All of the choices are functions of trichomes.

Question 28

The portion of a plant that lies beneath the ground is the __________.

Question 29

________________ occur on root cells near root tips to help take up water and nutrients from the soil.

Question 30

Specialized parenchyma cells,known as ________________ cells,occur along with sieve-tube members.

Question 31

Which of the following keeps water from penetrating the vascular cylinder and forces the water to pass through the endodermal cells?

A) Cortex
B) Pericycle
C) Root band
D) Casparian strip

Question 32

The stalk of a leaf is called the _______________.

Question 33

Which plant tissue is the least specialized and most common of all plant cell types?

A) Sclerenchyma
B) Collenchyma
C) Meristems
D) Periderm
E) Parenchyma

Question 34

The way water travels up the length of the stem is explained by the cohesion-adhesion-tension theory.

Question 35

The movement of water up through a plant is a passive process that requires no energy expenditure by the plant.

Question 36

The _______________ cambium gives rise to thick layers of secondary xylem and phloem.

Question 37

The only function of meristems is:

A) strength
B) energy production
C) to divide
D) to elongate
E) transport of nutrients

Question 38

Which of the following cells is living but their nuclei are lost during maturation?

A) Companion cells
B) Sieve cells
C) Guard cells
D) Collenchyma
E) Meristem cells

Question 39

The ___________ is a type of vascular tissue that conducts water.

Question 40

In some plants,roots may arise along the stem.These are called ________________.

Question 41

___________ is accumulated secondary xylem.

Question 42

What causes the annual rings we see in the wood of trees?

Question 43

Describe the primary growth of a stem and explain how growth of lateral shoots is suppressed.

Question 44

Explain how scientists believe plants are able to raise water to great heights at the top of the tree.

Question 45

How do plants regulate water loss?

Question 46

Describe the mechanism in which stomata open and close.