Deck 23: Circulation

Question 1

The function of lacteals is to:

A) carry dead blood cells back to the spleen for destruction
B) absorb fat from the digestive tract
C) ensure that blood does not flow backwards
D) regulate blood pressure
E) regulate the heart beat

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Platelets are important in:

A) blood clotting
B) transporting carbon dioxide
C) the cellular immune response
D) inflammation
E) All of the choices are correct.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Unlike other blood cells,certain types of _________________ are not confined to the bloodstream,but instead can squeeze through the walls of capillaries to get to where they are needed.

A) erythrocytes
B) leukocytes
C) thrombocytes
D) platelets

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Put the terms in the correct order from the heart to the body and back to the heart.

A) arteries → arterioles → capillaries → venules → veins
B) venules → arterioles → capillaries → veins → arteries
C) veins → venules → capillaries → veins → arteries
D) arteries → venules → veins → arterioles → capillaries

Question 5

Choose the function that does not characterize the vertebrate circulatory system.

A) Transportation
B) Regulation
C) Elimination
D) Protection

Question 6

When you are scared or cold and turn pale it is because the _________ in your skin are constricting.

A) veins
B) capillaries
C) venules
D) arterioles
E) arteries

Question 7

________________ is caused by an interference with the blood supply to the brain.

A) Angina pectoris
B) A stroke
C) Atherosclerosis
D) Arteriosclerosis

Question 8

When heart valves do not close fully or open incompletely,this can be heard using a stethoscope as:

A) lub dub
B) atherosclerosis
C) heart murmur
D) major heart defect

Question 9

How do veins prevent the backflow of blood within them?

A) By having thick,muscular walls
B) Because of the tiny lumen inside them
C) They are capable of contracting
D) They possess flaplike valves

Question 10

The average lifespan of a red blood cell is approximately:

A) 15 days
B) 1 month
C) 2 months
D) 4 months
E) 6 months

Question 11

Which type of blood cell mainly defends against parasites?

A) Erythrocyte
B) Neutrophil
C) Eosinophil
D) Basophil
E) Monocyte

Question 12

_________________ are the blood cells that carry oxygen throughout the body.

A) Erythrocytes
B) Leukocytes
C) Thrombocytes
D) Platelets

Question 13

Megakaryocytes:

A) are important in the immune response
B) produce fibrin for blood clotting
C) give rise to platelets
D) carry carbon dioxide in the blood

Question 14

Trace the wave of depolarization through the heart.

A) SA node → atria → ventricles → AV node → bundle of His → Purkinje fibers
B) AV node → atria → SA node → ventricles → Purkinje fibers → bundle of His
C) AV node → atria → SA node → Purkinje fibers → bundle of His → ventricles
D) SA node → atria → AV node → bundle of His → Purkinje fibers → ventricles

Question 15

Which of these is not a characteristic of an open circulatory system?

A) Found in mollusks and arthropods.
B) Contains hemolymph.
C) There is no distinction between blood and interstitial fluid or lymph.
D) Blood is enclosed within blood vessels.

Question 16

Which animal has countercurrent heat exchange to retain heat in a cold environment?

A) Bees
B) Bony fish
C) Foxes
D) Birds
E) Whales

Question 17

Exchange of nutrients and gases between tissue cells and the blood takes place through the walls of:

A) veins
B) arterioles
C) capillaries
D) venules

Question 18

After blood flows through the right ventricle of the human heart,its next major destination is:

A) the lungs
B) the arms
C) the systemic system
D) the left ventricle

Question 19

Generally speaking,gills are never complex structures.

Question 20

Blood plasma contains all of the following EXCEPT:

A) proteins
B) salts and ions
C) metabolites and wastes
D) hemoglobin

Question 21

The fraction of the total volume of the blood that is occupied by red blood cells is called the blood's hematocrit.

Question 22

Which of the following is the single most effective action a person can take to help prevent atherosclerosis?

A) Eat a diet low in saturated fat.
B) Control high blood pressure.
C) Eat a diet low in cholesterol.
D) Stop smoking.

Question 23

_________________ are blood vessels that move blood away from the heart.

Question 24

_________________ are tiny blood vessels leading away from capillaries to veins.

Question 25

All these animals have a closed circulatory system except:

A) earthworm
B) fly
C) leeches
D) camels
E) lions

Question 26

Angina pectoris is:

A) the muscle tissue that lines the left side of the heart
B) the muscle tissue that lines the right side of the heart
C) when a blood vessel bursts in the brain
D) another term for "chest pain"
E) when blood leaks back into the atria because the valves are leaky

Question 27

Which valve in the human heart prevents oxygenated blood from going back into the left atrium?

A) Bicuspid (mitral)valve
B) Aortic semilunar valve
C) Tricuspid valve
D) Pulmonary semilunar valve

Question 28

Which is incorrect about the fish heart?

A) Blood returns to the heart through veins.
B) The heartbeat sequence in the fish is maintained in vertebrates that evolved later.
C) It is a 3-chambered heart shaped like a tube.
D) The electrical impulse that produces the contraction is initiated in the sinus venosus.
E) It pumps fully oxygenated blood to the body that has passed over the gills.

Question 29

The sinoatrial node controls the heart beat.

Question 30

White blood cells are also called erythrocytes.

Question 31

Once inside the lymphatic system,tissue fluid is called ______________.

Question 32

Fibrinogen's main function is as an osmotic counterforce.

Question 33

Mollusks and arthropods have closed circulatory systems.

Question 34

All of these animals have a four-chambered heart with two separate pumping systems except:

A) hummingbirds
B) cats
C) crocodiles
D) lizards
E) elephants

Question 35

Cardiovascular disease is the second leading cause of death in the United States.

Question 36

Which animal has a gastrovascular cavity?

A) Flatworms,such as Planaria
B) Mollusks,such as clams
C) Animals,such as fish
D) Insects,like the fly

Question 37

Blood plasma is 90% water.

Question 38

In a ___________ circulatory system,blood is pumped by a heart through blood vessels.

Question 39

Which animal obtains additional oxygen by cutaneous respiration?

A) Crocodiles
B) Turtles
C) Frogs
D) Birds
E) Shrews

Question 40

What is the function of the lymphatic system?

A) To return protein to the circulation
B) To transport fats absorbed from the intestine
C) To aid in the body's defenses
D) To carry bacteria and dead blood cells to the lymph nodes and spleen
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 41

The heart valve guarding the entrance to the aorta is the _________ valve.

Question 42

How does the structure of lymphatic capillaries differ from that of capillaries of the circulatory system?

Question 43

Describe how arteries are adapted to carry high pressure blood.

Question 44

The veins leading from the lungs to the heart are the ____________ veins.

Question 45

Explain the protective functions of the vertebrate circulatory system.