Deck 22: The Animal Body and How It Moves

Question 1

The _______________ molecule hides the myosin-binding site on the actin when muscles are not contracting.

A) calcium
B) ATP
C) neurotransmitter
D) tropomyosin

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The organ system of the human body that removes metabolic wastes from the bloodstream is the _______________ system.

A) digestive
B) urinary
C) lymphatic
D) respiratory

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The first type of symmetry to develop,and seen in cnidarians,was:

A) bilateral symmetry
B) radial symmetry
C) contralateral symmetry
D) medial symmetry

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The body contains 11 different organ systems.The ___________ system is responsible for secreting the hormones that help integrate the body's activities.

A) integumentary
B) nervous
C) circulatory
D) endocrine

Question 5

__________________________ are found in soft-bodied invertebrates,such as earthworms and jellyfish.

A) Hydraulic skeletons
B) Exoskeletons
C) Endoskeletons
D) None of these is correct.

Question 6

Animals with the kind of body cavity that forms between the endoderm and mesoderm,such as nematodes,are called:

A) acoelomates
B) pseudocoelomates
C) coelomates
D) semicoelomates

Question 7

_______________________ is only a single cell layer thick and lines the major body cavities.

A) Columnar epithelium
B) Simple epithelium
C) Cuboidal epithelium
D) Stratified epithelium

Question 8

____________ are a type of connective tissue cell that secrete proteins,especially collagen,and are active in wound healing.

A) Cartilage cells
B) Erythrocytes
C) Fibroblasts
D) Bone cells

Question 9

A type of connective tissue,called __________________,stores fat.

A) adipose tissue
B) blood
C) plasma
D) cartilage

Question 10

Muscle cells are unique because of the contractible protein fibers,called _____________________,within them.

A) tropomyosin
B) sarcoplasmic reticulum
C) myofilaments
D) collagen fibers

Question 11

Evolution of segmentation in animals preceded further developments,such as:

A) more effective locomotion
B) appendages
C) survival if one segment is damaged
D) All of these are correct.

Question 12

Muscle contraction occurs because:

A) myosin filaments pull on actin filaments
B) actin filaments contact and pull on myosin filaments
C) actin filaments contact the sarcoplasmic reticulum
D) myosin filaments are stimulated by acetylcholine

Question 13

A neuron that stimulates a muscle cell is called a(n)________________.

A) association neuron
B) sensory neuron
C) motor neuron
D) myofilament

Question 14

An advantage that deuterostomes have over protostomes is that each embryonic cell retains the capacity to develop into a complete individual.

Question 15

The outer layer of bone,referred to as _______________,is dense and strong.

A) cortex
B) medulla
C) compact bone
D) spongy bone

Question 16

Special bone cells,called _____________,are responsible for laying down new bone.

A) osteoclasts
B) osteocytes
C) osteoblasts
D) Haversian canals

Question 17

_________________________ are chemicals secreted into the space between two nerve cells to transmit a message.

A) Neurotransmitters
B) Hormones
C) Synapses
D) Glia

Question 18

Choose the bone or set of bones that belong to the appendicular portion of the human skeleton.

A) Skull
B) Pelvic girdle
C) Vertebral column
D) Ribs

Question 19

The portion of a nerve cell that carries nerve impulses away from the cell is the:

A) glia
B) cell body
C) dendrite
D) axon

Question 20

The evolution of bilateral symmetry enabled animals to:

A) evolve feeding organs
B) reproduce sexually
C) evolve cephalization
D) become motile

Question 21

Which body system transports extracellular fluid and fats to the circulatory system?

A) Lymphatic
B) Endocrine
C) Skeletal
D) Integumentary
E) Digestive

Question 22

Which of the following is mismatched?

A) hydraulic skeleton - earthworm
B) endoskeleton - echinoderms
C) exoskeleton - vertebrates
D) hydraulic skeleton - jellyfish
E) exoskeleton - crustaceans

Question 23

Your quadriceps are your:

A) upper arm muscles
B) calf muscles
C) thigh muscles
D) shoulder muscles

Question 24

Which of the following is not a class of tissue?

A) Epithelial
B) Connective
C) Spongy
D) Muscle
E) Nerve

Question 25

Which is incorrect about deuterostomes?

A) The blastopore becomes the anus.
B) They undergo spiral cleavage.
C) They include the chordates.
D) They include the echinoderms.
E) They are coelomates.

Question 26

Groups of cells of the same structure and function are organized into __________.

Question 27

In which type of contraction is a force exerted by the muscle but the muscle does not shorten?

A) Isometric
B) Isotonic

Question 28

An __________________ is a group of organs that work together in the body to perform a particular function.

Question 29

All types of muscle contain actin and myosin myofilaments.

Question 30

The type of cleavage seen in deuterostomes is called _____________ cleavage.

Question 31

Sweat glands are part of the endocrine system.

Question 32

Bodies which have a right half and a left half show ________________ symmetry.

Question 33

Pseudostratified epithelium is found:

A) in the liver
B) in the glands
C) on the skin
D) lining parts of the respiratory tract
E) in the nervous tissue

Question 34

Connective tissue includes blood cells.

Question 35

All of the following make up connective tissue except:

A) cells of the immune system
B) cells of the skeletal system
C) blood
D) fat cells
E) nerve cells

Question 36

The process of muscle contraction is controlled by phosphorus concentrations in the muscle cells.

Question 37

In humans,the spine is made up of ____ vertebrae,and there are _____ pairs of ribs.

A) 20;15
B) 16;16
C) 25;12
D) 26;12
E) 27;14

Question 38

Walking and lifting objects all require this type of muscle.

A) Smooth
B) Cardiac
C) Skeletal

Question 39

Each heart muscle cell is coupled to its neighbors electrically by tiny holes called:

A) pores
B) gap junctions
C) tight junctions
D) striations
E) axons

Question 40

Columnar epithelium is found lining the:

A) stomach
B) mouth
C) glands
D) capillary walls

Question 41

Another name for red blood cells is ___________________.

Question 42

The fluid portion of blood is called __________.

Question 43

__________________ are the nerve cells of the body.

Question 44

List three major evolutionary changes that occurred in animals,leading to greater complexity and specialization.

Question 45

Describe the nature and function of connective tissues.

Question 46

___________________ surround the body as a rigid,exterior case,and are exhibited in arthropods.

Question 47

When the _________________ muscle of the leg contracts,the lower leg is moved closer to the thigh.

Question 48

The special type of muscle found only in the heart is __________ muscle.

Question 49

Explain how calcium is needed for muscle contraction.

Question 50

List the two principal types of cells of the immune system,and describe their functions.