Deck 8: Plant Systematics and Evolution

Question 1

The purpose of the voyage of the HMS Beagle was to

A)find proof of evolution.
B)discover new plants and animals for the Royal collection
C)map the coast of South America
D)start new English settlements in South America

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Linnaeus based his botanical classification scheme on

A)plant genetics.
B)stamen characteristics.
C)leaf and stem characteristics.
D)carpel characteristics
E)number and arrangement of flower parts.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Initial failure to control mealybug infestations of coffee crops in Kenya was due to

A)overuse of pesticides.
B)an identification error.
C)genetic engineering.
D)introduction of the wrong biocontrol agent.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

What was Darwin's "job" aboard the HMS Beagle?

A)naturalist
B)surveyor
C)cook
D)companion to the captain

Question 5

Which of the following is the most reliable of the species concepts?

A)morphological species concept
B)biological species concept
C)ecological species concept
D)genealogical species concept

Question 6

What was one of the observations Darwin made in the Galapagos Islands?

A)species on the island shared similarities to species on the adjacent mainland but with some distinct differences
B)species on the island did not have counterparts on the adjacent mainland as if they were separately created
C)species on the island were identical to species on the adjacent mainland but much smaller
D)there were no differences between species on the island and species on the adjacent mainland

Question 7

Approximately what percent of medicinal drugs originated from plants?

A)5
B)15
C)25
D)50
E)75

Question 8

The correct order for the botanical taxonomic hierarchy is

A)kingdom-class-division-order-family-genus-species
B)kingdom-order-family-division-class-genus-species
C)kingdom-division-class-family-order-genus-species
D)kingdom-division-class-order-family-genus-species

Question 9

Which of the following is not one of the underlying premises of Darwin's theory of natural selection?

A)all natural populations tend to overproduce
B)there is competition for scarce resources in nature
C)members in a species exhibit heritable differences
D)those individuals better adapted to their environment will survive and reproduce at a higher rate
E)the best adapted organisms are always those that are stronger or faster

Question 10

According to your textbook,in what subject area did Charles Darwin get his college degree?

A)theology
B)geology
C)biology
D)entomology
E)evolution

Question 11

Why is knowledge of biodiversity important?

A)improvement of crop breeding programs.
B)identification of species important for soil fertility.
C)identification of plant species for medicinal drugs.
D)all of these are reasons why knowledge of biodiversity is important

Question 12

Materia Medica,written by _______,was the most influential of the medical herbals from Roman times through the Middle Ages.

A)Aristotle
B)Linnaeus
C)Dioscorides
D)Pliny the Elder
E)Theophrastus

Question 13

How many species are being lost from the tropical rain forests per year?

A)90
B)900
C)9000
D)90000

Question 14

In the taxonomic hierarchy,related genera are grouped into a

A)species
B)order
C)family
D)class
E)kingdom

Question 15

Which of the following scientists adopted and popularized the Binomial System of Nomenclature?

A)Fleming
B)Darwin
C)Linnaeus
D)Mendel

Question 16

What caused Darwin to rush into publication,On the Origin of Species in 1859?

A)a letter he received outlining a theory very similar to his
B)fear of being ostracized by the Church of England
C)he was in ill health and wanted to publish before he died
D)he was deeply in debt and needed the money

Question 17

The piece missing from Darwin's theory of evolution was

A)proof that organisms actually evolve
B)an explanation for how species evolve
C)the mechanism for variation
D)data that showed populations overproduce offspring

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct way to write the binomial scientific name for red maple?

A)Acer rubrum
B)Acer rubrum
C)Acer Rubrum
D)acer rubrum.

Question 19

Which of the following is not a problem with the biological species concept?

A)many related plant species can interbreed
B)many plants within the same species cannot interbreed
C)plants in different species may be very similar morphologically
D)all of these are problems with the biological species concept

Question 20

Who among the following is considered the "Father of Botany"?

A)Aristotle
B)Linnaeus
C)Dioscorides
D)Pliny the Elder
E)Theophrastus

Question 21

The goal of PhyloCode is to offer an alternative to

A)the Linnaean nomenclature system
B)Darwin's theory of natural selection
C)genetic engineering
D)artificial selection

Question 22

__________ published On the Origin of Species in 1859 in which he presented his theory of evolution by means of natural selection.

Question 23

Scientific names are unique since a scientific name can only be assigned to a single species.

Question 24

Which of the following is a disadvantage to using DNA from organelles o obtain barcode genes?

A)organelle DNA occurs in multiple copies
B)organelle DNA is more difficult to sequence
C)trick question - no organelles have DNA
D)since organelles are inherited maternally,paternal DNA is not considered
E)organelle DNA evolves too slowly for differences to be detected

Question 25

A barcode gene used for discriminating between plant species is the _______ gene.

A)rbcL
B)nitP
C)coxL
D)brcA

Question 26

__________ is the evolutionary relationships among organisms.

Question 27

Species are fixed entities,unchanging over time.

Question 28

There is a current movement to replace the artificial Linnaean taxonomic scheme with a ______ scheme.

A)genealogical
B)phylogenetic
C)morphological
D)ecological

Question 29

A(n)_________ is a trait that promotes survival and reproductive success of an organism in a particular environment.

Question 30

The naturalist who discovered a theory of evolution very similar to Darwin's was

A)Alfred Russel Wallace
B)John Henslow
C)Carolus Linnaeus
D)George Clifford

Question 31

The theory of natural selection is

A)an educated guess
B)a well-documented explanation and a principle of biology
C)not accepted by the scientific community
D)predicted but not proven

Question 32

The phylogenetic system was a method of naming plants that included a lengthy description.

Question 33

In Linnaeus's sexual system of classification,"husband and wife have separate beds" indicates that the plant has imperfect flowers.

Question 34

Why is the coxL less useful in plants and fungi as a barcode gene?

A)plants and fungi do not produce the product of the coxL gene
B)the nucleotide sequence of this gene is too similar in plants and fungi
C)the coxL gene exists in too many copies in plants and fungi
D)plants and fungi evolve to rapidly for the gene to be of any use

Question 35

When bent grass was transplanted to soils contaminated with heavy metals,what was the result?

A)all of the transplants perished
B)all of the transplants survived
C)most of the transplants survived;a few perished
D)most of the transplants perished;a few survived

Question 36

The barcode gene used for discriminating between animals and algal species is the _______ gene.

A)rbcL
B)matK
C)coxL
D)brcA

Question 37

Which of the following is not a true clade?

A)eudicots
B)paleodicots
C)monocots
D)paleomonocots

Question 38

Cows have been breed over the years by turkey farmers to produce more milk.Some cows produce so much milk,that their enlarged udders make it difficult for the cows to walk.The increased milk production of the cows is an example of

A)recombinant DNA engineering
B)natural selection
C)artificial selection
D)sexual selection
E)animal cruelty

Question 39

What is a clade?

A)a group of individuals that share a similar morphology
B)a group of individuals that share a similar phylogeny
C)a group of individuals that interbreed successfully
D)a group of individuals that are genetically similar

Question 40

The Language of Flowers refers to a Victorian practice of writing love notes on flower petals.

Question 41

A group of organisms that can trace their descent from a single common ancestor is said to be ____________.

Question 42

_____________ is a clade-based alternative to the Linnaean binomial system.

Question 43

The difference in a barcode gene's nucleotide sequence in greater ______ species than _______ a species.