Deck 23: Fungi in the Natural Environment

Question 1

Spores of the myxomycetes are

A)haploid.
B)diploid.
C)dikaryotiC.
D)triploiD.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Fungi that are imperfect lack

A)mycelium.
B)cell walls.
C)dikaryotic nuclei.
D)sexual reproduction.
E)more than one of thesE.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

What sets the zygomycetes apart from other fungi?

A)dikaryon nuclei
B)thick-walled sexual spores
C)all zygomycetes are imperfect
D)they have an alternation of generations
E)all of these set zygomycetes apart from other fungi

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Genetically,true fungi are closest to

A)plants.
B)bacteria.
C)archaea.
D)animals.
E)protists.

Question 5

In what specific structure does meiosis take place in the ascomycetes?

A)ascus
B)ascogonium
C)ascospores
D)hymenium
E)antheridium

Question 6

This single-celled organism has haploid biflagellated zoospores and antheridia that flank the oogonium.The hyphae are nonseptate.This single-celled organism belongs in the Division

A)Basidiomycetes.
B)Ascomycetes.
C)Zygomycetes.
D)Myxomycetes.
E)Oomycetes.

Question 7

In most sexually reproducing fungi,what event immediately follows plasmogamy?

A)meiosis
B)mitosis
C)karyogamy
D)syngamy
E)isogamy

Question 8

The myxomycetes are most like fungi in their ______ stage.

A)feeding.
B)reproductive.
C)swarming.
D)dormant.

Question 9

Endomycorrhizal fungi are members of the

A)basidiomycetes.
B)ascomycetes.
C)zygomycetes.
D)chytridiomycetes.
E)glomeromycetes.

Question 10

What is the primary characteristic of yeast?

A)They reproduce by budding.
B)They have nonseptate hyphae.
C)Their cells are dikaryotiC.
D)All of these are primary characteristics of yeast.

Question 11

What characteristic do chytridiomycetes share with land plants?

A)cellulose cell walls
B)flagellated sperm
C)an alternation of generations
D)true roots
E)chytridiomycetes share all of these characteristics with land plants

Question 12

If a basidiomycete has a diploid number of 12,what is the ploidy number immediately after karyogamy?

A)12
B)6
C)6 + 6
D)12 + 12
E)24

Question 13

Hyphae is to mycelium as

A)leaves are to a branch.
B)roots are to a root system.
C)apples are to an apple tree.
D)root hairs are to a root.
E)phloem is to a vascular bundlE.

Question 14

In which of the following divisions is the species that is the cause of late blight of potato?

A)Basidiomycetes.
B)Ascomycetes.
C)Zygomycetes.
D)Myxomycetes.
E)Oomycetes.

Question 15

A mushroom is to mycelium as

A)leaves are to a branch.
B)roots are to a root system.
C)apples are to an apple tree.
D)root hairs are to a root.
E)phloem is to a vascular bundlE.

Question 16

All of these fungi are paired correctly with the division they are in except one.Choose the exception.

A)Allomyces - Chytridiomycota
B)Pilobolus - Zygomycota
C)Glomus - Ascomycota
D)Armillaria - Basidiomycota

Question 17

Most fungal spores are dispersed by

A)wind.
B)water.
C)insects.
D)small rodents.

Question 18

In this group of fungi,spores are borne on tiny "spike" that project out from a club-like structure.This group of fungi are the

A)basidiomycetes.
B)ascomycetes.
C)zygomycetes.
D)chytridiomycetes.
E)glomeromycetes.

Question 19

The only true fungi with motile cells are the

A)Basidiomycetes.
B)Ascomycetes.
C)Zygomycetes.
D)Chytridiomycetes.
E)Glomeromycetes.

Question 20

Fungal karyogamy is the fusion of

A)cytoplasm.
B)gametes.
C)zygotes.
D)hyphae.
E)haploid nuclei.

Question 21

Which of the following is true about fungi?

A)most are heterotrophs;some are autotrophs
B)all are heterotrophs
C)all are autotrophs
D)most are autotrophs;some are heterotrophs

Question 22

Which of the following is a structure produced by an endomycorrhizal fungus?

A)aecium
B)oogonium
C)arbuscle
D)zygospore
E)more than one of these structures are produced by an endomycorrhizal fungus

Question 23

What are facultative parasites?

A)saprobes that can become parasitic
B)two or more parasites that work together
C)parasites that can't exist without their host
D)parasites that are exclusively intracellular

Question 24

Beneficial fungi have been used in all of the following except one.Choose the exception.

A)antibiotic production
B)bioremediation
C)cheese production
D)starch production

Question 25

Which of the following is not a spore stage of Puccinia graminis?

A)basidiosprores
B)uredospores
C)ascospores
D)teliospores
E)spermatia

Question 26

Which of the following is not a role of fungi in the environment?

A)parasites
B)pathogens
C)mutual symbionts
D)saprobes
E)primary producers

Question 27

All of the following species are matched correctly with the disease they cause except one.Choose the exception.

A)Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis - late blight of potatoes
B)Phytophora ramorum - sudden oak death
C)Ophiostoma ulmi - Dutch Elm disease
D)Puccinia graminis - wheat rust
E)Ustilago maydis - corn smut

Question 28

All of the following produce basidiospores except one.Choose the exception.

A)Ustilago maydis
B)Puccinia graminis
C)Morchella esculenta
D)Ganoderma applanatum
E)Armillaria bulbosa

Question 29

Which of the following species has been the focus of research as a potential bioremediation agent?

A)Serpula lacrymans
B)Phaenerochaete chrysosporium
C)Cochliobolus heterostrophus
D)Phytophthora infestans
E)Puccinia graminis

Question 30

To which group of fungi do the brewing and baking yeasts belong?

A)myxomycetes
B)basidiomycetes
C)ascomycetes
D)zygomycetes
E)imperfect fungi

Question 31

Fungi which develop a mutualistic relationship with the roots of vascular plants are known as:

A)lichens
B)mycorrhizae
C)saprobes
D)facultative parasites
E)plant pathogens

Question 32

The spore stage of the wheat rust fungus that can infect wheat from barberry is the:

A)spermatium
B)basidiospore
C)aeciospore
D)teliospore
E)uredospore

Question 33

Which of the following minerals is the most important one supplied by mycorrhizal fungi to their partner?

A)nitrogen
B)potassium
C)phosphorous
D)magnesium
E)calcium

Question 34

Morels and truffles are fruiting bodies found in which group of fungi?

A)ascomycetes
B)zygomycetes
C)oomycetes
D)basidiomycetes
E)myxomycetes

Question 35

Wheat and _______ are alternate hosts for the wheat rust fungus.

A)potato
B)barberry
C)rhododendron
D)milkweed
E)more than one of these

Question 36

What does a mycorrhizal plant supply to its partner?

A)oxygen
B)water
C)minerals
D)sugars
E)all of these

Question 37

A disease caused by an ascomycete and spread by bark beetles resulting in wilting and death in trees is ____ disease.

A)chestnut blight
B)corn smut
C)Dutch elm
D)wheat rust

Question 38

Germination of late blight fungus occurs at

A)low temperatures and low humidity
B)low temperatures and high humidity
C)high temperatures and low humidity
D)high temperatures and high humidity

Question 39

Approximately what percentage of plants are mycorrhizal?

A)5
B)25
C)50
D)75
E)90

Question 40

Asexual spores that are not formed within a sporangium are called:

A)sporangiospores
B)basidiospores
C)ascospores
D)conidia
E)oospores

Question 41

An asexual spore not formed in a sporangium is termed a ______.

Question 42

The spore stage of the wheat rust fungus that initiates plasmogamy is the:

A)spermatium
B)basidiospore
C)aeciospore
D)teliospore
E)uredospore

Question 43

The evolution of fungicide resistant strains of the fungus ______ has resulted in a renewed threat to potato crops worldwide.

Question 44

A hypha with 2 different nuclei in each cell is known as a _______.

Question 45

The asexual spores formed by oomycetes are called _______.

Question 46

When slime mold spores germinate,they give rise to either a ______ or a swarm cell.

Question 47

An interwoven mass of hyphae is called a ________.

Question 48

Specialized asexual lichen propagules that consist of small groups of algal cells with interwoven hyphae are called _____.

Question 49

________ parasites can live as saprobes but will invade living tissue when suitable hosts are available.

Question 50

Ustilago maydis is the fungus that causes ________.

Question 51

The scientific name for the wheat rust fungus is ______.

Question 52

The spore stage of the wheat rust fungus that is called the repeating stage is the:

A)spermatium
B)basidiospore
C)aeciospore
D)teliospore
E)uredospore

Question 53

The oomycetes are in the kingdom _______.

Question 54

The spore stage of the wheat rust fungus that can infect barberry is the:

A)spermatium
B)basidiospore
C)aeciospore
D)teliospore
E)uredospore

Question 55

A characteristic cell wall material of organisms in the Kingdom Fungi is ________.

Question 56

Beadle and Tatum performed their classical genetic studies on an ascomycete known as ______.

Question 57

Asexual reproduction in yeast is generally carried out through ________.

Question 58

The use of microorganisms to reclaim contaminated soil and water is known as _______.

Question 59

Some wood-rotting fungi are being investigated for their potential to degrade ______ and environmental toxins.

Question 60

The slender thread-like structures which compose the body of a fungus are called ______.

Question 61

The great Bengal famine of 1942 was caused by the wheat rust fungus.

Question 62

Rust fungi lack a fruiting body.

Question 63

Morels and mushrooms are examples of basidiomycetes.

Question 64

Uredospores of the wheat rust fungus can be carried by prevailing winds for hundreds of miles.

Question 65

Puffball spores are dispersed by insects.

Question 66

Recent evidence has led to the classification of Division Chytridiomycota in the Kingdom ______.

Question 67

Brown rot fungi decompose _______ but leave the ________ unchanged.

Question 68

Mycorrhizal fungi aid plants in the absorption of _______ and minerals from the soil.

Question 69

Fungi obtain nutrients from the environment as absorptive heterotrophs.

Question 70

Chytridiomycetes are often parasites of other fungi.

Question 71

Truffles are traditionally hunted using trained pigs.

Question 72

All fungi reproduce sexually.

Question 73

The reproductive perfect stage is also known as the asexual stage.

Question 74

A multifaceted approach to plant disease control that uses sanitation,crop rotation,biological controls,disease forecasting,and genetic resistance along with fungicides is called _______.