Deck 4: Health-Promoting Behaviors

Question 1

Exercise may be a useful resource in combating the adverse effects of stress because it:

A)helps to suppress the immune system.
B)helps to modulate immune activity.
C)decreases exogenous opioids.
D)increases cognitive functioning.

Answer 1

increases cognitive functioning.

Question 2

Aerobic exercise involves _____ activities.

A)low intensity, and long duration
B)low intensity, and short duration
C)high intensity, and long duration
D)high intensity, and short duration

Answer 2

high intensity, and long duration

Question 3

Mary is turning 50, and she does not think she is at risk for breast cancer.What would you suggest?

A)Mary does not need a mammogram.
B)Mary should get a mammogram every year.
C)It is unclear what Mary should do.
D)Mary should wait until she crosses age 50.

Answer 3

Mary should get a mammogram every year.

Question 4

Which of the following is more likely to be an aerobic exercise?

A)Trust walking
B)Rope climbing
C)Tai-Chi
D)Meditation

Question 5

The health benefits of regular exercise include:

A)increased resting heart rate.
B)reduced HDL.
C)increased metabolic syndrome.
D)reduced risk of some cancers.

Question 6

Researchers investigating the effects of aerobic exercise on psychological functioning believe that:

A)regular exercise improves physical health, mood, and general well-being.
B)women who exercise regularly will never face symptoms of depression.
C)the positive effect of exercise on mood is unrelated to increased self-efficacy.
D)modest exercise or increase in activity level is not enough to benefit cognitive functioning.

Question 7

Successful interventions are designed to match physical activity with:

A)an individual's mental age.
B)an individual's stage of readiness.
C)an individual's financial status.
D)an individual's perception of self-appearance.

Question 8

Interventions to reduce home accidents are typically conducted with parents because:

A)they are more knowledgeable about the most common hazards in their home.
B)young children may not be able to learn about safety at home.
C)evaluations have shown that parents lack knowledge in safeguarding their children.
D)they have control over the child's environment.

Question 9

People who are _____ are more likely to exercise.

A)workaholics
B)unsociable
C)sedentary
D)extroverted

Question 10

Who among the following people is least likely to exercise regularly?

A)Joe, a 10-year-old boy
B)Jill, a 15-year-old girl
C)Jack, a 35-year-old man
D)Juana, a 45-year-old woman

Question 11

_____ can foster exercise.

A)Social support
B)Hypertension
C)Painkillers
D)Sedentary work

Question 12

Softechture Inc., a software company, has organized a workshop for its employees to promote the values of exercise, physical health, and psychological well-being.This kind of a workshop is known as _____ intervention.

A)worksite
B)family-based
C)dietary
D)psychological

Question 13

People who live in low socio-economic statuses find it difficult to exercise because:

A)they do not have the time.
B)they are already engaged in other activities.
C)they are socially isolated.
D)they live in unsafe neighborhoods.

Question 14

Individuals are more likely to exercise if:

A)they belong to families in which exercise is rarely practiced.
B)they perceive themselves as lethargic.
C)they do not have social support, or people to take responsibility for their health.
D)they have a strong self-efficacy for exercising.

Question 15

Improving _____ for exercise increases rates of exercise.

A)environmental options
B)emotional functioning
C)cognitive functioning
D)community connections

Question 16

_____ represents one of the major causes of preventable death.

A)Accident
B)Insomnia
C)Stress
D)Ageing

Question 17

A typical exercise prescription is to accumulate _____ or more minutes of moderate intensity activity on most days of the week, and _____ or more minutes of vigorous intensity activity at least three days of the week.

A)15; 30
B)20; 15
C)30; 20
D)45; 60

Question 18

A person with low _____ may derive benefits from less exercise each week.

A)cardiopulmonary fitness
B)flexibility
C)anaerobic capacity
D)nutrition

Question 19

Which of the following statements is a benefit of conducting an employee fitness program?

A)It decreases costs for the company.
B)It increases employee turnover.
C)It decreases time spent on-the-job.
D)It increases job satisfaction.

Question 20

The number of people who participate in regular exercise has increased by more than _____ in the past few decades.

A)30 percent
B)50 percent
C)70 percent
D)85 percent

Question 21

_____ is an effective way to alter behavior related to diet and exercise.

A)Sensitization
B)Social engineering
C)Social networking
D)Private education

Question 22

While changing dietary habits of high-risk people, the focus must be on the _____.

A)environment
B)community
C)family
D)peer group

Question 23

Which of the following has greatly contributed to obesity over the past decade?

A)Snacking
B)Limited portion size
C)Avoiding the consumption of drinks
D)Smoking

Question 24

Screening through mammography is important for older and high-risk women because:

A)early detection can improve survival rates.
B)one in every five women develops breast cancer.
C)compliance with mammography recommendations is high.
D)the use of mammograms improves with age.

Question 25

Communications to adolescents and young adults regarding the use of sunscreen should emphasize:

A)negative effects of using excessive sunscreen lotion.
B)long-term risks of chronic illness.
C)immediate adverse effects of sun exposure.
D)advantages of using a tanning salon as compared to sun exposure.

Question 26

When people are under stress, they are more likely to:

A)let others monitor their food consumption.
B)pay attention to what they eat.
C)be self-controlled.
D)be distracted.

Question 27

Most diet changes are implemented through:

A)social network interventions.
B)photo-ageing interventions.
C)cognitive behavioral interventions.
D)telephone-based interventions.

Question 28

A diet high in _____ can help reduce insulin levels.

A)trans fat
B)fiber
C)proteins
D)carbohydrates

Question 29

Training in _____ includes planning skills, and formation of explicit behavioral intentions which can improve dietary adherence.

A)self-regulation
B)self-confidence
C)self-efficacy
D)self-validation

Question 30

The most common reason to switch to a diet low in cholesterol is to:

A)maintain weight.
B)reduce dietary changes.
C)improve health.
D)improve appearance.

Question 31

Which of the following is a similarity between breast cancer, and colorectal cancer?

A)Both are more common among Hispanics.
B)Both are a common cause of death in young adults.
C)Both have a high likelihood of survival.
D)Both recommend screening for older adults.

Question 32

The most powerful determinant of what a family eats is:

A)the husband's food preferences.
B)the wife's food preferences.
C)the children's food preferences.
D)the children's health considerations.

Question 33

Which of the following is a technique used in cognitive-behavioral interventions to modify diet?

A)Contingency contracting
B)Guided imagery
C)Guided participation
D)Sensitization

Question 34

Which of the following is a compelling reason that deters women from getting regular mammograms?

A)Fear of radiation
B)Distance from health care facilities
C)Lack of equipment's in the hospitals
D)Fear of looking older

Question 35

Children who are involved in dietary interventions are more likely to:

A)practice better dietary habits in adulthood.
B)have a better physique compared to other children.
C)encourage their friends to follow diet plans.
D)become vegetarians in adulthood.

Question 36

Behavioral interventions to alter diet must ideally be _____.

A)cost-effective
B)weight-focused
C)large-scale
D)non-executable

Question 37

The chief risk factor for skin cancer is known to be _____.

A)age
B)obesity
C)ultraviolet radiation
D)melanin

Question 38

Which of the following food items is more likely to contain saturated fats?

A)Meat and dairy products
B)Fried foods
C)Fruits and vegetables
D)Fish and nuts

Question 39

Dietary interventions may be particularly successful if:

A)they guarantee weight loss.
B)they are culturally and linguistically appropriate.
C)they do not include too much of physical activity.
D)they do not include the family, or community

Question 40

Individuals who are _____ do a better job of adhering to a healthy diet.

A)emotional
B)lean
C)over-weight
D)intelligent

Question 41

_____waves are marked by deep sleep which is important for restoring energy, strengthening the immune system, and prompting the body to release growth hormone.

A)Beta
B)Delta
C)Theta
D)K-complex

Question 42

People who drop out of exercise programs do so within the first three to six months.

Question 43

Chronic insomnia can compromise the ability to secrete and respond to _____

A)amino acids
B)collagen
C)insulin
D)potassium

Question 44

Participating in enjoyable leisure time activities such as socializing, or spending time in nature is related to:

A)reduced physical functioning.
B)increased blood pressure.
C)lower levels of cortisol.
D)higher risk of weight gain.

Question 45

The practice of regular exercise declines substantially when boys reach adolescence.

Question 46

_____ in women may be tied to hormonal levels related to menopause.

A)Anorexia nervosa
B)Bulimia nervosa
C)Speech disorders
D)Sleep disorders

Question 47

Jane is not satisfied with her job; she is depressed, and dependent on alcohol.Recently, Jane has been experiencing sleep disturbances, and is unable to cope with stressful events.Jane is most likely suffering from _____.

A)amenorrhea
B)bulimia
C)anorexia
D)insomnia

Question 48

The stage of sleep marked by beta waves is important for _____.

A)breathing
B)restoring energy
C)growth hormones
D)consolidating memories

Question 49

During rapid eye movement (REM) sleep the eyes dart back and forth, and breathing and heart rate flutters.This stage of sleep is marked by _____.

A)K-complex waves
B)delta waves
C)theta waves
D)beta waves

Question 50

Children who do not get enough sleep usually display:

A)behavioral problems.
B)weight fluctuations.
C)withdrawn attitudes.
D)subdued intelligence.

Question 51

Women from low-income groups are more likely to receive regular mammograms.

Question 52

People who engage in regular, vigorous exercise may reduce their risk of certain forms of cancer.

Question 53

Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep consists of _____ stages.

A)nine
B)seven
C)two
D)four

Question 54

Community-wide health education programs aimed at increasing seat belt usage and infant restraint devices can be successful.

Question 55

_____ is a symptom of psychopathology commonly found among long sleepers.

A)Insomnia
B)Chronic worrying
C)Sleep deprivation
D)Snoring

Question 56

Which of the following best describes a restorative activity?

A)Exercising regularly and being more productive at work
B)Dealing with a disability using coping mechanisms
C)Savoring the positive aspects of life and regaining emotional balance
D)Bringing the body back to a normal state of functioning after an accident

Question 57

Roy was an interstate truck driver.He had been driving for the past 12 years, and most of his trips were between 11:00 p.m.and 7:00 a.m.Roy used to take irregular naps during the day, and also made time for other personal activities.However, overtime, he felt fatigued and decided to quit.After years of driving during the night, and sleeping for a few hours during the day, Roy is having trouble sleeping at night.Which of the following is a likely cause for Roy's condition?

A)Alzheimer's
B)Stress
C)Reduced blood pressure
D)Chronic insomnia

Question 58

The lightest and earliest stage of sleep is marked by _____.

A)vivid dreams
B)delta waves
C)body temperature
D)theta waves

Question 59

Which of the following is a behavioral intervention undertaken for the treatment of insomnia?

A)Conversion therapy
B)Hormone therapy
C)Immune therapy
D)Relaxation therapy

Question 60

Insomnia is more common among people who:

A)blunt the impact of stressful events by distracting themselves.
B)deal with stressful events by ruminating or focusing on them.
C)engage in a few restorative activities.
D)avoid caffeine in the afternoon.

Question 61

How does sleep correlate with health? Explain with the use examples.

Question 62

Imagine you are designing a program to be administered through the county health department designed to increase the frequency of mammograms among community residents.What kind of techniques would you adopt to increase screening through mammography?

Question 63

Discuss the importance of sun safety practices particularly for youngsters.

Question 64

Mediterranean diets are rich in red meat, and low in vegetables, nuts, fruits, and fish.

Question 65

The reason people switch to a diet low in cholesterol, fats, calories, and additives is to improve health.

Question 66

Participation in leisure activities can improve cognitive functioning among the elderly.

Question 67

Which individuals are more likely to exercise regularly?

Question 68

Explain the physical and psychological benefits of exercise.

Question 69

People who deal with stressful events by blunting their impact or distracting themselves are more prone to insomnia.

Question 70

People who have high levels of hostility or arousal have poor sleep quality.