Deck 9: Physical Properties of Solutions

Question 1

Which is defined as the maximum amount of solute that will dissolve in a given quantity of solvent at a specific temperature?

A)precipitation
B)combustion
C)solubility
D)super saturation
E)dilution

Answer 1

solubility

Question 2

Determine the volume of a 0.0351 M Li₃PO₄ solution that contains 0.0164 moles of Li₃PO₄.

A)467 Ml
B)214 mL
C)576 mL
D)174 mL
E)345 mL

Answer 2

467 Ml

Question 3

Potassium fluoride is used for frosting glass.Calculate the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 78.6 g of KF in enough water to produce 225 mL of solution.

A)0.304 M
B)0.349 M
C)1.35 M
D)3.29 M
E)6.01 M

Answer 3

6.01 M

Question 4

Determine the volume of a 0.175 M Al(NO₃)₃ solution that contains 0.0591 moles of Al(NO₃)₃.

A)296 mL
B)103 mL
C)967 mL
D)338 mL
E)452 mL

Question 5

Which substance is present in the smallest proportion in a solution?

A)liquid
B)gas
C)solvent
D)solid
E)solute

Question 6

Based on the solubility rules, which one of these compounds is insoluble in water?

A)NaCl
B)MgBr₂
C)FeCl₂
D)AgBr
E)ZnCl₂

Question 7

Based on the solubility rules, which one of these compounds is soluble in water?

A)AgBr
B)AgCl
C)Ag₂CO₃
D)AgNO₃
E)Ag₂S

Question 8

Determine the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 9.51 g of K₂SO₄ in water where the final volume of the solution is 750.0 mL.

A)0.789 M
B)0.0546 M
C)0.0127 M
D)0.0728 M
E)0.137 M

Question 9

Which of the following is soluble in water?

A)AgCl
B)Rb₂CrO₄
C)Hg₂I₂
D)CaSO₄
E)PbBr₂

Question 10

Determine the volume of a 0.119 M AlPO₄ solution that contains 0.0247 moles of AlPO₄.

A)340 mL
B)208 mL
C)482 mL
D)294 mL
E)132 mL

Question 11

Which of the following is insoluble in water?

A)Li₂CO₃
B)NaOH
C)PbCl₂
D)Ba(OH)₂
E)(NH₄)₂S

Question 12

What mass of lithium phosphate is needed to prepare 500.mL of a solution having a lithium ion concentration of 0.125 M?

A)2.41 g
B)7.24 g
C)14.5 g
D)21.7 g
E)43.4 g

Question 13

Determine the volume of a 0.119 M AlPO₄ solution that contains 21.3 grams of AlPO₄.

A)0.681 L
B)1.79 L
C)0.559 L
D)1.21 L
E)1.47 L

Question 14

Based on the solubility rules, which one of these compounds is insoluble in water?

A)Na₂SO₄
B)BaSO₄
C)CuSO₄
D)MgSO₄
E)Rb₂SO₄

Question 15

Based on the solubility rules, which one of these compounds is soluble in water?

A)CaSO₄
B)BaSO₄
C)PbSO₄
D)K₂SO₄
E)Ag₂SO₄

Question 16

Determine the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 11.7 g of Ca(NO₃)₂ in water where the final volume of the solution is 250.0 mL.

A)0.0713M
B)0.351M
C)0.285M
D)0.0214M
E)0.0468M

Question 17

Determine the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 11.7 g of NaNO₃ in water where the final volume of the solution is 250.0 mL.

A)0.138 M
B)0.551 M
C)0.0468 M
D)0.0311 M
E)0.214 M

Question 18

Based on the solubility rules, which one of these compounds is soluble in water?

A)Hg₂Cl₂
B)Na₂S
C)Ag₂CO₃
D)Ag₂S
E)BaCO₃

Question 19

Which substance is present in the largest proportion in a solution?

A)salute
B)gas
C)solvent
D)solid
E)solute

Question 20

Determine the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 8.36 g of MgCl₂ in water where the final volume of the solution is 500.0 mL.

A)0.0878 M
B)0.569 M
C)0.0167 M
D)0.218 M
E)0.176 M

Question 21

Calculate the percent by mass of potassium nitrate in a solution made from 45.0 g KNO₃ and 295 mL of water at 25ºC.At this temperature, the density of water is 0.997 g/mL.

A)1.51%
B)7.57%
C)13.3%
D)15.2%
E)86.7%

Question 22

How many sodium ions are present in 325 mL of 0.850 M Na₂SO₄?

A)5.12 × 10²³ Na ions
B)8.32 × 10²² Na ions
C)1.02 × 10²⁴ Na ions
D)1.66 × 10²³ Na ions
E)3.33 × 10²³ Na ions

Question 23

Cadmium bromide is used in photography and lithography.What is the molality of a solution prepared by dissolving 45.38 g of CdBr₂ in 375.0 g of water?

A)0.03035 m
B)0.01600 m
C)0.1210 m
D)0.4446 m
E)16.00 m

Question 24

Determine the molality of ions in a solution formed by dissolving 0.0257 moles of Li₃PO₄ in 735 grams of water.The density of the solution is 1.74 g/mL.

A)0.114 m
B)0.280 m
C)0.184 m
D)0.402 m
E)0.140 m

Question 25

Which accurately characterizes all nonelectrolyte solutions?

A)Nonelectrolyte solutions contain molecules.
B)Nonelectrolyte solutions conduct electricity.
C)Nonelectrolyte solutions react with other solutions.
D)Nonelectrolyte solutions do not conduct electricity.
E)Nonelectrolyte solutions conduct heat.

Question 26

What is the percent CdSO₄ by mass in a 1.00 molal aqueous CdSO₄ solution?

A)0.001%
B)0.10%
C)17.2%
D)20.8%
E)24.4%

Question 27

Determine the volume of a 0.0246 M Li₃PO₄ solution that contains 11.8 grams of Li₃PO₄.

A)2.41 L
B)4.80 L
C)4.14 L
D)2.08 L
E)3.19 L

Question 28

The distinguishing characteristic of all electrolyte solutions is that they

A)contain molecules.
B)conduct electricity.
C)react with other solutions.
D)always contain acids.
E)conduct heat.

Question 29

A 4.691-g sample of MgCl₂ is dissolved in enough water to give 750.mL of solution.What is the magnesium ion concentration in this solution?

A)6.25 M
B)6.57 × 10⁻² M
C)4.38 × 10⁻² M
D)3.29 × 10⁻² M
E)2.19 ×10⁻² M

Question 30

Calcium nitrite is used as a corrosion inhibitor in lubricants.What is the molality of a solution prepared by dissolving 18.5 g of calcium nitrite in 83.5 g of distilled water?

A)0.181 m
B)0.222 m
C)0.596 m
D)1.35 m
E)1.68 m

Question 31

Determine the molality of ions in a solution formed by dissolving 0.187 moles of NaCl in 456 grams of water.The density of the solution is 1.44 g/mL.

A)0.820 m
B)0.702 m
C)0.351 m
D)0.410 m
E)0.285 m

Question 32

What mass of LiOH is required to prepare 0.250 L of a 3.55 M solution?

A)0.0371 g
B)0.888 g
C)21.3 g
D)250.g
E)340.g

Question 33

What is the molality of a solution prepared by dissolving 84.7 g of KMnO₄ in 165 g of water?

A)0.339 m
B)0.513 m
C)0.536 m
D)3.25 m
E)81.1 m

Question 34

Copper(II) bromide is used as a wood preservative.What mass of CuBr₂ is needed to prepare 750.0 mL of a 1.25 M solution?

A)134 g
B)209 g
C)372 g
D)750 g
E)938 g

Question 35

What mass of water is required to dissolve 27.8 g of ammonium nitrate NH₄NO₃ in order to prepare a 0.452 m solution?

A)0.0615 kg
B)0.100 kg
C)0.177 kg
D)0.768 kg
E)1.30 kg

Question 36

Determine the molality of a solution formed by dissolving 0.0257 moles of Li₃PO₄ in 735 grams of water.The density of the solution is 1.74 g/mL.

A)0.0189 m
B)0.0498 m
C)0.0201 m
D)0.0350 m
E)0.0286 m

Question 37

35.0 mL of 0.255 M nitric acid is added to 45.0 mL of 0.328 M Mg(NO₃)₂.What is the concentration of nitrate ion in the final solution?

A)0.296 M
B)0.481 M
C)0.583 M
D)0.911 M
E)0.148 M

Question 38

What mass of water is required to dissolve 25.31 g of potassium nitrate (KNO₃) in order to prepare a 0.1982 m solution?

A)0.5101 kg
B)0.1277 kg
C)1.000.kg
D)1.263 kg
E)0.7917 kg

Question 39

Determine the molality of a solution formed by dissolving 0.187 moles of NaCl in 456 grams of water.The density of the solution is 1.44 g/mL.

A)0.285 m
B)0.410 m
C)0.351 m
D)0.244 m
E)0.502 m

Question 40

A 3.682-g sample of KClO₃ is dissolved in enough water to give 375.mL of solution.What is the chlorate ion concentration in this solution?

A)9.82 M
B)1.60 × 10⁻¹ M
C)8.01 ×10⁻² M
D)9.82 × 10⁻³ M
E)1.60 × 10⁻² M

Question 41

The distinguishing characteristic of all nonelectrolyte solutions is that they

A)contain ions.
B)do not conduct electricity.
C)react with other solutions.
D)always contain acids.
E)conducts heat.

Question 42

Determine the boiling point of a solution formed by dissolving 0.593 moles of ethanol in 100.0 grams of water.(For water, K_b = 0.512°C/m)

A)100.329°C
B)101.58°C
C)103.04°C
D)105.93°C
E)102.91°C

Question 43

What is the freezing point of an aqueous solution of NaCl that boils at 102.5°C? (For water, K_f = 1.86°C/m; K_b = 0.52°C/m)

A)2.5°C
B)−2.5°C
C)−0.70°C
D)0.70°C
E)−8.9°C

Question 44

What is the freezing point of a solution prepared from 50.0 g ethylene glycol (C₂H₆O₂) and 85.0 g H₂O? (For water, K_f = 1.86°C/m)

A)17.6°C
B)−176°C
C)−1.50°C
D)1.50°C
E)−17.6°C

Question 45

Determine the freezing point of a solution formed by dissolving 0.187 moles of glucose in 456 grams of water.(For water, K_f = 1.86°C/m)

A)−0.410°C
B)−0.351°C
C)−3.48°C
D)-0.763°C
E)-0.528°C

Question 46

Determine the boiling point of a solution formed by dissolving 0.312 moles of sugar in 275 grams of water.(For water, K_b = 0.512°C/m)

A)100.160°C
B)100.581°C
C)103.17°C
D)101.86°C
E)101.41°C

Question 47

From the following list of aqueous solutions and water, select the one with the highest freezing point.

A)1.0 M KNO₃
B)0.75 M NaCl
C)0.75 M CuCl₂
D)2.0 M C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ (sucrose)
E)2.0 M KNO₃

Question 48

What volume of a 2.75 M solution of NaOH is required to make 500.0 mL of a 1.27 M solution of NaOH?

A)231 mL
B)1.72 L
C)1.10 L
D)440 mL
E)909 mL

Question 49

What is the molarity of a solution prepared by diluting 1.85 L of 6.5 M KOH to 11.0 L?

A)0.28 M
B)0.91 M
C)1.1 M
D)3.1 M
E)3.9 M

Question 50

From the following list of aqueous solutions and water, select the one with the highest boiling point.

A)1.0 M KNO₃
B)0.75 M NaCl
C)0.75 M CuCl₂
D)2.0 M C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ (sucrose)
E)pure water

Question 51

A 50.0 mL sample of 0.436 M NH₄NO₃ is diluted with water to a total volume of 250.0 mL.What is the ammonium nitrate concentration in the resulting solution?

A)2.18 M
B)0.523 M
C)0.349 M
D)0.174 M
E)0.0872 M

Question 52

In the following diagrams, the black circles represent a solute in solution.Which diagram represents a saturated solution?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 53

What volume of concentrated (14.7 M) phosphoric acid is needed to prepare 25.0 L of 3.0 M H₃PO₄?

A)0.20 L
B)0.57 L
C)1.8 L
D)3.6 L
E)5.1 L

Question 54

Determine the freezing point of a solution which contains 0.31 mol of sucrose in 175 g of water.(For water, K_f = 1.86°C/m)

A)3.3°C
B)1.1°C
C)0.0°C
D)−1.1°C
E)−3.3°C

Question 55

Determine the boiling point of a solution formed by dissolving 0.187 moles of glucose in 456 grams of water.(For water, K_b = 0.512°C/m)

A)100.957°C
B)101.25°C
C)100.210°C
D)100.476°C
E)100.365°C

Question 56

What is defined as the difference between the freezing point of a pure solvent and the freezing point of the solution?

A)Freezing point
B)freezing-point elevation
C)freezing-point depression
D)Subzero freezing
E)Supercooling

Question 57

Which process defines how an ionic compounds break apart into its constituent ions upon dissolution?

A)electrolysis
B)dissociation
C)division
D)ionization
E)decomposition

Question 58

What is defined as the selective passage of solvent molecules through a porous membrane from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution?

A)Permeability
B)Semipermeability
C)Osmotic pressure
D)Osmosis
E)Vapor pressure

Question 59

Which of these compounds is a nonelectrolyte?

A)NaOH
B)HNO₃
C)C₂H₆O (ethanol)
D)KF
E)CH₃COOH (acetic acid)

Question 60

Which of these compounds is a nonelectrolyte?

A)NaF
B)HNO₃
C)CH₃COOH (acetic acid)
D)NaOH
E)C₆H₁₂O₆ (glucose)

Question 61

Place the following aqueous solutions in order of increasing osmotic pressure. 0.100 m MgCl₂ 0.100 m CH₃OH 0.100 m NaCl

A)0.100 m CH₃OH < 0.100 m NaCl < 0.100 m MgCl₂
B)0.100 m MgCl₂ < 0.100 m NaCl < 0.100 m CH₃OH
C)0.100 m NaCl < 0.100 m MgCl₂ < 0.100 m CH₃OH
D)0.100 m NaCl < 0.100 m CH₃OH < 0.100 m MgCl₂
E)0.100 m MgCl₂ < 0.100 m CH₃OH < 0.100 m NaCl

Question 62

Place the following aqueous solutions in order of increasing osmotic pressure. 0.100 m Al(NO₃)₃ 0.100 m LiF 0.100 m Ca(C₂H₃O₂)₂

A)0.100 m Al(NO₃)₃ < 0.100 m Ca(C₂H₃O₂)₂ < 0.100 m LiF
B)0.100 m Ca(C₂H₃O₂)₂ < 0.100 m Al(NO₃)₃ < 0.100 m LiF
C)0.100 m Ca(C₂H₃O₂)₂ < 0.100 m LiF < 0.100 m Al(NO₃)₃
D)0.100 m Al(NO₃)₃ < 0.100 m LiF < 0.100 m Ca(C₂H₃O₂)₂
E)0.100 m LiF < 0.100 m Ca(C₂H₃O₂)₂ < 0.100 m Al(NO₃)₃