Deck 15: Biochemistry

Question 1

Which of the structures below corresponds to the dipeptide serylalanine? Note the following structures:

A)
B)
C)
D)

Answer 1

Question 2

Phosphorus is an essential mineral element.It is an important atom in which one of the following?

A)Amino acids
B)Proteins
C)Polyethylene
D)Nylon
E)DNA

Answer 2

DNA

Question 3

Which of the following describes a lipid?

A)A group of molecules that contain both a carboxylic acid and amine functional group.
B)A relatively small, water-soluble molecule that contains either a ketone or an aldehyde functional group.
C)A group of small organic molecules that are insoluble in water.
D)And ester of phosphoric acid where one or more of the ionizable hydrogen atoms has been replaced by an R group.
E)A molecule that contains C, H, and N and exhibits Brønsted base behavior

Answer 3

A group of small organic molecules that are insoluble in water.

Question 4

Which of the following describes a fat?

A)A group of molecules that contain both a carboxylic acid and amine functional group.
B)A relatively small, water-soluble molecule that contains either a ketone or an aldehyde functional group.
C)A group of small organic molecules that are insoluble in water.
D)And ester of phosphoric acid where one or more of the ionizable hydrogen atoms has been replaced by an R group.
E)A tri-ester of glycerol where each of the hydroxyl-group hydrogen atoms in glycerol has been replaced by the alkyl group of a relatively long hydrocarbon chain carboxylic acid.

Question 5

Which of the following is not a protein?

A)hormones, such as oxytocin
B)structural substances, such as keratin
C)antibodies, such as immunoglobulin
D)transport facilitators, such as hemoglobin
E)saturated triglycerides, such as triolein

Question 6

Which of the following describes a triglyceride?

A)A molecules composed of three small sugar molecules.
B)A relatively small, water-soluble molecule that contains either a ketone or an aldehyde functional group.
C)A group of small organic molecules that are insoluble in water.
D)And ester of phosphoric acid where one or more of the ionizable hydrogen atoms has been replaced by an R group.
E)A tri-ester of glycerol where each of the hydroxyl-group hydrogen atoms in glycerol has been replaced by the alkyl group of a relatively long hydrocarbon chain carboxylic acid.

Question 7

Which of these elements is not found in proteins?

A)S
B)P
C)C
D)O
E)N

Question 8

Which of the following is not a carbohydrate?

A)C₆H₁₂O₆
B)C₅H₁₀O₅
C)C₁₀H₁₈O₉
D)C₆H₁₄O₆
E)C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁

Question 9

Which of the following describes a steroid?

A)A group of molecules that have a special grouping of 5- and 6-member rings in common.
B)A relatively small, water-soluble molecule that contains either a ketone or an aldehyde functional group.
C)A large biological polymer composed of amino acids.
D)And ester of phosphoric acid where one or more of the ionizable hydrogen atoms has been replaced by an R group.
E)A group of molecules that make up a lipid bilayer.

Question 10

The breaking apart of a dissacharide into its monosaccharide components involves the addition of a water molecule and is called _______.

A)condensation
B)peptide linkage
C)secondary structure
D)hydrolysis
E)transport

Question 11

Which of the following describes a phospholipid?

A)A molecules composed of three small sugar molecules.
B)A diglyceride with an organic phosphate group in place of one of the fatty acids.
C)A relatively small, water-soluble molecule that contains either a ketone or an aldehyde functional group.
D)And ester of phosphoric acid where one or more of the ionizable hydrogen atoms has been replaced by an R group.
E)A tri-ester of glycerol where each of the hydroxyl-group hydrogen atoms in glycerol has been replaced by the alkyl group of a relatively long hydrocarbon chain carboxylic acid.

Question 12

Which of the following is a fatty acid?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 13

Which of the structures below corresponds to the dipeptide alanylserine?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 14

Which of the following refers to a primary structure?

A)The shape the protein chain adopts as the result of hydrogen bonding.
B)The sequence of amino acids that make up a protein chain.
C)The folding of a protein into a characteristic shape.
D)The shape formed by two or more folded protein chains coming together.
E)None of the above.

Question 15

Which of the following describes a protein?

A)A molecules composed of three small sugar molecules.
B)A relatively small, water-soluble molecule that contains either a ketone or an aldehyde functional group.
C)A large biological polymer composed of amino acids.
D)And ester of phosphoric acid where one or more of the ionizable hydrogen atoms has been replaced by an R group.
E)A tri-ester of glycerol where each of the hydroxyl-group hydrogen atoms in glycerol has been replaced by the alkyl group of a relatively long hydrocarbon chain carboxylic acid.

Question 16

A peptide bond (also called an amide bond) joins two amino acids together.What atoms are linked by this bond?

A)C - O
B)C - H
C)C - N
D)N - S
E)S - C

Question 17

Which of the following is a steroid?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 18

An amino acid is a compound that contains at least

A)one amino group and one amide group.
B)two amino groups and one carboxylic acid group.
C)one hydroxyl group and one methyl group.
D)one carboxylic acid group and one amino group.
E)one methyl group and one amide group.

Question 19

Which of the following refers to a secondary structure?

A)The shape the protein chain adopts as the result of hydrogen bonding.
B)The sequence of amino acids that make up a protein chain.
C)The folding of a protein into a characteristic shape.
D)The shape formed by two or more folded protein chains coming together.
E)None of the above.

Question 20

The backbone of a strand of nucleic acid consists of

A)phosphate units only.
B)phosphate and sugar units.
C)polyester.
D)phosphate, sugar, and nitrogen base units.
E)sugar units only.