Deck 30: Circulation and Cardiovascular Systems

Question 1

Figure:
This figure shows the anatomy of the mammalian heart.What does "e" represent?

A)The aorta
B)The superior vena cava
C)The right atrium
D)The left ventricle
E)The pulmonary trunk

Answer 1

D
Explanation: "e" represents the left ventricle.See figure 30.2A.

Question 2

Figure:
This figure shows the anatomy of the mammalian heart.What does "d" represent?

A)The aorta
B)The superior vena cava
C)The right atrium
D)The left ventricle
E)The pulmonary trunk

Answer 2

C
Explanation: "d" represents the right atrium.See figure 30.2A.

Question 3

If you were studying the type of circulatory system which has blood that always flows within vessels,and one or more hearts,you would be studying:

A)An open circulatory system
B)A cardiac circulatory system
C)A hemolymph circulatory system
D)A systemic circulatory system
E)A closed circulatory system

Answer 3

E
Explanation: A closed circulatory system is one in which the blood never runs free and is always contained in blood vessels.It takes power to keep blood moving through a series of blood vessels;this is supplied by one or more contractile structures called hearts.

Question 4

Which body system in hydras performs the functions of the circulatory system?

A)Hemocoel
B)Lungs
C)Gastrovascular cavity
D)Coelom
E)Gills

Question 5

A circulatory system would have all of the following functions except:

A)It takes oxygen to tissues.
B)It takes waste away from tissues.
C)It takes carbon monoxide away from tissues.
D)It takes carbon dioxide away from tissues.
E)It takes nutrients to tissues.

Question 6

Which of the following group of organisms have a closed circulatory system?

A)Hydra
B)Grasshoppers
C)Earthworms
D)Crayfish
E)Clams

Question 7

The circulatory fluid which is not found in blood vessels but flows into a body cavity or chamber is referred to as:

A)Hemophil
B)Hemolymph
C)Plasma
D)Hemoglobin
E)Hemothrombin

Question 8

Figure:
This figure shows the anatomy of the mammalian heart.What does "a" represent?

A)The aorta
B)The superior vena cava
C)The right atrium
D)The left ventricle
E)The pulmonary trunk

Question 9

If you were studying the chamber of the human heart which pumps oxygen rich blood to the body you would be studying which of the following?

A)The right atrium
B)The left ventricle
C)The aorta
D)The left atrium
E)The right ventricle

Question 10

If you were tracing the path of blood from the right to the left side of the heart,you must mention the:

A)Aorta
B)Hepatic portal vein
C)Lungs
D)Superior vena cava
E)Inferior vena cava

Question 11

The alternating expansion and recoil of an arterial wall is termed a(n):

A)ECG
B)Diastole
C)Pulse
D)Hypertension
E)Heart murmur

Question 12

If a biologist is studying the circulatory system of a grasshopper,he or she would determine that it has a(n):

A)Closed circulatory system
B)Ostium circulatory system
C)Cardia circulatory system
D)Open circulatory system
E)Capillary circulatory system

Question 13

Of all of the following organisms,which has a true circulatory system?

A)Arthropods
B)Echinoderms
C)Roundworms
D)Cnidarians
E)Flatworms

Question 14

Figure:
This figure shows the anatomy of the mammalian heart.What does "b" represent?

A)The aorta
B)The superior vena cava
C)The right atrium
D)The left ventricle
E)The pulmonary trunk

Question 15

What is the correct sequence a drop of blood returning from the body encounters in the heart chambers?

A)Left atrium,left ventricle,right atrium,right ventricle
B)Left ventricle,left atrium,right ventricle,right atrium
C)Right atrium,left atrium,left ventricle,right ventricle
D)Right atrium,left ventricle,left atrium,right ventricle
E)Right atrium,right ventricle,left atrium,left ventricle

Question 16

A biologist is studying the valve in the human heart which prevents blood from back flowing into the left ventricle.Based on this information you would conclude that he or she is studying which of the following valves?

A)Bicuspid
B)Pulmonary semilunar
C)Vena cava
D)Aortic semilunar
E)Tricuspid

Question 17

Systole occurs when the:

A)Heart tissue is contracting
B)Heart tissue is relaxing
C)Semilunar valves open and close
D)Aortic valves open and close
E)Atrioventricular valves open and close

Question 18

Figure:
This figure shows the anatomy of the mammalian heart.What does "c" represent?

A)The aorta
B)The superior vena cava
C)The right atrium
D)The left ventricle
E)The pulmonary trunk

Question 19

Organisms like earthworms which have a coelom,would have which type of circulatory system?

A)A heart that has two chambers
B)A single-loop circulatory pathway
C)A single heart that pump bloods into vessels that allow for gas exchange next to the moist body wall
D)A series of hearts that will pump blood into vessels that allow for gas exchange next to the moist body wall
E)A series of hearts that will pump blood into vessels that allow for gas exchange within capillary beds

Question 20

Contraction of the right ventricle forces blood initially into the:

A)Pulmonary trunk
B)Right atrium
C)Aorta
D)Pulmonary vein
E)Left atrium

Question 21

The part of the circulation involved with carrying blood to and from the lungs is the:

A)Systemic circuit
B)Internal respiration circuit
C)Microcirculation circuit
D)Pulmonary circuit
E)ECG circuit

Question 22

The pacemaker of the heart is termed the:

A)AV node
B)Cardiac center in the medulla
C)SA node
D)Vagus nerve
E)Purkinje fibers

Question 23

Figure:
This figure shows the anatomy of a capillary bed.What does "e" represent?

A)Vein
B)Arteriole
C)Venule
D)Precapillary sphincter
E)Artery

Question 24

The "lub" heart sound is due to the:

A)Onward rush of blood to the heart
B)Contraction of the aortic muscle
C)Closing of semilunar valves
D)The closing of the atrioventricular valves
E)The closing of both the semilunar and atrioventricular valves

Question 25

When an individual suffers a cut,what structures will initially attempt to seal the break in the blood vessel?

A)Fibrinogen
B)Thrombin
C)Platelets
D)Prothrombin
E)Fibrin

Question 26

Blood traveling from the intestines to the liver is traveling in the:

A)Pulmonary vein
B)Inferior vena cava
C)Superior vena cava
D)Coronary vessels
E)Hepatic portal vein

Question 27

Figure:
This figure shows the anatomy of a capillary bed.What does "d" represent?

A)Vein
B)Arteriole
C)Venule
D)Precapillary sphincter
E)Artery

Question 28

What are the consequences of having a low level of calcium when the body is trying to form a blood clot?

A)Calcium is necessary for the conversion of thrombin to prothrombin by the clotting factor thrombin activator
B)Calcium will increase the rate at which thrombin is converted into prothrombin by the clotting factor prothrombin activator
C)A low level of calcium will allow for the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin by the clotting factor prothrombin activator
D)
Calcium is necessary for the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin by the clotting factor prothrombin activator.
E)Calcium is necessary for the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin by the clotting factor prothrombin activator

Question 29

What is the relationship between blood pressure and the velocity of blood flow?

A)When blood pressure is low,velocity is high
B)Blood pressure is always constant while velocity varies
C)When blood pressure is low,velocity is low
D)Velocity is always constant while blood pressure varies
E)When blood pressure is high,velocity is low

Question 30

Blood flow in capillaries is:

A)Slower because there are more capillaries and they represent more flow volume
B)Faster because they are smaller and blood must speed up to get through
C)The same speed as in arteries and veins since they are input and output points
D)Highly variable due to different tissues which surround them
E)The same speed as in arteries and veins since they have similar dimensions

Question 31

Figure:
This figure shows the anatomy of a capillary bed.What does "a" represent?

A)Vein
B)Arteriole
C)Venule
D)Precapillary sphincter
E)Artery

Question 32

If you are studying the blood vessel(s)that serve the heart muscle oxygen and nutrients,which of the following would you be studying?

A)The pulmonary
B)The coronary
C)The aorta
D)The vena cava
E)The hepatic portal

Question 33

During a single heartbeat,first the ____________ contracts,and then the _____________ contracts.

A)SA node;AV node
B)Ventricles;atria
C)AV node;SA node
D)SA node;ventricles
E)Atria;ventricles

Question 34

A biologist is studying blood vessels which have valves to prevent the backflow of blood.Based on this information you would conclude that he or she is studying:

A)Arteries
B)Veins
C)Capillaries
D)Venules
E)Arterioles

Question 35

Which component of plasma is the largest?

A)Proteins
B)Salts
C)Water
D)Red blood cells
E)Platelets

Question 36

Figure:
This figure shows the anatomy of a capillary bed.What does "c" represent?

A)Vein
B)Arteriole
C)Venule
D)Precapillary sphincter
E)Artery

Question 37

"Artery" and "vein" are defined by whether they take blood away or toward the heart.If they were defined by whether they carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood,how would we have to change the names of certain vessels?

A)The hepatic portal vein would be called the hepatic portal artery.
B)The names of the hepatic and renal systems would have to be switched.
C)The names of the pulmonary artery and vein would have to be switched.
D)The names of the coronary artery and vein would have to be switcheD.
E)The names of the aorta and vena cava would have to be switched.

Question 38

Which blood vessels have walls that are only one cell thick?

A)Capillaries
B)Venules
C)Veins
D)Arterioles
E)Arteries

Question 39

Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

A)Capillaries
B)Venules
C)Veins
D)Arteries
E)Lymph vessels

Question 40

Which of the following is not a correct association?

A)Arteries-lack valves
B)Capillaries-oxygen and nutrient exchange
C)Arteries-high blood pressure
D)Veins-high blood pressure
E)Veins-have valves

Question 41

How does the lymphatic system contribute to the maintenance of blood pressure?

A)The lymphatic system returns excess tissue fluid to the blood stream at the level of the subclavian veins
B)The lymphatic system returns excess tissue fluid to the blood stream at the level of the hepatic portal veins
C)The lymphatic system removes excess tissue fluid from the blood stream at the level of the subclavian veins
D)The lymphatic system filters out excess nutrients from the blood stream and stores them until needed
E)The lymphatic system returns excess nutrients and ions to the blood stream at the level of the subclavian veins

Question 42

A person with normal blood volume and white cell count but a low red cell count or low hemoglobin content may be suffering from:

A)Hemophilia
B)Hypertension
C)Leukemia
D)Mononucleosis
E)Anemia

Question 43

If you were studying the enzymes involved in the clotting process you would be studying which of the following?

A)Fibrin and prothrombin activator
B)Prothrombin activator and thrombin
C)Platelets and fibrin
D)Prothrombin and calcium
E)Albumin and hemoglobin

Question 44

Which of the following blood types can receive blood from any donor?

A)Type A
B)Type AB
C)Type O
D)Type B
E)There is no such thing as a universal recipient.

Question 45

What is the excess tissue fluid that is not collected and returned to the bloodstream called?

A)Lymph
B)Plasma
C)Serum
D)Platelets
E)Hemolymph

Question 46

Cells which are responsible for transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide in the bloodstream are:

A)Thrombocytes
B)Monocytes
C)Erythrocytes
D)Plasma cells
E)Leucocytes

Question 47

If you were studying the function of blood which of the following would not be included in your studies?

A)Helps regulate body temperature
B)Production of oxygen
C)Forms clots
D)Defends body
E)Transports substances throughout body

Question 48

The doctors noticed that Nicole's newborn baby had a slight bluish tint to her skin.What is the most likely reason for the bluish tint to her skin?

A)There is a small hole in the septum that divides the right side of her heart from the left.This is allowing deoxygenated blood to reach the aorta and be pumped out to the body.
B)There is a small hole in the septum that divides the right side of her heart from the left.This is allowing deoxygenated blood to reach the vena cava and be pumped out to the body.
C)There is an incomplete closure of the pulmonary semilunar valve that is allowing the blood to flow backwards into the atrium.This is allowing deoxygenated blood to reach the aorta and be pumped out to the body.
D)There is an incomplete closure of the tricuspid valve that is allowing to much blood to flow into the ventricle.This is allowing deoxygenated blood to reach the aorta and be pumped out to the body.
E)There is an incomplete closure of the tricuspid valve that is allowing to much blood to flow into the ventriclE.This is allowing deoxygenated blood to reach the superior vena cava and be pumped out to the body.

Question 49

A biologist is studying types of cells called T cells and B cells.Based on this information you would conclude that he or she is studying which of the following?

A)Erythrocytes
B)Monocytes
C)Lymphocytes
D)Neutrophils
E)Thrombocytes

Question 50

The hepatic portal system takes blood from the intestines to the liver.

Question 51

A person with type A blood has which of the following on the outside of their red blood cells?

A)B antigens
B)B antibodies
C)A antibodies
D)No antigens or antibodies
E)A antigens

Question 52

Which of the following is not one of the functions of the hepatic portal system?

A)Maintain homeostasis
B)Modify substances absorbed in the intestines
C)Remove toxins from the intestines
D)Monitor the composition of the blood
E)All of these are functions of the hepatic portal system.

Question 53

The absence of which of the following components of the plasma would result in a decrease in an individuals ability to produce ATP?

A)Hormones
B)Water
C)Plasma proteins
D)Salts
E)Gases

Question 54

How is it that animals such as hydras and flatworms do not have a traditional circulatory system,yet they are capable of gas exchange?

A)Hydra and flatworms exchange gases across the cells that line the gastrovascular cavity.
B)Hydra and flatworms exchange gases across the cells of their coelom.
C)Hydra and flatworms exchange gases across the cells of their gill cavity.
D)Hydra and flatworms exchange gases across the cells of their skin performing cutaneous respiration.
E)Hydra and flatworms exchange gases across the cells of their lungs.

Question 55

Which of the following blood types is considered the universal donor?

A)A
B)B
C)O
D)AB
E)ABO

Question 56

Substances exchanged at a capillary move out of the capillary by ______________ at the arterial end and into the capillary by __________ at the venous end.

A)Blood pressure;lymphatic pressure
B)Osmotic pressure;venous pressure
C)Osmotic pressure;lymphatic pressure
D)Blood pressure;osmotic pressure
E)Osmotic pressure;blood pressure

Question 57

Which of the following is not a component of plasma?

A)Water
B)Salts
C)Nutrients
D)Red blood cells
E)Proteins

Question 58

What is the main difference between the composition of plasma and lymph?

A)Both will have water,salts and hormones.Lymph will have a lesser amount of protein than plasmA.
B)Both will have water,salts and hormones.Lymph will have a greater amount of protein than plasma.
C)Both will have water,salts and red blood cells.Lymph will have a greater amount of protein than plasma.
D)Both will have water,gases and hormones.Lymph will have a greater amount of protein than plasma.
E)Both will contain white blood cells,gases and hormones.Lymph will have a lesser amount of protein than plasma.

Question 59

Which of the following proteins is found in abundance within red blood cells?

A)Albumin
B)Hemoglobin
C)Globulin
D)Fibrinogen
E)Myoglobin