Deck 24: Control of Growth Responses in Plants

Question 1

The dropping of leaves,fruit,and flowers is called

A)dormancy.
B)gravitropism.
C)abscission.
D)senescence.
E)turgor movement.

Answer 1

C
Explanation: Abscission is the dropping of leaves,fruits,and flowers from a plant.

Question 2

Figure:
This figure shows the signal transduction pathway in plants.What does "d" represent?

A)response
B)receptor
C)hormone
D)transduction
E)reception

Answer 2

C
Explanation: "d" represents a hormone.See Figure 24.01.

Question 3

Which of the following is a use for a group of plant hormones other than gibberellins?

A)breaks the dormancy of buds
B)increase the number of buds
C)bring about the onset of flowers
D)stimulates seed germination
E)improve production of cereal grains

Answer 3

B
Explanation: Gibberellins are growth-promoting hormones that (1)cause stems to elongate and (2)seeds to germinate.Commercially,gibberellins are used to break the dormancy of seeds and buds.Also,after gibberellin application,plants begin to grow,flowering occurs,or flowers grow larger.Research has shown how GA3 is involved in the germination of cereal grains.

Question 4

In which of the following actions is auxin involved?

A)hydrotropism
B)gravitropism
C)thigmotropism
D)cytotropism
E)pigmotropism

Question 5

A plant physiologist is studying a hormone which promotes cell division and initiates growth,which is called what?

A)indoleacetic acid
B)abscisic acid
C)cytokinins
D)gibberellins
E)ethylene

Question 6

What is the correct order in the signal transduction pathway?

A)response,transduction,reception
B)reception,response,transduction
C)reception,transduction,response
D)transduction,reception,response
E)response,reception,transduction

Question 7

The protective sheath which surrounds the young leaves of a seedling is called the

A)axillary bud.
B)auxiliary branch.
C)apical bud.
D)statolith.
E)coleoptilE.

Question 8

Research on the closing of the stomata when a plant is under water stress would be a study of which plant hormone?

A)indoleacetic acid
B)abscisic acid
C)cytokinins
D)gibberellins
E)ethylene

Question 9

Figure:
This figure shows the signal transduction pathway in plants.What does "a" represent?

A)response
B)receptor
C)hormone
D)transduction
E)reception

Question 10

When a leaf loses its natural color,it would most likely be undergoing an aging process called

A)dormancy.
B)gravitropism.
C)abscission.
D)senescence.
E)turgor movement.

Question 11

If you were to place some auxin on one side of a tipless coleoptile,what would be the result?

A)The shoot would bend away from the auxin.
B)The shoot would increase in length on both sides.
C)The shoot would bend toward the auxin.
D)The shoot would shrink.
E)The auxin would have no effect on this part of the plant.

Question 12

The process of growing a plant from cells or tissue in laboratory glassware is referred to as

A)plant abscission culture.
B)plant cytokinin culture.
C)plant dormancy culture.
D)plant coleoptile culture.
E)plant tissue culturE.

Question 13

If you were interested in slowing down or preventing senescence,you would most likely use which of plant hormones?

A)indoleacetic acid
B)abscisic acid
C)cytokinins
D)gibberellins
E)ethylene

Question 14

Figure:
This figure shows the signal transduction pathway in plants.What does "c" represent?

A)response
B)reception
C)hormone
D)receptor
E)transduction

Question 15

Figure:
This figure shows the signal transduction pathway in plants.What does "b" represent?

A)response
B)receptor
C)hormone
D)transduction
E)reception

Question 16

A plant physiologist is studying a plant's response to gravity,a study of what?

A)cytotropism
B)phototropism
C)hydrotropism
D)gravitropism
E)thigmotropism

Question 17

If you were studying plant hormones which encourage apical dominance by preventing the growth of axillary buds,you would be studying which hormone?

A)indoleacetic acid
B)abscisic acid
C)cytokinins
D)gibberellins
E)ethylene

Question 18

Which of the following is sometimes referred to as the stress hormone because it initiates and maintains seed and bud dormancy?

A)indoleacetic acid
B)abscisic acid
C)cytokinins
D)gibberellins
E)ethylene

Question 19

When a plant changes growth in response to a light stimulus,what is that called?

A)hydrotropism
B)gravitropism
C)phototropism
D)thigmotropism
E)cytotropism

Question 20

If you were studying a growth-promoting hormone that brings about internode elongation of stem cells,you would be studying what?

A)indoleacetic acid
B)abscisic acid
C)cytokinins
D)gibberellins
E)ethylene

Question 21

You are growing tomatoes and cucumbers in your garden which flower independently of day length because these plants are

A)long-day plants.
B)phytochrome plants.
C)short-day plants.
D)photoperiod plants.
E)day-neutral plants.

Question 22

When a ripe piece of fruit placed in a sealed glass container with several pieces of non-ripe fruit causes the non-ripe fruit to ripen,this is due to what group of plant hormones produced by the already ripe fruit?

A)abscisic acid
B)cytokinins
C)gibberellins
D)ethylene
E)indoleacetic acid

Question 23

Which of the following is chiefly responsible for the abscission of leaves,flowers,and fruit?

A)indoleacetic acid
B)abscisic acid
C)cytokinins
D)gibberellins
E)ethylene

Question 24

Which of the following statements about tropism is correct?

A)Positive phototropism causes the roots to grow down.
B)Negative gravitropism causes the roots to grow down.
C)Positive phototropism causes the stem to grow up.
D)Negative gravitropism causes the stem to grow down.
E)Positive heliotropism causes the plant to grow away from the sun.

Question 25

A plant physiologist is studying the cause of phototropism,which has what cause?

A)Auxins move to the light side of the plant causing the cells to shrink.
B)Gibberellins move to the light side of the plant causing the cells to shrink.
C)Cytokinins move to the shady side of the plant and cause the cells to elongate.
D)Abscisic acid moves to the shady side of the plant and cause the cells to elongate.
E)Auxins move to the shady side of the plant and cause the cells to elongatE.

Question 26

The portion of the plant which is involved in controlling turgor movements is called

A)the apical bud.
B)the pulvinus.
C)the abscission area.
D)the phytochrome zone.
E)the statolith.

Question 27

Which of the following have the largest effect on the biological clocks of plants?

A)the temperature of the air
B)the amount of water absorbed by the plant
C)the pH of the soil
D)the photoperiod
E)the temperature of the soil

Question 28

A plant physiologist is studying plants which flower when the day length is shorter than a critical length,such as goldenrod and poinsettia,which implies that these are

A)long-day plants
B)phytochrome plants
C)short-day plants
D)photoperiod plants
E)day-neutral plants

Question 29

Which of the following enables plants to determine how much light a plant is getting?

A)the apical site
B)the statolith
C)the coleoptile
D)the petiole
E)the abscission area

Question 30

Which of the following is an effect of a plant hormone other than ethylene?

A)promotes stem elongation
B)suppresses stem elongation
C)suppresses auxiliary bud development
D)suppresses root elongation
E)promotes ripening

Question 31

An unequal growth due to contact with a solid object is referred to as

A)hydrotropism.
B)gravitropism.
C)thigmotropism.
D)cytotropism.
E)phototropism.

Question 32

If you were studying the internal mechanism by which a circadian rhythm is maintained in the absence of appropriate stimuli,you would be studying

A)a biological clock.
B)a short-day clock.
C)a long-day clock.
D)a day-neutral clock.
E)a thigmotropic clock.

Question 33

If you were a biologist studying the coiling response in morning glory plants,what would you be studying?

A)thigmotropism
B)phototropism
C)hydrotropism
D)cytotropism
E)gravitropism

Question 34

When a plant tracks the sun by means of turgor pressure changes in the petiole,this is called

A)gravitropism.
B)statotropism.
C)heliotropism.
D)thigmotropism.
E)Thigmotropism

Question 35

Which of the following would cause a leaf cell to become turgid?

A)an outflow of potassium followed by an outflow of water
B)an outflow of potassium followed by an inflow of water
C)an inflow of water followed by an inflow of potassium
D)an inflow of potassium followed by an outflow of water
E)an inflow of potassium followed by an inflow of water

Question 36

In root cap cells,there are ________________ which are sensors that detect which direction is down.

A)coleoptiles
B)statoliths
C)phytochromes
D)turgor cells
E)axilary buds

Question 37

Which of the following would overturn what we know about phytochrome?

A)P_r promotes flowering in short-day plants
B)P_r absorbs red wavelengths of light
C)P_fr initiates a signal transduction pathway that turns genes on and off
D)P_fr absorbs far-red wavelengths of light
E)P_r inhibits flowering in long-night plants

Question 38

Movements that occur over a regular 24-hour cycle are referred to as

A)photorhythm
B)short-day rhythm
C)circadian rhythm
D)long-day rhythm
E)day-neutral rhythm

Question 39

Leaves that close at night are said to exhibit which movements?

A)circadian movements
B)sleep movements
C)phytochrome movements
D)phototropic movements
E)apical movements

Question 40

Which of the following statements is true about turgor movements?

A)They are associated with growth.
B)They are closely associated with the source of the stimuli.
C)They are controlled by auxins.
D)They are dependent on turgor pressure changes in plant cells.
E)They are dependent on gibberellins.

Question 41

A response which involves the production of volatile molecules that attract carnivores to eat herbivores feeding on the plant or to discourage insects from laying their eggs on leaves is referred to as

A)a hypersensitive response.
B)a phytochrome response.
C)an indirect response.
D)a primary metabolite response.
E)the secondary metabolite responsE.

Question 42

Only humans use plants to fight infections.

Question 43

Which example illustrates that plants have a signal transduction pathway that leads to the activation of genes for proteinase inhibitors?

A)the production of primary metabolites
B)a plant's response to light
C)a plant's response to gravity
D)the production of secondary metabolites
E)the plant's response to wounds

Question 44

Which is a medicinal chemical produced by an organism other than a plant?

A)quinine to treat malaria
B)penicillin to treat bacterial infections
C)codeine to stop coughs
D)vincristine to fight cancer
E)morphine to treat pain

Question 45

The criterion for designating plants as short-day or long-day is the absolute number of hours of light required to affect flowering.

Question 46

The growth regulator that brings about the wound response is

A)systemin.
B)proteinase.
C)taxol.
D)nicotine.
E)caffeinE.

Question 47

If a biologist is studying chemical defense in plants,what kind of chemical would be the subect of the study?

A)primary metabolites
B)ethylene gas
C)secondary metabolites
D)phytochromes
E)abscisic acid

Question 48

Which of the following exemplifies mutualism?

A)Lima beans produce volatiles that attract carnivorous mites only when the plants are being damaged by a spider mite.
B)The bullhorn acacia tree provides a home and food for ants that in turn protect the plant from herbivores.
C)After a leaf is chewed or injured,a plant produces proteinase inhibitors.
D)A plant with a viral infection initiates a hypersensitive response (HR)that seals off the infected area.
E)Because the leaves of some passion flowers display physical structures resembling the yellow eggs of Heliconius butterflies,these butterflies do not lay eggs on this plant.

Question 49

A plant physiologist is studying the plant's ability to seal off an area which is infected by a virus,bacteria,or fungus,a study of

A)the primary metabolite response.
B)the phytochrome response.
C)the dormancy response.
D)the hypersensitive response.
E)the secondary metabolite responsE.

Question 50

Which comes after a plant's first line of defense?

A)the cuticle
B)chemical toxins
C)thorns
D)spines
E)trichomes