Deck 10: Respiratory System

Question 1

During respiration,which structure connects the larynx to the bronchiole tree?

A)trachea
B)glottis
C)lungs
D)alveoli
E)esophagus

Answer 1

A
Explanation: The trachea connects the larynx to the bronchiole tree.The glottis is the opening in the larynx.The lungs receive the air from the trachea.The alveoli are the site of gas exchange within the lungs.The esophagus is part of the digestive system.

Question 2

If it were not for the nasal cavity,

A)we would not be able to speak.
B)more debris would enter the lungs.
C)oxygen would not be exchanged in the alveoli.
D)food would go down the wrong pipe.
E)air would not be conducted to the lungs.

Answer 2

B
Explanation: One of the functions of the nasal cavity is to filter the air and trap small particles so they don't enter the air passages.

Question 3

The respiratory system is responsible for

A)oxygen entering the body and carbon dioxide leaving the body.
B)carbon dioxide entering the body and oxygen leaving the body.
C)nitrogen leaving the blood stream.
D)methane formation.
E)the regulation of nutrient absorption.

Answer 3

A
Explanation: The respiratory system is responsible for oxygen entering the body and carbon dioxide leaving the body.

Question 4

During respiration,as the thorax moves up,the lungs move down.

Question 5

Which of the following is not part of the respiratory system?

A)trachea
B)pharynx
C)esophagus
D)bronchus
E)nasal cavity

Question 6

Inhalation is another word for inspiration.

Question 7

The role of the respiratory system is to ensure that oxygen leaves the body and carbon dioxide enters the body.

Question 8

The respiratory is unlike the digestive system in that air comes in and out the same opening.

Question 9

What do inspiration and expiration have in common?

A)They both use the same pathways.
B)The air travels in the same direction in both.
C)They both end in the lungs.
D)They both conduct air from the outside.
E)They both remove wastes from the tissues.

Question 10

Which respiratory structure is used to produce sound?

A)larynx
B)nose
C)pharynx
D)glottis
E)esophagus

Question 11

Which part of the pharynx is mismatched with its location?

A)nasopharynx--where the nasal cavities open above
B)oropharynx--where the sinuses open
C)laryngopharynx--where the pharynx opens into the larynx

Question 12

Which part of the respiratory system carries out gas exchange?

A)bronchus
B)larynx
C)nasal cavity
D)lungs
E)diaphragm

Question 13

Which part of the respiratory system is composed of skeletal muscle?

A)diaphragm
B)lung
C)trachea
D)larynx
E)glottis

Question 14

Which structure is the initial entry way for air to enter the respiratory system?

A)nose
B)trachea
C)lungs
D)pharynx
E)esophagus

Question 15

Which structure is not part of the inspiration process?

A)lungs
B)larynx
C)trachea
D)bronchioles
E)All are part of the inspiration process.

Question 16

Which of the following is not part of the upper respiratory tract?

A)bronchi
B)nasal cavity
C)epiglottis
D)pharynx
E)glottis

Question 17

The pharynx contains the vocal cords.

Question 18

List the structures associated with the upper respiratory tract and those associated with the lower respiratory tract.

Question 19

Explain the nervous system's control of the respiratory system.

Question 20

Ventilation includes

A)inspiration only.
B)expiration only.
C)both inspiration and expiration.
D)the volume of air that can be exhaleD.
E)the transportation of oxygen to the cells in the body.

Question 21

The epiglottis is the slit between the vocal cords.

Question 22

When the glottis becomes narrower,

A)the pitch of sound goes up.
B)the pitch of sound goes down.
C)sound ceases completely.
D)the volume increases.
E)the volume decreases.

Question 23

Sound is produced when air rushes into the lungs.

Question 24

Why is the actual flow of air into the alveoli during inspiration passive?

A)because there is a continuous column of air from the pharynx to the alveoli
B)because the lungs are surrounded by the thoracic wall
C)because the alveoli have a very large surface area
D)because the intercostal muscles are involved
E)because the diaphragm is involved

Question 25

If you force inspiration,how much more air can you breathe in than the tidal volume?

A)two times
B)three times
C)four times
D)five times
E)six times

Question 26

Which part of the lower respiratory tract is intimately in contact with the cardiovascular system?

A)lungs
B)bronchial tree
C)trachea
D)esophagus
E)sinus cavity

Question 27

Which volume can add an additional 2,900 ml of air to the lungs?

A)inspiratory reserve volume
B)expiratory reserve volume
C)residual volume
D)vital capacity
E)tidal volume

Question 28

What diffuses from the air in the alveoli into the blood?

A)oxygen
B)carbon dioxide
C)water
D)nitrogen
E)methane

Question 29

The pharynx contains the tonsils that protect against invasion of inhaled foreign particles.

Question 30

Humans inhale by negative pressure.

Question 31

Which of the following is not part of the lower respiratory tract?

A)bronchi
B)lungs
C)alveoli
D)trachea
E)larynx

Question 32

What is missing in infant respiratory distress syndrome?

A)bronchioles
B)pleura
C)one or more lobes of the lung
D)alveoli
E)surfactant

Question 33

The trachea and upper bronchial tree are similar in that both are held open by cartilaginous rings.

Question 34

Where in the lower respiratory tract would you find goblet cells?

A)bronchial tree
B)trachea
C)lungs
D)esophagus
E)nasal cavity

Question 35

The right lung is larger than the left lung.

Question 36

What separates the lungs from the thoracic cavity?

A)pleura
B)alveoli
C)cartilaginous rings
D)bone
E)skeletal muscle

Question 37

The total cross sectional area of the alveoli is about the size of a textbook.

Question 38

Which of the following is not a part of inspiration?

A)The pressure in the lungs increases.
B)The rib cage moves up and out.
C)The intercostal muscles pull the ribs outward.
D)The diaphragm contracts and moves down.
E)Air rushes into the lungs.

Question 39

Muscle contraction is required for expiration.

Question 40

The amount of air that moves in and out with each breath is called the

A)vital capacity.
B)tidal volume.
C)inspiratory reserve volume.
D)expiratory reserve volume.
E)residual volumE.

Question 41

Some of the inhaled air never reaches the lungs.

Question 42

List the volumes of air associated with each of the following lung capacities.
inspiratory reserve volume
expiratory reserve volume
tidal volume
residual volume
vital capacity
total lung capacity

Question 43

Carotid bodies and aortic bodies detect

A)blood pH.
B)oxygen blood levels.
C)oxygen tissue levels.
D)stretching of the lungs.
E)the residual volumE.

Question 44

Where is the respiratory control center located?

A)in the brain
B)in the bronchi
C)in the lungs
D)in the aorta
E)in the diaphragm

Question 45

When you breathe into a paper bag after hyperventilating,you are decreasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood.

Question 46

The vital capacity is equal to the

A)maximum amount of air breathed in.
B)maximum amount of air breathed out.
C)maximum amount of air breathed in and the maximum amount of air breathed out.
D)the air left in the lungs after exhalation.
E)the air that comes in during a normal breath.

Question 47

"Strep throat" is caused by what type of infecting organism?

A)bacteria
B)virus
C)fungus
D)parasitic worm
E)protist

Question 48

How are internal and external respiration alike?

A)Both involve an exchange of gases.
B)Both involve carbon dioxide diffusing into the lungs.
C)Both involve oxygen diffusing into the lungs.
D)Both involve carbon dioxide diffusing into the body's tissues.
E)Both involve oxygen diffusing into the body's tissues.

Question 49

During respiration,what is the additional amount of air that can be exhaled from the lungs during an extra deep exhalation called? This volume is usually around 1,400 ml.

A)expiratory reserve volume
B)inspiratory reserve volume
C)residual volume
D)vital capacity
E)tidal volume

Question 50

Which way does the reaction H⁺ + HCO₃^- $\rarr$ H₂CO₃ $\rarr$ H₂O + CO₂ proceed in the lungs?

A)to the right
B)to the left
C)to the right and then back to the left
D)this reaction doesn't proceed in the lungs
E)none of these

Question 51

Which of the following infections does not affect a structure in the respiratory tract?

A)laryngitis
B)strep throat
C)tonsilitis
D)otitis media
E)bronchitis

Question 52

Which reaction does carbonic anhydrase catalyze?

A)H⁺ + HCO₃^- $\rarr$ H₂CO₃
B)H₂CO₃ $\rarr$ H₂O + CO₂
C)Hb + O₂ $\rarr$ HbO₂
D)HbO₂ $\rarr$ Hb + O₂
E)None of thesE.

Question 53

Can you hold your breath until you die?

Question 54

Chemoreceptors for blood pH are located in the brain stem and the lungs.

Question 55

Most of the carbon dioxide is carried in the plasma as

A)carbonic anhydrase.
B)bicarbonate ion.
C)carbonic acid.
D)a gas,carbon dioxide.
E)reduced hemoglobin.

Question 56

You cannot increase the amount of air you exhale.

Question 57

Carbonic anhydrase and carbaminohemoglobin are similar in that they are both enzymes involved in respiration.

Question 58

How does breathing at a very low rate affect the reaction H⁺ + HCO₃^- $\rarr$ H₂CO₃ $\rarr$ H₂O + CO₂ ?

A)pushes it to the right
B)pushes it to the left
C)does not affect it
D)increases the rate at which it occurs
E)decreases the rate at which it occurs

Question 59

When the pH of the blood becomes more acidic,the respiratory center

A)increases the rate and increases the depth of breathing.
B)increases the rate and decreases the depth of breathing.
C)decreases the rate and increases the depth of breathing.
D)decreases the rate and decreases the depth of breathing.
E)stops breathing all together.

Question 60

How does the respiratory center control the diaphragm?

A)via the blood carbon dioxide level
B)via the blood pH
C)via the intercostal nerves
D)via the phrenic nerve
E)via the vagus nerve

Question 61

Even if you quit smoking,the damage to your lungs is already done and they will not return to normal.

Question 62

Which of the following is not a lower respiratory infection?

A)tuberculosis
B)pneumonia
C)bronchitis
D)pulmonary fibrosis
E)pulmonary tuberculosis

Question 63

Which of the following is not a symptom of emphysema?

A)The elastic recoil of the lungs is reduced.
B)The surface area for gas exchange is reduced.
C)The alveoli are distended and their walls damaged.
D)The airways are inflamed and filled with mucus.
E)The heart works harder to force more blood through the lungs.

Question 64

Upon X-ray,it could be seen that Josh's lungs were filled with fluid.What is the proper diagnosis for Josh's illness?

A)bronchitis
B)emphysema
C)asthma
D)pulmonary fibrosis
E)pneumonia

Question 65

The difference between a restrictive pulmonary disorder and an obstructive pulmonary disorder is that in the restrictive disorder the lungs have lost their elasticity and in an obstructive disorder air does not flow freely in the airways.

Question 66

Which of these lower respiratory diseases should be treated with antibiotics?

A)pulmonary fibrosis
B)pulmonary tuberculosis
C)emphysema
D)asthma
E)lung cancer

Question 67

One of the main symptoms of a sinus infection is hoarseness.

Question 68

What is the correct order of the following steps in the progression of lung cancer in a smoker? 1.Cilia are lost.2.There is a thickening and callusing of the cells lining the bronchi.3.Metastasis occurs.4.A tumor forms.5.Cells with atypical nuclei appear.

A)1,2,3,4,5
B)2,1,5,4,3
C)5,1,2,3,4
D)1,2,4,3,5
E)2,1,4,5,3

Question 69

Lung cancer,just like breast cancer,is more prevalent in women than in men.