Deck 22: The Baroque Court: Absolute Power and Royal Patronage

Question 1

Why are most dances in binary form-a repeated two-part structure?

A)To challenge the dancers
B)To showcase the dancers' grace
C)To make the dance easier to master
D)To correspond to the music's tempo

Answer 1

C

Question 2

What event was the Palace of Versailles's Hall of Mirrors designed to celebrate?

A)The alliance between France and Spain
B)Louis XIV's marriage to Maria Theresa of Spain
C)The end of the six-year war with Holland
D)Louis XIV's eighteenth birthday

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Why did Louis XIV urge his courtiers to live beyond their means?

A)To make his court the envy of Europe
B)To elevate their status in his eyes
C)To increase profits of influential French merchants
D)To make them financially dependent on him

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Why did the English Parliament raise an army against King Charles I in 1642?

A)For marrying the sister of the French king Louis XIII
B)For proposing changes in the Church of England's liturgy
C)For claiming that he was a divinely appointed king
D)For forming a secret alliance with the Scots

Question 5

Why did the New England Puritans have themselves painted in luxurious attire?

A)Prosperity was their reward for being a good Christian
B)They did not believe in the Calvinist plainness
C)Luxury goods were widely available in the colonies
D)They wanted their relatives in England to see their success

Question 6

Why did Louis XIV of France consider himself "the Sun King"?

A)His attire was so rich that he glittered when he walked
B)France's domain was so large that the sun never set on it
C)Like the sun god Apollo,he saw himself dispensing wealth
D)He believed that the world revolved around him

Question 7

How was Louis able to maintain such a well-disciplined,loyal army?

A)Deserters and traitors faced immediate execution
B)Each provincial government oversaw its own army
C)The army was well-supplied and regularly paid
D)Each soldier received a share of any war profits

Question 8

What distinction does Anne Bradstreet's The Tenth Muse hold?

A)The first book published in the colonies
B)The first book of Puritan poetry
C)The first book of poetry written by a colonist
D)The first published book written by a woman

Question 9

On whose work did Nicholas Poussin model his classical approach to painting?

A)Michelangelo
B)Leonardo
C)Titian
D)Raphael

Question 10

Why was Cardinal Richelieu furious with Pierre Corneille for his play El Cid?

A)For ignoring the classical unities
B)For including bawdy humor
C)For satirizing Richelieu in it
D)For basing it on a Spanish story

Question 11

Why does Louis XIV wear red high-heeled shoes in Hyacinthe Rigaud's portrait?

A)To elevate his 5'4" height
B)To emphasize his sun symbolism
C)To conform to the time's fashion
D)To highlight his royal status

Question 12

On what plan did André Le Nôtre design Versailles's formal garden?

A)Sweeps of gently rolling lawns against a woodland background
B)A grid along a north-south axis with the palace at the center
C)A series of increasingly larger circles surrounding the palace
D)Pathways radiating like sunbeams from a central axis

Question 13

Why was Louis XIV so fond of Peter Paul Rubens's paintings?

A)Their classical rationality and clarity
B)Their frank sexuality and sensual brushwork
C)Their compositionality geometry
D)Their absence of allegory and moral undertones

Question 14

Why did the English Puritans invite Holland to invade Britain in 1688?

A)Cromwell was proving to be a tyrannical ruler
B)James II imposed too many restrictions on them
C)Cromwell raised taxes to support his troops in the civil war
D)James II appointed Catholics to high government positions

Question 15

Why was dance so popular at Louis XIV's court?

A)Its formality matched Louis's rule
B)Louis was a very talented dancer
C)The Church had not spoken against dance
D)Louis enjoyed watching sensuous dances

Question 16

Why has the era of Louis XIV's reign come to be known as the Age of Absolutism?

A)Science was providing answers for what previously was unknown
B)Louis was a strong monarch who exerted power based on divine right
C)The artists and architects looked to the absolutes of classical style
D)Louis served as monarch to both France and the Holy Roman Empire

Question 17

What new dance form emerged from Louis's court?

A)Ballet
B)Bal-musette
C)Canarie
D)Minuet

Question 18

What is meant by a Rubenesque figure?

A)Fleshy and voluptuous
B)Small breasted and wide hipped
C)Slender and modestly posed
D)Enveloped by rich textures and colors

Question 19

According to Poussin,what should be a painting's subject matter?

A)The everyday life of moral people
B)Historical people and events
C)Heroes and the nobility
D)Classical mythology or Christian tradition

Question 20

Why did the English people find Oliver Cromwell difficult to tolerate as their leader?

A)For changing the state religion to Catholicism
B)For refusing to participate in peace talks with France
C)For imposing too many restrictions on them
D)For raising taxes to support his troops in the civil war

Question 21

Compare Peter Paul Rubens' idea of a beautiful human body,which came to be known as Rubenesque,to today's standards of the body beautiful.

Question 22

Citing specific examples,show how the European Baroque style blended with the art and culture of the New World's indigenous peoples.

Question 23

How does the Southern Cuzco school Our Lady of the Victory of Málaga recall Inca religious worship?

A)The background shows an Inca temple
B)The Virgin holds an Inca ceremonial staff
C)The framing columns are of Inca temple design
D)The gold leaf is associated with sun worship

Question 24

Define absolutism,and show how Louis XIV's rule exemplifies it.

Question 25

Describe the differences in politics and appearance of the English Cavaliers and Roundheads.

Question 26

Describe three of the subjects and their actions in Diego Velázquez's Las Meninas.

Question 27

As discussed in the chapter's "Continuity and Change" section,in Henri Testelin's Jean-Baptiste Colbert Presenting the Members of the Royal Academy of Science to Louis XIV,why does Louis look out of place amid the scientific dignitaries and instruments?

A)He looks bewildered by the instruments
B)He is the image of ostentatious excess
C)He is much shorter than the scientists
D)He is rendered obsolete by the scientists

Question 28

Compare Nicolas Poussin's painting philosophy and style to Peter Paul Rubens' philosophy and style.

Question 29

Identify and describe three of the six dances that can make up a suite.

Question 30

Why is Velázquez's Las Meninas (The Maids of Honor)considered such a complex painting?

A)The number of figures in it
B)Its focus on individual actions
C)The obscurity of its symbolism
D)Its competing focal points

Question 31

Explain how and why Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz's San Pedro Nolasco dramatizes the diversity of language and culture in New Spain.

Question 32

Why were the New Spain retablos (altarpiece ensembles)designed to be so extravagant?

A)To contrast with the simplicity of the indigenous people's sacred spaces
B)To impress the indigenous people into converting to Christianity
C)To show the indigenous people how their taxes were spent
D)To Christianize the indigenous people's existing art

Question 33

Which Baroque artist greatly influenced Diego Velázquez's paintings?

A)Rembrandt
B)Vermeer
C)Caravaggio
D)Poussin

Question 34

Compare Anne Bradstreet's "To My Dear and Loving Husband" to Robert Herrick's "To the Virgins,To Make Much of Time," focusing on audience,style,and theme.

Question 35

Matching

Question 36

What is the Spanish notion of pundonor (point of honor),a favorite theme in Calderón's plays?

A)Men were obligated to avenge violations of their women's honor
B)Duty to king and country took precedence over all other matters
C)False accusations-violations of honor-led to dire consequences
D)Men and women held differing views of the meaning of honor

Question 37

Why did Spain enter a period of decline after the death of Philip II?

A)They lost control of their New World gold-producing holdings
B)Severe inflation and a loss of tax revenue bankrupted the court
C)Their Armada had to be rebuilt following England's defeat of it
D)Philip IV bankrupted the court with his art purchases

Question 38

Why did the Spanish program to convert the Pueblo to Christianity fail in 1680?

A)Spain lost its New World holdings to the Dutch
B)Facing financial crisis,Spain recalled the missionaries
C)The Pueblo revolted and killed many of the Spanish
D)Disease introduced by the Spanish decimated the Pueblo