Deck 9: Ethical Decision Making and the Entrepreneur

Question 1

In an attempt to connect with business managers in a way that reflects the real world,business ethicists talk of moderation,pragmatism,and minimalism.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

When doing business abroad,entrepreneurs must adhere to the international code of business ethics.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

If the motivation for an individual is to win at any cost,fair play and ethics are most likely to:

A) have far less influence over one's decisions than they should.
B) be the most important influences in the decision-making processes.
C) be the only factors influencing the decision-making processes.
D) have equal influence over the decision process along with other motivators.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

According to the _____ approach,the aim of each person should be to perfect his or her inherent human nature,and if successful,become a person of virtue.

A) Totalitarian
B) Aristotelian
C) Utilitarian
D) Deontology

Question 5

For entrepreneurs,situations where one law directly conflicts with another rarely occur.

Question 6

_____ is most likely to prevent someone from unknowingly making an ethical mistake when considering what to do in a situation with ethical overtones.

A) Using an approach that one is most comfortable with
B) Adopting an approach similar to that of a competitor's
C) Taking a multifaceted approach
D) Employing a single standard approach

Question 7

Which approach to ethics holds that the ethical person will always choose actions that will provide for the greatest good (or least bad)for the greatest number of people?

A) Utilitarianism
B) Aristotelian
C) Kantism
D) Deontology

Question 8

The art of self-assessment is critical particularly during the maturity stage of a venture when the environment is chaotic and unpredictable.

Question 9

In the context of personal ethical standards,taking a course in business ethics has been shown to have little effect on improving one's capacity for decision making and problem solving.

Question 10

The closer the stakeholders are to an individual,the less effect they will have on his or her decision making.

Question 11

According to Kohlberg's construct of moral judgment,being moral in Stage 1 is synonymous with being ____.

A) obedient
B) courageous
C) virtuous
D) honest

Question 12

The orientation of the final stage in the Kohlberg construct of moral judgment is ____.

A) legitimate social contract
B) instrumental relativism
C) interpersonal concordance
D) universal ethical principle

Question 13

_____ is one of the oldest approaches to ethics provided by Aristotle.

A) Placing one's duty to society over one's self-interest
B) Choosing actions that will provide for the greatest good
C) Focusing on the consequences of an action
D) Emulating exemplary role models

Question 14

Whose approach to ethics states that the aim of each person should be to perfect his or her inherent human nature,and if successful,become a person of virtue?

A) J.Stewart Mill
B) Aristotle
C) Carnegie
D) Kant

Question 15

In Stage 1 of the Kohlberg construct of moral instincts and behaviors of an individual,the individual seeks advantage.

Question 16

Broken partnerships can often be traced to apparent differences in the personal ethics among the members of a management team.

Question 17

To make effective and ethical decisions,one must be able to identify the scope and effects of one's self-interest.

Question 18

The vast majority of successful entrepreneurs believe that high ethical standards and integrity are exceptionally important to long-term success.

Question 19

Statutes do not always have the effect they were intended to have.

Question 20

When making ethical decisions,always choose an approach you feel most comfortable with and stick to those principles.

Question 21

Discuss why entrepreneurs who truly know themselves make the best ethical decisions.

Question 22

____,which is a narrowly defined ethical perspective that can lead to trouble,can be prevented by considering different approaches to the same issue.

Question 23

What is the most widely used approach to ethical decision making?

A) The Aristotelian approach
B) The utilitarian approach
C) The deontology approach
D) The Machiavellian approach

Question 24

Immanuel Kant's _____ approach is pursued without concern for the outcomes of actions but according to whether the action is something that an ethical person would do.

Question 25

Which of the following statements is true of the deontology approach to ethics?

A) It holds that an ethical person will always choose actions that will provide for the greatest good.
B) It is one of the oldest approaches to ethics provided by Aristotle.
C) It is pursued without concern for the outcomes of actions.
D) It requires individuals to emulate what people who are widely considered to be virtuous do in similar situations.

Question 26

According to the Kohlberg construct of moral instincts and behaviors,the orientation of _____ is toward pleasing others and winning approval.

Question 27

Who is associated with deontology-one's duty to act?

A) J.Stewart Mill
B) Aristotle
C) Kohlberg
D) Kant

Question 28

Which of the following is an issue associated with the utilitarian approach to ethics?

A) It can lead to poor decisions if a person chooses to emulate the wrong person.
B) It permits decisions that may hurt some stakeholders,as long as the majority benefits from the action.
C) It cannot work in tandem with other approaches to ethics.
D) It does not directly address the consequences of the actions-only the "court of opinion" holds the actions to have been virtuous.

Question 29

How can one apply the different approaches to ethics in a decision-making process?

Question 30

The _____ construct classifies moral judgment into six stages of development.

Question 31

How does the concept known as "the fog of war" relate to ethical behavior and the entrepreneurial experience?

Question 32

What are the issues associated with the Aristotelian approach to ethics?

Question 33

The _____ approach to ethics focuses on the outcomes or consequences of an action.

Question 34

Why is it important to study and think about ethical situations in business settings?