Deck 4: Workplace Emotions, Attitudes, and Stress

Question 1

People are consciously aware of most emotions they experience.

Answer 1

False
Explanation: Emotions are experiences. They represent changes in our physiological state (e.g., blood pressure, heart rate), psychological state (e.g., thought process), and behavior (e.g., facial expression). Most of these emotional reactions are subtle and occur without our awareness.

Question 2

Cognitive dissonance is more likely to occur when the dissonant behavior is known to everyone,was done voluntarily and cannot be undone.

Answer 2

True
Explanation: Cognitive dissonance occurs when we perceive an inconsistency in our beliefs, feelings, and behavior. This inconsistency generates emotions (such as feeling hypocritical) that motivate us to create more consistency by changing one or more of these elements.

Question 3

Beliefs are established perceptions about the attitude object.

Answer 3

True
Explanation: Beliefs are established perceptions about the attitude object-what you believe to be true.

Question 4

Strong emotions trigger our conscious awareness of a threat or opportunity in the external environment.

Question 5

The emotional markers that nonconsciously tag sensory information are calculated feelings towards the information source.

Question 6

Emotions represent the cluster of beliefs,assessed feelings,and behavioral intentions towards something or someone guided by conscious logical reasoning.

Question 7

Emotional labor refers to any physical work that makes employees feel angry that they must perform this kind of work.

Question 8

Moods represent our reaction to specific people or events,whereas emotions are not directed toward anything in particular.

Question 9

A person's emotions are influenced by his or her personality,not just from workplace experiences.

Question 10

Attitudes represent a cluster of beliefs,motivation and feelings about an attitude object.

Question 11

Display rules are norms that require employees to show certain emotions and to withhold others.

Question 12

The influence of both cognitive reasoning and emotions on attitudes is most apparent when they agree with each other.

Question 13

Cognitive processes typically occur before emotional processes are initiated.

Question 14

Attitudes consist of the following three components: emotions,beliefs,and behaviors.

Question 15

Emotions are brief events or "episodes".

Question 16

Studies indicate that while executives tend to make quick decisions based on logical reasoning,the best decisions are based on their emotional responses.

Question 17

A dual cognitive-emotional attitude formed by emotions and logic is responsible for how employees form positive or negative attitudes toward their job,coworkers,and other aspects of work.

Question 18

Moods are less intense emotional states that are directed toward something or somebody in particular.

Question 19

Emotions generate a core affect that something is good or bad,helpful or harmful,to be approached or avoided.

Question 20

Emotions are communications to ourselves,which serve to put us in a state of readiness.

Question 21

Emotional dissonance is most common where emotional display rules are highly regulated and employees must display emotions quite different from their true emotions.

Question 22

Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to perceive and express emotion,assimilate emotion in thought,understand and reason with emotion,and regulate emotion in oneself and others.

Question 23

Emotional intelligence refers to a group of behaviors rather than a set of abilities of an individual.

Question 24

Employees experience less stress from emotional labor when they practice surface acting rather than deep acting.

Question 25

Relationship management represents the highest level of emotional intelligence.

Question 26

People with a high conscientiousness personality are more likely to engage in neglect and less likely to engage in voice.

Question 27

The emotional intelligence of an individual tends to increase with age.

Question 28

Employees are more likely to quit their jobs and be absent from work if they are dissatisfied with their jobs.

Question 29

The exit-voice-loyalty-neglect model states that some employees respond to their job dissatisfaction by patiently waiting for the problem to work itself out or get resolved by others.

Question 30

Employees can minimize the stress from emotional labor by actually changing their emotions to match the job requirements (deep acting),rather than displaying emotions contrary to their true emotions (surface acting).

Question 31

Job satisfaction represents a person's evaluation of his or her job and work context.

Question 32

The four dimensions of emotional intelligence form a hierarchy.

Question 33

Job satisfaction leads to improved job performance when performance is not linked to valued rewards.

Question 34

The dimensions of emotional intelligence are cognitive dissonance,continuance commitment,and emotional labor.

Question 35

Emotional labor may result in stress and job burnout when the prescribed emotions for a job conflict with the employee's true emotions.

Question 36

According to the exit-voice-loyalty-neglect model,some unsatisfied employees engage in "voice" by constructively recommending solutions to the source of their dissatisfaction.

Question 37

Emotional dissonance occurs when two or more people with notable differences in emotional intelligence interact with each other.

Question 38

Emotional dissonance refers to the conflict experienced between the emotions we are required to display and our true emotions in that situation.

Question 39

Jobs require more emotional labor when employees must display a variety of emotions,rather than just one or two.

Question 40

The relationship between job satisfaction and job performance would likely be stronger if more organizations provided valued rewards for good performance.

Question 41

Some level of stress is a necessary part of life for every individual.

Question 42

Eustress refers to the short-term causes of stress,whereas distress refers to long-term causes.

Question 43

Continuance commitment motivates employees to increase their work effort beyond expectations.

Question 44

Employees with higher job satisfaction tend to convey more friendliness and positive feelings to customers.

Question 45

Job satisfaction is an ethical issue that influences the organization's reputation in the community.

Question 46

Stress is an adaptive response to a situation that is perceived as challenging or threatening to the person's well-being.

Question 47

Work overload and job burnouts are also referred to as quid pro quo harassment at the workplace.

Question 48

High task control increases employee exposure to the risk of burnout.

Question 49

Organizational commitment refers to an employee's contractual obligation to provide a minimum amount of time and effort to the organization in return for a fair day's pay from the organization.

Question 50

Continuance commitment is a calculative decision to remain with the organization rather than an emotional attachment to the firm.

Question 51

Job burnout is a particular stress consequence process,which typically consists of three stages.

Question 52

The general adaptation syndrome describes the various consequences of stress.

Question 53

Financial incentives given to employees to stay with the organization usually reduces continuance commitment.

Question 54

Trust,employee involvement,and organizational comprehension tend to increase organizational commitment.

Question 55

Opportunities for employee involvement and increased social identity with the organization would increase the continuance commitment of employees.

Question 56

Any environmental condition that places a physical or emotional demand on a person is called a stressor.

Question 57

Employees with very high loyalty tend to have high conformity,which results in lower creativity.

Question 58

Employees with high levels of affective commitment tend to engage in more organizational citizenship behaviors.

Question 59

Trust is a reciprocal activity; to receive trust from employees,corporate leaders must demonstrate their trust in those employees.

Question 60

Affective commitment refers to a calculative attachment to remain in the organization.

Question 61

As soon as we receive sensory information,we nonconsciously tag some of that information with emotional markers.These markers are:

A) calculated feelings about an individual or incidents.
B) calculated feelings of a particular attitude or emotion.
C) behavioral intensions formed based on the beliefs of individuals.
D) innate emotional responses to thin slices of sensory information.
E) the internal beliefs that drives individuals of an organization.

Question 62

Emotions are defined as:

A) feelings that are not directed toward anything in particular.
B) our judgments about what is right or wrong.
C) our intentions to act towards the attitude object.
D) the cluster of beliefs, assessed feelings and behavioral intentions towards an attitude object.
E) physiological, behavioral, and psychological episodes experienced toward an object, person, or event that create a state of readiness.

Question 63

Beliefs,feelings,and behavioral intentions are components of:

A) attitudes.
B) the EVLN model.
C) organizational commitment.
D) emotions.
E) the psychological contract.

Question 64

Which of the following terms best represents the positive or negative evaluations of the attitude object?

A) Intentions
B) Behaviors
C) Feelings
D) Senses
E) Beliefs

Question 65

Work practices such as flexible and restricted work hours increase work-related stress.

Question 66

Many companies try to create positive experiences at work.Which of the following is the major reason for this?

A) It is mandatory for a multi-national company to have such work-conditions.
B) Work conditions can have an emotional influence on employee attitudes.
C) In order to promote an image of increased corporate social responsibility.
D) As part of the green marketing campaign which is popular around the world.
E) This would help the employers form a cognitive dissonance with the employees.

Question 67

Which of these statements represents the feelings dimension of attitudes?

A) I don't like how my boss treats his employees.
B) I want to transfer out of this department to get away from this manager.
C) My supervisor barks at his employees in public.
D) I intend to tell the human resource manager that my supervisor should be demoted.
E) I believe the current actions of the company will increase its competitiveness.

Question 68

Vacations and holidays allow employees to be withdrawn from various organizational stressors and reenergize for future challenges.

Question 69

Which of the following differences is similar to the difference between emotions and attitudes?

A) Eating something versus drinking something.
B) Experiencing something versus judging something.
C) Perceiving something versus behaving toward something.
D) Knowing about something versus doing something.
E) Espoused values versus enacted values.

Question 70

Anger,fear,joy,and sadness represent the:

A) beliefs that influence our attitudes towards something or someone.
B) first four stages of emotional labor.
C) different types of emotions.
D) four dimensions of job satisfaction.
E) four areas of the Johari Window.

Question 71

Which of the following is an effect of emotions?

A) They represent the cluster of beliefs and behavioral intentions toward a person.
B) They put us into a state of readiness.
C) They help us involve in conscious logical reasoning.
D) They enable us to have established perceptions about the attitude object.
E) They represent one's motivation to engage in a particular behavior.

Question 72

Social support cannot improve a person's resilience,but it can help a person withdraw from the stressor.

Question 73

Many companies have fitness centers or subsidize the cost of membership at off-site centers.This practice is intended to remove the stressor.

Question 74

Job sharing and telecommuting are usually considered ways to reduce stress through work/life balance.

Question 75

After working weeks on a difficult proposal for a client,Jack learns that the client has accepted the proposal and will award the contract to Jack's firm.When Jack hears this from his boss,he yelps 'Yahoo!' and automatically thrusts his fisted hand in the air.This action is an example of:

A) perceptions directly influencing beliefs.
B) behavioral intentions directly influencing behavior.
C) emotions directly influencing feelings.
D) beliefs directly influencing feelings.
E) emotions directly influencing behavior.

Question 76

Which of the following statements is true of emotions in the workplace?

A) They are physiological actions rather than behavioral actions.
B) Emotions last for a longer time period.
C) Emotions are directed toward someone or something.
D) They are also referred to as moods of individuals.
E) Emotions and moods are directed toward specific attitudes of others.

Question 77

Identify the term that represents your motivation to engage in a particular behavior regarding the attitude object.

A) Feelings
B) Senses
C) Beliefs
D) Behaviors
E) Intentions

Question 78

Emotions will have a greater influence on our perceptions,attitudes,decisions,and behavior than cognition because:

A) emotional processes often occur before cognitive processes.
B) cognitive processes are less significant for individual behaviors.
C) emotional processes are simpler when compared to cognitive processes.
D) emotional processes are more likely to result in negative behaviors.
E) cognitive processes are more likely to result in negative behaviors.

Question 79

Which of the following determine whether intentions translate into behavior?

A) External dimensions of your value system.
B) All four elements of the MARS model.
C) Internal or external locus of control.
D) Self-efficacy and self-esteem.
E) Tendency for self-enhancement.

Question 80

Which of the following terms refer to established perceptions about the attitude object?

A) Intentions
B) Feelings
C) Senses
D) Beliefs
E) Behaviors