Deck 17: Rocks and Minerals

Question 1

Which of the following minerals is most easily scratched?

A)diamond
B)quartz
C)orthoclase
D)calcite

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Most rocks are composed of minerals that are

A)carbonaceous.
B)metamorphic.
C)silicates.
D)igneous.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The most common rock type in Earth's crust is

A)igneous.
B)sedimentary.
C)metamorphic.
D)clastic.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Sedimentary rocks were formed from particles or dissolved materials from older rocks.

Question 5

The elements that occur most frequently in minerals found in the crust are

A)carbon and oxygen.
B)oxygen and iron.
C)magnesium and iron.
D)silicon and oxygen.

Question 6

Very rapid cooling of magma produces glass rather than a mineral.

Question 7

Basalt and granite are examples of metamorphic rocks.

Question 8

The various sedimentary rocks such as conglomerate and sandstone are identified by

A)mineral composition.
B)hardness.
C)degree of compaction.
D)particle size.

Question 9

Which of the following is not an example of a silicate mineral?

A)quartz
B)hornblende
C)limestone
D)feldspar

Question 10

Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks have undergone little change since Earth formed.

Question 11

Silicate minerals make up nearly a quarter of the minerals in Earth's crust.

Question 12

Fine-grained igneous rocks formed as magma cooled slowly.

Question 13

The most abundant elements in Earth's crust are

A)nitrogen and oxygen.
B)iron and aluminum.
C)silicon and oxygen.
D)aluminum and silicon.

Question 14

Granite and basalt are different because of their rate of cooling when they formed.

Question 15

The rock named schist has more foliation than the rock named slate.

Question 16

About how many minerals are common in Earth's crust?

A)10
B)20
C)100
D)2,000

Question 17

Which of the following does not belong with the others?

A)quartz
B)feldspar
C)hornblende
D)white mica

Question 18

Weathered sediments are pressed and cemented to form

A)sedimentary rocks.
B)metamorphic rocks.
C)igneous rocks.
D)ferromagnesians.

Question 19

Sandstone is sand that has been consolidated into a solid mass.

Question 20

Molten rock material from which minerals can crystallize is called magma.

Question 21

Which of the following does not belong with the others?

A)marble
B)quartzite
C)gypsum
D)schist

Question 22

Which igneous rock has the same chemical composition as basalt, but a different grain size?

A)granite
B)rhyolite
C)gabbro
D)diorite

Question 23

Igneous rocks that formed by cooling slowly from a molten magma will have

A)fine grains.
B)no grains.
C)coarse grains.
D)a glassy texture.

Question 24

Which of the following sedimentary rocks is not classified by the size of clastic sediment that formed the rock?

A)sandstone
B)shale
C)conglomerate
D)limestone

Question 25

The formation of which of the following rocks helps remove CO₂ from the atmosphere?

A)granite
B)limestone
C)sandstone
D)schist

Question 26

According to Bowen's reaction series, which mineral crystallizes at the lowest temperature?

A)olivine
B)quartz
C)biotite
D)feldspar

Question 27

An igneous rock with the same chemical composition as granite, but with a different grain texture is

A)basalt.
B)rhyolite.
C)gabbro.
D)andesite.

Question 28

It is believed that at one time all rocks of Earth were

A)igneous.
B)clastic sedimentary.
C)chemical sedimentary.
D)metamorphic.

Question 29

Which one of the following metamorphic rocks is different from the others?

A)quartzite
B)slate
C)schist
D)gneiss

Question 30

The rock cycle is a concept that predicts which of the following will undergo ongoing, constant change?

A)igneous
B)sedimentary
C)metamorphic
D)All of the above.