Deck 5: Nutrition

Question 1

Your body needs ______ essential minerals.

A)5
B)10
C)15
D)20

Answer 1

20

Question 2

Most adults need only ______ percent of their daily calorie intake in the form of fat.

A)10
B)15
C)20
D)25
E)30

Answer 2

15

Question 3

Of the following individuals, who needs the least protein?

A)Derek, a 300-pound manager
B)Christian, a 60-pound four-year-old
C)Michelle, a 140-pound mother-to-be
D)Scott, a 175-pound farmer
E)Sonja, a 120-pound nursing mother

Answer 3

Christian, a 60-pound four-year-old

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true about fats in food?

A)Fats are a primary source of quick energy.
B)Fats affect the texture and taste, but not the smell, of foods.
C)Fats depress appetite.
D)Fats are the principal form of stored energy in the body.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient?

A)protein
B)carbohydrates
C)fat
D)water
E)vitamins

Question 6

The fatty acids now considered most hazardous to health are the

A)polyunsaturated fatty acids.
B)monounsaturated fatty acids.
C)high density lipoprotein acids.
D)trans fatty acids.

Question 7

Mary burns 2,000 calories a day; she requires approximately _____ cups of water daily.

A)2 to 4
B)6 to 8
C)8 to 12
D)14 to 16

Question 8

MyPlate replaced the food pyramid previously promoted by the USDA because the food pyramid

A)overemphasized protein consumption.
B)was overly complicated and sometimes implied misleading information.
C)did not include antioxidants in its recommended food groups.
D)did not include fruit in its recommended food groups.

Question 9

The acceptable macronutrient distribution range (AMDR) for protein is _____ percent of daily energy intake.

A)1-10
B)10-35
C)45-60
D)70-80

Question 10

Your body needs at least ______ specific vitamins.

A)5
B)7
C)9
D)11
E)15

Question 11

Oxygen in the body is metabolized to produce unstable molecules called ________, which can damage cell structures and DNA.

A)antioxidants
B)phytochemicals
C)free radicals
D)phytoesterols

Question 12

The main provider of energy for the brain and nervous system is

A)glucose.
B)lactose.
C)galactose.
D)sucrose.
E)fructose.

Question 13

Which of the following food products is highest in unsaturated fats?

A)vegetable oils
B)palm oils
C)poultry
D)whole milk

Question 14

Which of the following can neutralize the effects of free radicals before they cause much damage?

A)phytoestrogens
B)antioxidants
C)phytotesterones
D)phytonutrients

Question 15

Which of the following is true of phytochemicals?

A)Nutritionists say most people should take them as supplements.
B)Research suggests they have many health benefits.
C)Only a limited number of foods contain them.
D)They are common biochemicals altered by radiation.

Question 16

All of the following are functions of water, EXCEPT

A)helping to regulate body temperature.
B)lubricating our moving parts.
C)absorbing and transporting nutrients.
D)providing energy for the nervous system.
E)carrying waste products out of the body.

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true about fiber?

A)Fiber is best obtained through pills and other fiber supplements.
B)Increases in daily fiber intake should be gradual.
C)Consuming excessive fiber can increase vitamin absorption.
D)The typical American diet provides about 25g of fiber a day.

Question 18

The main purpose of proteins is to

A)protect body organs and membranes.
B)help regulate body temperature.
C)build and maintain body tissue.
D)provide energy for the brain.

Question 19

When Kristi, a vegetarian, combines foods such as beans and rice to consume the right amino acids, she is practicing

A)protein matching.
B)mutual supplementation.
C)enzyme reduction.
D)weight management.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about vitamins and minerals is FALSE?

A)Consuming excessive amounts of vitamins or minerals can lead to toxicity.
B)Two types of vitamins exist-fat- and water-soluble.
C)Minerals are organic substances; vitamins are inorganic.
D)Vitamins and minerals are both micronutrients.

Question 21

Which of the following statements about

A)Some infections can be fatal to humans.
B)It occurs naturally in food crops.
C)Most people can ingest it without harm.
D)It dies quickly outside of its host.
E)coli is true?

Question 22

Although a person can live without other nutrients for a long time, one can only survive for a few days without water.

Question 23

Which of the following statements is true of energy drinks?

A)They will soon be banned by the FDA.
B)Long-term studies on their side effects indicate they are not a health risk.
C)Experts feel their potential benefits outweigh their risks.
D)They could be harmful if consumed in excess or at the wrong time.

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT included in the Institute of Medicine's recommended standard for front-of-package labels?

A)information about saturated and trans fats
B)information about sodium and added sugars
C)checkmarks to indicate when ingredients are within healthy ranges
D)the Institute of Medicine approval stamp

Question 25

Which of the following common practices creates the greatest risk of transmitting foodborne illnesses?

A)placing cold foods in a refrigerator immediately after grocery shopping
B)defrosting meat and poultry at room temperature
C)holding cooked foods at 150 ^$\circ$ F before serving
D)washing raw produce

Question 26

Most of the carbohydrates and other nutrients we need come from grains, seeds, fruits, and vegetables.

Question 27

The most common symptoms of food poisoning are

A)heart arrhythmias.
B)arthritis and kidney failure.
C)nausea, vomiting, and fever.
D)frequent urination and bloody diarrhea.

Question 28

Vitamin water contains about as many calories as a soft drink.

Question 29

Which of the following statements about sodium intake is true?

A)Most people should not try to reduce their sodium intake.
B)Most of the sodium in our diets comes from sources other than salt.
C)The maximum recommended sodium intake for adults is 100 milligrams per day.
D)Most Americans consume about 4,000 milligrams of sodium per day.

Question 30

The Environmental Protection Agency sets standards for water quality and inspects water supplies for bacteria and chemicals.

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT one of the eight foods most responsible for food allergies?

A)peanuts
B)wheat
C)chocolate
D)eggs

Question 32

Which of the following statements is TRUE of organic foods?

A)Research has confirmed their health advantages.
B)They pose a somewhat higher risk of causing food-borne illness.
C)They degrade soil and water and endanger the health of farm workers.
D)There are no current federal guidelines under which to certify them.

Question 33

Which of the following statements is true regarding food allergies?

A)Most food reactions are caused by food allergies.
B)Shellfish and fruits are not common allergenic foods.
C)Food allergies affect adults more than children.
D)Food allergies cause life-threatening reactions in many people.

Question 34

An individual's water needs vary according to the food he or she eats, the environmental temperature and humidity, his or her activity level, and other factors.

Question 35

Sweat contains electrolytes.

Question 36

Which of the following is a fruit or vegetable that carries little pesticide residue?

A)celery
B)apples
C)bananas
D)potatoes

Question 37

The FDA permits the use of the term light on food packaging if the product has

A)no trans fats.
B)one-third fewer calories or half the fat of the regular product.
C)fewer calories than similar products.
D)at least 25% less fat than the regular product.

Question 38

Approximately how many Americans die every year from foodborne illness?

A)1,000
B)3,000
C)8,000
D)15,000

Question 39

Taking nutritional supplements to provide essential nutrients is not necessary unless food intake is low or one has a condition causing a deficiency.

Question 40

Bottled water sold within the same state in which it was retrieved is exempt from FDA inspection.

Question 41

Many scientists estimate that trans fatty acids offer health benefits similar to those from polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats.

Question 42

Unlike overconsumption of certain vitamins, consumption of excessive amounts of minerals will not lead to toxicity.

Question 43

The USDA recommends Americans consume two servings of fish per week.

Question 44

A sudden increase in daily fiber, for example from 10g to 30g, may cause bloating, gas, and other problems, so increases should be made gradually.

Question 45

Vegetarian diets may offer protection against heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, digestive disorders, obesity, and some forms of cancer.

Question 46

Diets high in whole grains sometimes cause overeating because they do not make an individual feel full.

Question 47

Animal fats, found in meat, poultry, and whole-milk dairy products, are high in saturated fats, which tend to raise blood levels of cholesterol.

Question 48

The typical American consumes more than an adequate amount of fiber each day.

Question 49

Some cities now have ordinances that ban the use of trans fats in restaurants.

Question 50

Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats lower blood cholesterol levels or have no effect on them.

Question 51

Packaged-food labels are regulated by the FDA, while labeling of meat and poultry products is regulated by the USDA.

Question 52

Both MyPlate and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans differ significantly from current eating patterns in the United States.

Question 53

Mercury contamination is a concern with every type of fish.

Question 54

The top of the food label gives the total calories and the calories from fat.

Question 55

The AMDR for protein is 10-35 percent of daily energy intake.

Question 56

Vitamins A, D, E, and K are soluble only in water.

Question 57

Carbohydrates are the only source of energy for brain cells.

Question 58

The DASH Eating Plan was originally developed to reduce high blood pressure.

Question 59

Carbohydrates are the principal form of stored energy in the body.

Question 60

Young children should get a higher percentage of their calories from fat than adults.

Question 61

Asparagus, avocados, and bananas carry little pesticide residue, whether grown conventionally or organically.

Question 62

Nutrients (chemical substances used by the body to build, maintain, and repair tissues) that cannot be manufactured by the human body are called ________ nutrients.

Question 63

The least healthy options at fast-food restaurants are cheeseburgers and French fries.

Question 64

A majority of food poisoning outbreaks are attributed to food eaten at home.

Question 65

Energy drinks should not be consumed immediately after a vigorous workout.

Question 66

Data from the Centers for Disease Control suggest that every year approximately 48 million people get sick from foodborne illness.

Question 67

About 60 percent of processed foods now sold contain a genetically modified ingredient.

Question 68

Eggs, peanuts, and milk are three of the eight foods that account for 90 percent of food allergies.

Question 69

Artificial sweeteners are generally considered safe if consumed in recommended amounts.

Question 70

Most food reactions are caused by food allergies rather than food intolerance.

Question 71

Nutrients needed in large amount in the body are called ________.

Question 72

Most fast food restaurants will provide nutritional brochures to customers, if requested.

Question 73

There is no treatment or cure for food allergies.

Question 74

Research has not demonstrated that organic foods are healthier and safer than conventionally grown foods.

Question 75

Dietary ________ Intakes (DRIs) is an umbrella term developed by the National Academies' Food and Nutrition Board for four dietary measurements: estimated average requirement, recommended dietary allowances, adequate intake, and tolerable upper intake level.

Question 76

Eggs containing salmonella enteritis are the number-one cause of food poisoning outbreaks in the nation.

Question 77

The label "organic" means that all contents are organic.

Question 78

The FDA has concluded that all genetically modified food products require special safety testing.

Question 79

The use of some food descriptors, such as "low-fat," "light," and "fat free" are regulated by the FDA.

Question 80

Another measure, the ________ Macronutrient Distribution Range, is the amount of a particular nutrient an individual can consume without risking chronic disease.