Deck 5: A Survey of Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

Question 1

The cytoskeleton

A)anchors organelles.
B)provides support.
C)functions in movements of the cytoplasm.
D)helps maintain cell shape.
E)All of these choices are correct.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

An organelle that is a stack of flattened, membranous sacs and functions to receive, modify, and package proteins for cell secretion is the

A)mitochondria.
B)lysosomes.
C)Golgi apparatus.
D)chloroplasts.
E)endoplasmic reticulum.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Filamentous fungi are called

A)pseudohyphae.
B)septa.
C)molds.
D)dimorphic.
E)mycelium.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Eukaryotic flagella differ from prokaryotic flagella because only eukaryotic flagella

A)are used for cell motility.
B)facilitate chemotaxis.
C)facilitate phototaxis.
D)are long whip-like structures.
E)contain microtubules.

Question 5

Protists with contractile vacuoles

A)are algae.
B)use them to expel excess water from the cell.
C)typically live in salty seawater.
D)use them for motility.
E)All of these choices are correct.

Question 6

The endosymbiotic theory says that precursor eukaryotic cells acquired mitochondria by endosymbiosis with a _____ ancestor, and others gained photosynthetic ability from endosymbiosis with a _____ ancestor.

A)protozoan, algae
B)archaea, cyanobacteria
C)rickettsial, cyanobacteria
D)helminth, algae
E)None of the choices are correct.

Question 7

Which organelle contains cristae where enzymes and electron carriers for aerobic respiration are found?

A)mitochondria
B)lysosomes
C)Golgi apparatus
D)chloroplasts
E)endoplasmic reticulum

Question 8

The cell's series of tunnel-like membranes functioning in transport and storage are the

A)mitochondria.
B)lysosomes.
C)Golgi apparatus.
D)chloroplasts.
E)endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 9

Protists include

A)yeasts and molds.
B)algae and protozoa.
C)helminths.
D)All of these choices are correct.

Question 10

Cell walls are not found on typical cells of

A)protozoa.
B)algae.
C)fungi.
D)bacteria.
E)All of these choices are correct.

Question 11

Which of the following is found in eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells?

A)nucleus
B)mitochondria
C)endoplasmic reticulum
D)lysosomes
E)All of these choices are correct.

Question 12

The eukaryotic cell organelle that most resembles a bacterial cell is the

A)nucleus.
B)Golgi apparatus.
C)mitochondria.
D)lysosome.
E)ribosome.

Question 13

Chitin is a chemical component of the cell walls of

A)protozoa.
B)algae.
C)fungi.
D)bacteria.
E)All of these choices are correct.

Question 14

Cilia are found in certain

A)protozoa.
B)algae.
C)fungi.
D)bacteria.
E)All of these choices are correct.

Question 15

Organelles found in algae but not found in protozoa or fungi are the

A)mitochondria.
B)lysosomes.
C)Golgi apparatus.
D)chloroplasts.
E)endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 16

The eukaryotic cell's glycocalyx is

A)mostly polysaccharide.
B)the site where many metabolic reactions occur.
C)also called the cell wall.
D)composed of many diverse proteins.
E)protection against osmotic lysis.

Question 17

The size of a eukaryotic cell ribosome is

A)30S.
B)40S.
C)50S.
D)70S.
E)80S.

Question 18

The site for ribosomal RNA synthesis in eukaryotes is the

A)ribosome.
B)nucleolus.
C)nucleus.
D)Golgi apparatus.
E)lysosome.

Question 19

When a eukaryotic cell is not undergoing mitosis, the DNA and its associated proteins appear as a visible thread-like mass called the

A)nuclear envelope.
B)nucleosome.
C)nucleolus.
D)nucleoplasm.
E)chromatin.

Question 20

Histones are

A)found in polyribosomes.
B)enzymes found in lysosomes.
C)proteins of the cytoskeleton.
D)proteins associated with DNA in the nucleus.
E)on the surface of rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 21

In order to reproduce sexually, diploid cells must produce _________ gametes through ________.

A)diploid; mitosis
B)diploid; meiosis
C)haploid; mitosis
D)haploid; meiosis
E)triploid; mitosis

Question 22

Fungal spores

A)are only produced under harmful environmental conditions.
B)are only asexually produced.
C)cannot be seen in a light microscope.
D)are produced by molds but not by yeasts.
E)are used to identify fungi.

Question 23

Which of the following spores are sexually produced?

A)chlamydospores
B)sporangiospores
C)blastospores
D)arthrospores
E)zygospores

Question 24

What do zygospores, ascospores, and basidiospores have in common?

A)They are enclosed in a sac.
B)They are types of conidia.
C)They are sexual spores.
D)They are found only in molds.
E)All of these choices are correct.

Question 25

Which is not a characteristic of fungi?

A)Fungal cells have cell walls.
B)Fungi are photosynthetic.
C)Fungi include single-celled and filamentous forms.
D)Fungi are heterotrophs.
E)Fungi can use a wide variety of nutrients.

Question 26

The group of protozoa that have flagella are the

A)Sarcodina.
B)Ciliophora.
C)Mastigophora.
D)Apicomplexa.

Question 27

Which of the following spores are produced within a sac?

A)chlamydospores
B)sporangiospores
C)blastospores
D)arthrospores
E)zygospores

Question 28

Blooms of certain dinoflagellates are associated with all of the following except

A)paralytic shellfish poisoning.
B)red tides.
C)ciguatera.
D)Pfiesteria piscicida.
E)euglenids.

Question 29

All of the following are found in some or all protozoa except

A)motility.
B)ectoplasm and endoplasm.
C)heterotrophic nutrition.
D)formation of a cyst stage.
E)cell wall.

Question 30

The stacks of thylakoids in a chloroplast are called

A)grana.
B)stroma.
C)mesosomes.
D)cristae.
E)packages.

Question 31

All of the following are helminths except

A)pinworms.
B)flukes.
C)trypanosomes.
D)roundworms.
E)tapeworms.

Question 32

Which is mismatched?

A)Giardia - transmitted by feces in drinking water
B)Histoplasma - causes Ohio Valley fever
C)Trichomonas - sexually transmitted
D)Plasmodium - causes Chaga's disease
E)Saccharomyces - yeast in making bread and beer

Question 33

When buds remain attached, they form a chain of yeast cells called

A)pseudohyphae.
B)septa.
C)molds.
D)dimorphic.
E)mycelium.

Question 34

Larvae and eggs are developmental forms of

A)protozoa.
B)algae.
C)helminths.
D)fungi.

Question 35

Which is mismatched?

A)Pyrrophyta - euglenids
B)Chrysophyta - diatoms
C)Phaeophyta - brown algae
D)Rhodophyta - red seaweed
E)Chlorophyta - green algae

Question 36

A mold is observed to have asexual conidia, sexual spores within a sac, and septate hyphae.It is most likely classified in the

A)Zygomycota.
B)Ascomycota.
C)Basidiomycota.
D)Deuteromycota.
E)Fungi Imperfecti.

Question 37

Fungi that grow as yeast at one temperature but will grow as mold at another temperature are called

A)dimorphic.
B)saprobes.
C)pseudohyphae.
D)spores.
E)Fungi Imperfecti (Deuteromycota).

Question 38

The motile feeding stage of protozoa is called the

A)trophozoite.
B)cyst.
C)sporozoite.
D)oocyst.
E)food vacuole.

Question 39

Which of the following does not pertain to helminths?

A)in kingdom Protista
B)parasitic worms
C)eggs and sperm for reproduction
D)often alternate hosts in complex life cycles
E)have various organ systems

Question 40

Both fish and humans develop neurological symptoms and bloody skin lesions due to a sudden "bloom" of this algae.2013

A)Prototheca
B)Pfiesteria piscicida
C)diatoms
D)Phaeophyta
E)All of these choices are correct.

Question 41

Which of the following are present in viruses?

A)Mitochondria
B)Cytoskeleton
C)Pigments
D)Endoplasmic reticulum
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 42

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum functions in synthesis of ___________.

A)glycogen
B)proteins
C)glucose
D)nucleic acids
E)lipids

Question 43

The eukaryotic cell membrane is a bilayer of sterols.

Question 44

Biologists have found evidence that eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic organisms by a process of intracellular _____.

Question 45

There are nine peripheral pairs and one central pair of _____ found inside eukaryotic flagella and cilia.

Question 46

All fungi have hyphae.

Question 47

Fungi are autotrophic.

Question 48

Chromosomes are not visible in the nucleus unless the cell is undergoing nuclear division.

Question 49

The only division of Fungi that contains human pathogens is the Deuteromycota.

Question 50

Sources for human infection with worms are all of the following except

A)infected animals.
B)contaminated food.
C)contaminated water.
D)contaminated soil.
E)contaminated air.

Question 51

Eukaryotic mitochondria have their own 70S ribosomes and circular DNA.

Question 52

Which of the following is in the correct order?

A)cytokinesis, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
B)metaphase, anaphase, cytokinesis, telophase
C)prophase, cytokinesis, telophase, anaphase
D)interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
E)All of these choices are correct.

Question 53

Which of the following is the cause of malaria?

A)Toxoplasma gondii
B)Plasmodium
C)Giardia
D)Leishmania
E)Trypanosoma

Question 54

Plankton are floating communities of helminths.

Question 55

All of the following are correct about helminths except

A)they generally make only a few eggs per day.
B)they are not all parasites, although some are.
C)as parasites, their reproductive organs are their most developed organs.
D)their eggs and larvae are vulnerable to heat.
E)tapeworms and pinworms are two examples.

Question 56

The organelle involved in intracellular digestion of food particles is the

A)Golgi apparatus.
B)lysosome.
C)mitochondria.
D)transitional vesicle.
E)smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 57

Algae are classified into divisions based principally on their type of motility.

Question 58

Infections caused by fungi are called mycoses.

Question 59

All algae have chloroplasts.

Question 60

On what basis are fungi classified as Fungi Imperfecti, or Deuteromycota?

A)based on their ability to cause diseases in animals
B)based on whether they have a cap containing gills
C)based on if the fungus lacks a sexual state
D)based on if they have a special fungal sac
E)based on if they can grow in acidic soil

Question 61

Compare and contrast the physical characteristics of protozoans, yeasts, and algae.

Question 62

A protein being synthesized by a cell for export would follow which pathway in the cell?

A)ribosome to cell membrane
B)ribosome to endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi apparatus to cell membrane
C)ribosome to Golgi apparatus to endoplasmic reticulum to cell membrane
D)ribosome to lysosome to endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi apparatus to cell membrane

Question 63

In eukaryotic cells, the structure primarily responsible for the adherence of cells to surfaces in the environment and the formation of biofilms is the

A)glycocalyx.
B)cell wall.
C)cell membrane.
D)cilia.
E)flagella.

Question 64

Compare and contrast the morphology of cestodes, trematodes, and nematodes.

Question 65

To provide motility, prokaryotic flagella whip back and forth while eukaryotic flagella rotate.

Question 66

Which group of protozoans are generally nonmotile?

A)Sarcodina
B)Ciliophora
C)Mastigophora
D)Apicomplexa

Question 67

A _____ originates from the Golgi apparatus as one type of vesicle that contains a variety of enzymes for intracellular digestion.

Question 68

In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes have two locations: scattered free in the _____, and bound on the surface of the
_____.

Question 69

Compare and contrast the yeasts and molds with regard to: a) microscopic cellular morphology, b) macroscopic colony morphology, and c) reproduction.

Question 70

The passageways in the nuclear envelope for movement of substances to and from the nucleus and cytoplasm are called nuclear _____.

Question 71

During unfavorable growth conditions, many protozoa can convert to a resistant, dormant stage called a
_____.

Question 72

Discuss in detail, at least four reasons why fungi belong in their own kingdom instead of the kingdoms Plantae or Protista.

Question 73

The long, thread-like branching cells of molds are called _____.

Question 74

Which organism(s) would be classified as protists?

A)an endospore-forming bacterial cell
B)a fungus growing on the peel of an orange
C)algae in a pond
D)seaweed growing in the ocean
E)a parasitic amoeba that can cause meningitis.

Question 75

Chloroplasts are composed of membranous sacs called _____ that carry chlorophyll.Surrounding these sacs is a ground substance called the _____.

Question 76

Compare and contrast protozoan cysts, fungal spores, and bacterial endospores with regard to: a) the factors that stimulate their formation, b) their structure, and c) their function.

Question 77

Discuss the role of specific algal and fungal toxins in human disease.

Question 78

Proteins associated with DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells are called _______.

Question 79

Eukaryotic taxonomy includes the study of

A)protists.
B)plants.
C)animals.
D)viruses.
E)fungi.
F)bacteria.

Question 80

The major structural elements of a eukaryotic cytoskeleton include

A)microfilaments.
B)microtubules.
C)collagen fibers.
D)fimbriae.
E)calcium carbonate.