Deck 7: Axial Skeleton

Question 1

The skull consists of _____ cranial bones and _____ facial bones.

A)8;14
B)7;12
C)10;12
D)5;7
E)9;11

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The thoracic cage includes

A)the sternum,the clavicles,and 12 ribs.
B)the sternum,12 thoracic vertebrae,and 12 ribs.
C)12 thoracic vertebrae and 24 ribs.
D)the sternum and 24 ribs.
E)the hyoid bone,the sternum,the clavicles,and 24 ribs.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which bone bears the superior and inferior temporal lines?

A)Temporal
B)Occipital
C)Parietal
D)Frontal
E)Zygomatic

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which is not a cranial bone?

A)Vomer
B)Frontal
C)Occipital
D)Temporal
E)Parietal

Question 5

Foramina in the skull serve as passageways for blood vessels,nerves,and other structures.Which of these foramina is covered by connective tissue in adults,and therefore does not serve as a passageway?

A)Foramen lacerum
B)Foramen rotundum
C)Foramen ovale
D)Foramen spinosum
E)Foramen magnum

Question 6

What is the function of the nuchal lines?

A)Attachment for dura mater
B)Attachment for muscles and ligaments
C)Passageway for cranial nerves
D)Passageway for jugular vein
E)Grooves for dural sinuses

Question 7

Which of these skull bones cannot be palpated?

A)Frontal
B)Temporal
C)Occipital
D)Parietal
E)Ethmoid

Question 8

Which part of the temporal bone includes the internal acoustic meatus?

A)Petrous
B)Mastoid
C)Squamous
D)Tympanic
E)Styloid

Question 9

Which is not a feature of the ethmoid bone?

A)Cribriform foramina
B)Perpendicular plate
C)Crista galli
D)Inferior nasal concha
E)Orbital plate

Question 10

Which bone bears the infraorbital foramen?

A)Frontal
B)Temporal
C)Mandible
D)Maxilla
E)Zygomatic

Question 11

The zygomatic process of the temporal bone and the _________ process of the zygomatic bone form the zygomatic arch.

A)zygomatic
B)maxillary
C)frontal
D)temporal
E)mastoid

Question 12

The _______ suture is the articulation between the occipital bone and both parietal bones.

A)lambdoid
B)coronal
C)sagittal
D)squamous
E)frontal

Question 13

Which of these bones does not contribute to the region known as the pterion?

A)Frontal
B)Sphenoid
C)Occipital
D)Parietal
E)Temporal

Question 14

Of the four largest types of sutures in the skull,which are paired?

A)Lambdoid and sagittal
B)Lambdoid and squamous
C)Squamous only
D)Lambdoid only
E)Coronal and squamous

Question 15

Which bones form the calvaria?

A)Occipital and parietals
B)Parietals and frontal
C)Occipital,parietals,and temporals
D)Occipital,parietals,and frontal
E)Occipital,parietals,temporals,and frontal

Question 16

The portion of the sphenoid bone that houses the pituitary gland is the

A)pterygoid process.
B)pterygoid plate.
C)greater wing.
D)lesser wing.
E)sella turcica.

Question 17

Which bone is not part of the axial skeleton?

A)Malleus
B)Sacrum
C)Clavicle
D)Atlas
E)Frontal bone

Question 18

Which of the cranial bones feature a squamous part?

A)Occipital,temporal,and sphenoid
B)Frontal,temporal and occipital
C)Sphenoid and ethmoid
D)Frontal,sphenoid,and temporal
E)Occipital,parietal,and ethmoid

Question 19

What is the approximate volume of the adult cranial cavity?

A)100-300 cc
B)500-700 cc
C)1000-1200 cc
D)1300-1500 cc
E)1800-2000 cc

Question 20

Which bone is not paired?

A)Maxilla
B)Mandible
C)Lacrimal
D)Nasal
E)Zygomatic

Question 21

The pterygoid spines and optic canals are features of the _____ bone.

A)ethmoid
B)temporal
C)sphenoid
D)occipital
E)frontal

Question 22

Which bones form the inferior margin of the orbit?

A)Maxilla and zygomatic
B)Frontal and sphenoid
C)Palatine and sphenoid
D)Lacrimal and ethmoid
E)Zygomatic and sphenoid

Question 23

Which bone bears the mandibular fossa?

A)Maxilla
B)Temporal
C)Zygomatic
D)Mandible
E)Frontal

Question 24

The membranous sheets that connect developing cranial bones are called

A)sutures.
B)fontanelles.
C)intraosseous membranes.
D)craniochondral articulations.
E)ossicles.

Question 25

Which bone is not part of the facial complex?

A)Temporal
B)Mandible
C)Zygomatic
D)Maxilla
E)Nasal

Question 26

The incisive foramen and palatine process are features of the

A)mandible.
B)palatine bone.
C)vomer.
D)maxilla.
E)temporal bone.

Question 27

The _________ process of the mandible articulates with the temporal bone.

A)alveolar
B)condylar
C)mastoid
D)temporal
E)coronoid

Question 28

A perpendicular plate is a feature of the _____ and _____ bones.

A)palatine;lacrimal
B)ethmoid;sphenoid
C)palatine;ethmoid
D)nasal;lacrimal
E)maxilla;zygomatic

Question 29

Which is not a correct pairing of bone and feature?

A)Occipital bone - foramen magnum
B)Sphenoid bone - foramen rotundum
C)Temporal bone - carotid canal
D)Frontal bone - supraorbital foramen
E)Parietal bone - mental foramen

Question 30

Which bone is unpaired?

A)Lacrimal
B)Vomer
C)Inferior nasal concha
D)Palatine
E)Maxilla

Question 31

The jugular foramen is located between the _____ and _____ bones.

A)temporal;parietal
B)sphenoid;ethmoid
C)sphenoid;occipital
D)occipital;temporal
E)occipital;parietal

Question 32

Which bone bears the greater and lesser cornua?

A)Maxilla
B)Stapes
C)Hyoid
D)Incus
E)Mandible

Question 33

What is the location of the auditory ossicles?

A)Petrous part of temporal bone
B)Squamous part of temporal bone
C)Tympanic part of temporal bone
D)Auditory part of temporal bone
E)Mastoid part of temporal bone

Question 34

Which of these is not a paranasal sinus?

A)Maxillary sinus
B)Ethmoid sinus
C)Sphenoid sinus
D)Mastoid sinus
E)Frontal sinus

Question 35

Which cranial fossa supports the cerebellum?

A)Anterior
B)Posterior
C)Middle
D)Lateral
E)Medial

Question 36

Which is characteristic of a female skull,as compared to a male skull?

A)Chin pointed and triangular
B)Mandibular angle greater than 125 degrees
C)Little or no prominence to superciliary arches
D)External surface of occipital bone relatively smooth
E)All of the choices are characteristic of a female skull.

Question 37

Which facial bone is shaped like the letter "L"?

A)Nasal
B)Lacrimal
C)Vomer
D)Palatine
E)Zygomatic

Question 38

What is the function of the cribriform plate?

A)Permits air to enter the cranial cavity to cool the brain
B)Provides large surface area for muscle attachment
C)Permits passage of the olfactory nerves
D)Forms part of the nasal septum
E)Articulates with the atlas for rotational head movement

Question 39

Which bones articulate with the zygomatic bone?

A)Frontal,temporal,and maxilla
B)Temporal and maxilla
C)Temporal and parietal
D)Frontal,parietal,and occipital
E)Temporal,sphenoid,and maxilla

Question 40

Developmentally,the most significant growth in the skull occurs

A)between the ages of 5 and 10.
B)between the ages of 10 and 15.
C)before age 5.
D)between the ages of 15 and 20.
E)between the ages of 20 and 25.

Question 41

The vertebral column includes ___ cervical,___ thoracic,and ___ lumbar vertebrae.

A)5;12;7
B)6;14;6
C)7;13;4
D)7;12;5
E)6;13;5

Question 42

Which of the spinal curves form when a child is about 12 months of age?

A)Sacral
B)Lumbar
C)Cervical
D)Thoracic
E)Coccygeal

Question 43

Which of these features is found in a lumbar vertebra?

A)Pedicles
B)Vertebral foramen
C)Spinous process
D)Vertebral arch
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 44

Which feature is unique to the axis?

A)Dens
B)Bifid spinous process
C)Superior articular facet
D)Transverse foramen
E)Vertebral foramen

Question 45

Each auricular surface of the sacrum is located on a(n)

A)ala.
B)median sacral crest.
C)sacral cornu.
D)apex.
E)spinous process.

Question 46

Which curves of the vertebral column are present at birth?

A)Thoracic and sacral
B)Lumbar and cervical
C)Lumbar and sacral
D)Cervical and thoracic
E)Lumbar and thoracic

Question 47

The spinal cord terminates at an opening in the sacrum called the

A)anterior sacral foramen.
B)sacral canal.
C)posterior sacral foramen.
D)inferior sacral foramen.
E)sacral hiatus.

Question 48

The vertebral processes that are most easily palpated along the midline of the back are the _____ processes.

A)transverse
B)inferior articular
C)superior articular
D)lamellar
E)spinous

Question 49

Which is not a function of the vertebral column?

A)Supporting the weight of the head
B)Maintaining upright body position
C)Passageway for cranial nerves
D)Passageway for spinal nerves
E)Protecting the spinal cord

Question 50

What is the correct order for the vertebral regions,from superior to inferior?

A)Cervical - thoracic - sacral - coccygeal - lumbar
B)Thoracic - sacral - lumbar - cervical - coccygeal
C)Cervical - thoracic - lumbar - sacral - coccygeal
D)Thoracic - coccygeal - cervical - lumbar - sacral
E)Thoracic - cervical - lumbar - coccygeal - sacral

Question 51

Which features are found only on thoracic vertebrae?

A)Costal facets and demifacets
B)Transverse foramina
C)Spinous processes
D)Vertebral foramina
E)Laminae

Question 52

The clavicles articulate with the sternum at the _____ notches.

A)clavicular
B)suprasternal
C)cleidosternal
D)jugular
E)first costal

Question 53

Transverse foramina are found in _____ vertebrae.

A)thoracic
B)lumbar
C)cervical
D)sacral
E)all

Question 54

The inner,gelatinous region of each intervertebral disc is called the

A)annulus fibrosus.
B)nucleus pulposus.
C)lamella.
D)chondral ring.
E)articular ring.

Question 55

The _________ provide passageways for spinal nerves to exit the vertebral column and travel to other parts of the body.

A)vertebral foramina
B)intervertebral foramina
C)vertebral canals
D)articular facets
E)transverse foramina

Question 56

The sternal angle can be used as an anatomical landmark to identify the position of the

A)apex of the heart.
B)jugular vein.
C)second rib.
D)trachea.
E)hyoid bone.

Question 57

The occipital condyles articulate with the

A)axis.
B)atlas.
C)dens.
D)vertebra prominens.
E)odontoid process.

Question 58

The superior portion of the sternum is called the

A)xiphoid process.
B)manubrium.
C)body.
D)gladiolus.
E)coccyx.

Question 59

Which cervical vertebra is also known as the vertebra prominens?

A)C1
B)C2
C)C4
D)C5
E)C7

Question 60

How many pairs of ribs articulate (directly or indirectly)with the sternum?

A)7
B)12
C)10
D)5
E)24

Question 61

This figure shows a lateral view of the skull.Which number indicates the lambdoid suture?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)The lambdoid suture is not shown on this figure.

Question 62

This figure shows the thoracic cage.What vertebra is indicated by number 8?

A)L1
B)L2
C)T1
D)T12
E)T10

Question 63

This figure shows the major cavities within the skull.Which number indicates the frontal sinus?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)The frontal sinus is not shown on this figure.

Question 64

Which is not true about aging of the skeleton?

A)Bone density decreases with age.
B)Articulating surfaces deteriorate with age.
C)Many bones fuse with age.
D)Bone mass increases with age.
E)No exceptions;all choices are true.

Question 65

This figure shows a superior view of the cranial cavity.Which number indicates the sella turcica?

A)1
B)3
C)4
D)9
E)10

Question 66

Which bone count is not correct for a normal adult human?

A)14 facial bones
B)7 pairs of true ribs
C)7 lumbar vertebrae
D)6 auditory ossicles
E)8 cranial bones

Question 67

This figure shows a lateral view of the skull.What bone is visible within the suture indicated by number 3?

A)Wormian bone
B)Sesamoid bone
C)Pterygoid bone
D)Condylar bone
E)Lambdoid bone

Question 68

This figure shows the major cavities within the skull.Which number indicates the sphenoid sinus?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)The sphenoid sinus is not shown on this figure.

Question 69

This figure shows a superior view of a vertebra.Which number indicates the spinous process?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)6
E)7

Question 70

This figure shows the thoracic cage.Which number(s)indicate a costal notch?

A)2,3
B)3
C)2,3,6
D)2,6
E)3,6

Question 71

This figure shows the thoracic cage.Which number indicates the xiphoid process?

A)1
B)4
C)5
D)7
E)The xiphoid process is not labeled on this figure.

Question 72

This figure shows a superior view of the cranial cavity.Which number indicates the foramen spinosum?

A)2
B)5
C)6
D)7
E)8

Question 73

Which is not true about development of the axial skeleton?

A)The sternum forms by fusion of the sternal bars.
B)The parietal and frontal bones develop by intramembranous ossification.
C)The sphenoid bone forms by endochondral ossification.
D)The vertebrae form secondary ossification centers at puberty.
E)The ribs and clavicles form from schlerotomes.

Question 74

This figure shows a superior view of a vertebra.Which numbers indicate structures that articulate with another vertebra?

A)1,3
B)1,3,5
C)1,2,3
D)3
E)1,2,3,5

Question 75

This figure shows a superior view of the cranial cavity.Which number indicates the crista galli?

A)1
B)3
C)9
D)10
E)The crista galli is not labeled on this figure.

Question 76

Rib 1 articulates with vertebra ______ and the ______.

A)T1;body of the sternum
B)T2;body of the sternum
C)T1;manubrium of the sternum
D)C7;manubrium of the sternum
E)T2;clavicle

Question 77

This figure shows a superior view of the cranial cavity.Which number indicates the hypoglossal canal?

A)2
B)5
C)6
D)7
E)8

Question 78

This figure shows a superior view of a vertebra.What feature is indicated by number 4?

A)Transverse foramen
B)Intervertebral foramen
C)Vertebral canal
D)Neural canal
E)Vertebral foramen

Question 79

This figure shows a lateral view of the skull.Which number indicates the styloid process?

A)4
B)5
C)6
D)7
E)The styloid process is not shown on this figure.

Question 80

How many pairs of ribs are "floating ribs" that do not articulate with the sternum?

A)5
B)2
C)7
D)12
E)10