Deck 18: Hydrogen, oxygen, and Water

Question 1

Which is not an isotope of hydrogen?

A)hydrogen-1
B)hydrogen-2
C)hydrogen-3
D)hydrogen-4

Answer 1

hydrogen-4

Question 2

What is the total volume of the mixture of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas can be obtained from the electrolysis of 90.0 grams of water at 25.0°C and 1.00 atm pressure according to the chemical equation shown below?
2 H₂O(l) 2 H₂(g)+ O₂(g)

A)61.1 L
B)122 L
C)183 L
D)366 L

Answer 2

183 L

Question 3

If the molar mass of monoatomic deuterium (D)is 2.0141 grams then what is the density of diatomic deuterium (D₂)gas at 25.0°C and 1.00 atmosphere pressure?

A)0)082 g/L
B)0)165 g/L
C)0)329 g/L
D)12.2 g/L

Answer 3

0)165 g/L

Question 4

Hydrogen,H₂,has a very low boiling point.What is the force that must be overcome in order to boil hydrogen?

A)dipole-dipole
B)H-H covalent bonding
C)hydrogen bonding
D)London dispersion

Question 5

The strongest homonuclear single bond is

A)H-H
B)C-C
C)N-N
D)O-O

Question 6

What is not a commercial method for the preparation of hydrogen gas?

A)H₂O(g)+ CH₄(g)→ CO(g)+ 3 H₂(g)
B)2 H₂O(l)→ 2 H₂(g)+ O₂(g)
C)H₂O(g)+ C(s)→ CO(g)+ H₂(g)
D)4 H₂O(g)+ 3 Fe → Fe₃O₄(s)+ 4 H₂(g)

Question 7

How many grams of zinc metal are required to produce 1.00 liter of hydrogen gas at STP according to the chemical equation shown below?

A)0)0343 g
B)2)92 g
C)5)84 g
D)65.4 g

Question 8

Which is an ionic binary hydride?

A)HCl
B)KH
C)both HCl and KH
D)neither HCl nor KH

Question 9

How many liters of hydrogen gas are needed to produce 90.0 grams of water at 25.0°C and 1.00 atm pressure according to the chemical equation shown below?
2 H₂(g)+ O₂(g)→ 2 H₂O(l)

A)61.1 L
B)122 L
C)183 L
D)366 L

Question 10

How many kilojoules of energy are released when 90.0 grams of water are produced in the reaction shown below?
2 H₂(g)+ O₂(g)→ 2 H₂O(l)ΔH° = -572 kJ

A)5720 kJ
B)2860 kJ
C)1430 kJ
D)715 kJ

Question 11

The dissociation of D₂O is shown below.
D₂O ⇌ D⁺(aq)+ OD^-(aq)K = 1.95 × 10^-15 at 25°C
In order to be acidic a D₂O solution must have a pH (= pD)that is

A)greater than 7.00
B)greater than 7.35
C)less than 7.00
D)less than 7.35

Question 12

Which isotope of diatomic hydrogen should have the highest heat of vaporization?

A)H₂
B)D₂
C)T₂
D)The values are equal.

Question 13

The largest single industrial use of hydrogen is

A)in the synthesis of methanol.
B)in the synthesis of ammonia.
C)in the hydrogenation of fats and oils.
D)as an automobile fuel.

Question 14

Differences in the physical properties of H₂O and D₂O are due to isotope effects.Which comparison is not correct? Compared to H₂O,D₂O has a higher

A)boiling point.
B)density.
C)dissociation constant.
D)melting point.

Question 15

Write a chemical equation representing the water gas shift reaction.

A)H₂O(g)+ CH₄(g)→ CO(g)+ 3 H₂(g)
B)2 H₂O(l)→ 2 H₂(g)+ O₂(g)
C)CO(g)+ H₂O(g)→ CO₂(g)+ H₂(g)
D)4 H₂O(g)+ 3 Fe → Fe₃O₄(s)+ 4 H₂(g)

Question 16

What is the Lewis electron dot structure for the hydride ion?

A)H⁺
B)H: ^-
C)H ∙
D)H₃O⁺

Question 17

The first step in the steam-hydrocarbon re-forming process is shown below.
H₂O(g)+ CH₄(g)→ CO(g)+ 3 H₂(g
What is the change in oxidation number of the atom undergoing oxidation in this reaction?

A)- 2
B)+ 1
C)+ 2
D)+ 6

Question 18

How many grams of H₂ gas gas can be produced by the reaction of 27.0 grams of Al(s)with an excess of dilute hydrochloric acid in the reaction shown below?
2 Al(s)+ 6 HCl(aq)→ 2 AlCl₃(aq)+ 3 H₂(g)

A)1)34 g
B)2)02 g
C)3)03 g
D)6)06 g

Question 19

Consider the hypothetical isotope of hydrogen,quadrium,Q = ⁴H.Q₂O would have a melting point that is (higher,lower)and a dissociation constant K_w that is (larger smaller)than H₂O.

A)higher,larger
B)higher,smaller
C)lower,larger
D)lower,smaller

Question 20

Which individual is generally given credit for the discovery of hydrogen gas?

A)Cavendish
B)Davy
C)Lavoisier
D)Priestley

Question 21

How many liters of hydrogen gas can be generated by reacting 6.25 grams of barium hydride with water at 20°C and 755 mm Hg pressure according to the chemical equation shown below?
BaH₂(s)+ 2 H₂O(l)→ Ba(OH)₂(aq)+ 2 H₂(g)

A)0)148 L
B)0)540 L
C)1)08 L
D)2)17 L

Question 22

How many liters of O₂ gas at 25°C and 1.00 atm pressure are needed to react with 120.5 grams of potassium hydride according to the chemical equation shown below?
2 KH(s)+ O₂(g)→ H₂O(g)+ K₂O(s)

A)18.4 L
B)36.7 L
C)73.5 L
D)147 L

Question 23

Which transition metal hydride is commonly used in the purification of hydrogen gas?

A)Cu
B)Fe
C)Pt
D)Pd

Question 24

Covalent hydrides of the type MH₃ are likely to form with elements of what group?

A)3A
B)4A
C)5A
D)6A

Question 25

How many mL of O₂ gas at 25°C and 755 mm Hg pressure can be produced from the thermal decomposition of 0.300 grams of KClO₃(s)according to the chemical equation shown below?
2 KClO₃(s)→ 2 KCl(s)+ 3 O₂(g)

A)30.1 mL
B)40.2 mL
C)90.4 mL
D)181 mL

Question 26

How many grams of calcium hydride are required to produce 2.28 L of hydrogen gas at 25.0°C and 0.975 atm pressure according to the chemical equation shown below?
CaH₂(s)+ 2 H₂O(l)→ Ca(OH)₂(aq)+ 2 H₂(g)

A)1)91 g
B)3)82 g
C)7)64 g
D)22.8 g

Question 27

In which set are all compounds considered to be covalent binary hydrides?

A)NaH,KH,CaH₂,BaH₂
B)MgH₂,SrH₂,AlH₃,SiH₄
C)BeH₂,B₂H₆,CH₄,NH₃
D)MgH₂,AlH₃,SiH₄,H₂S

Question 28

There are three isotopes of oxygen ¹⁶O,¹⁷O and ¹⁸O.Indicate the number of different types of isotopically substituted diatomic oxygen.

A)3
B)5
C)6
D)9

Question 29

Dissolving 0.010 mole of which of the following in enough water to make 0.250 L of solution would result in a solution with the highest pH?

A)NaH
B)CaH₂
C)NH₃
D)PH₃

Question 30

Which is not true about elemental oxygen?

A)Oxygen exists in two allotropic forms.
B)Oxygen has a double bond.
C)Oxygen is a diamagnetic element.
D)Solid oxygen is pale blue in color

Question 31

In the preparation of oxygen by the thermal decomposition of potassium chlorate shown below,what is the oxidation number change of the atom undergoing reduction?
2 KClO₃(s)→ 2 KCl(s)+ 3 O₂(g)

A)- 8
B)- 6
C)+ 1
D)+ 2

Question 32

Using the three different isotopes of oxygen ¹⁶O,¹⁷O,¹⁸O and the major isotope of hydrogen,¹H.Determine the number of different types of isotopically substituted hydrogen peroxide,H₂O₂,that could be formed.

A)3
B)5
C)6
D)9

Question 33

There are three different isotopes of hydrogen ¹H,²H,³H and three different isotopes of oxygen ¹⁶O,¹⁷O,¹⁸O.Indicate the number of different types of isotopically substituted water,H₂O,that could be formed.

A)9
B)12
C)15
D)18

Question 34

The net ionic reaction of solid CaH₂ with water is

A)CaH₂(s)+ 2 H₂O(l)→ Ca(OH)₂(aq)+ 2 H₂(g)
B)CaH₂(s)+ 2 H₂O(l)→ Ca²⁺(aq)+ 2 OH^-(aq)+ 2 H₂(g)
C)H^-(aq)+ H₂O(l)→ OH^-(aq)+ H₂(g)
D)CaH₂(s)+ H₂O(l)→ CaO(s)+ 2 H₂(g)

Question 35

How many grams of KCl(s)are produced from the thermal decomposition of KClO₃(s)which produces 25.0 mL of O₂(g)at 25°C and 1.00 atm pressure according to the chemical equation shown below?
2 KClO₃(s)→ 2 KCl(s)+ 3 O₂(g)

A)0)0508 g
B)0)0762 g
C)0)0835 g
D)0)152 g

Question 36

Commercially oxygen is usually obtained by

A)decomposition of mercury(II)oxide.
B)decomposition of potassium chlorate.
C)electrolytic decomposition of water.
D)fractional distillation of air.

Question 37

What is the oxidation number of N in NH₃?

A)-3
B)-1
C)+1
D)+3

Question 38

How many grams of water are required to produce 6.50 L of hydrogen gas at 25.0°C and 755 mm Hg pressure according to the chemical equation shown below?
BaH₂(s)+ 2 H₂O(l)→ Ba(OH)₂(aq)+ 2 H₂(g)

A)2)38 g
B)4)75 g
C)4)81 g
D)9)50 g

Question 39

Which of the following binary hydrides has the highest melting point?

A)AlH₃
B)CaH₂
C)NH₃
D)SiH₄

Question 40

In which set are all compounds considered to be ionic binary hydrides?

A)NaH,KH,CaH₂,BaH₂
B)MgH₂,SrH₂,AlH₃,SiH₄
C)BeH₂,B₂H₆,CH₄,NH₃
D)MgH₂,AlH₃,SiH₄,H₂S

Question 41

Which is classified as an ionic binary oxide?

A)MgO
B)CO₂
C)P₂O₅
D)SO₃

Question 42

What is not a good laboratory method for the preparation of oxygen?

A)photosynthesis of sugars: 6 CO₂(g)+ 6 H₂O(l)→ 6 O₂(g)+ ₆H₁₂O₆(s)
B)electrolysis of water: 2 H₂O(l)→ 2 H₂(g)+ O₂(g)
C)catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide: 2 H₂O₂(aq)→ 2 H₂O(l)+ O₂(g)
D)thermal decomposition of potassium chlorate: 2 KClO₃(s)→ 2 KCl(s)+ 3 O₂(g)

Question 43

Which one of the following binary oxides is the most basic?

A)B₂O₃
B)Al₂O₃
C)Ga₂O₃
D)In₂O₃

Question 44

When sodium metal is heated in excess oxygen it tends to form ________.

A)an oxide
B)a peroxide
C)a superoxide
D)an oxide and a superoxide

Question 45

Which reaction is not consistent with the chemistry of binary oxides?

A)Na₂O(s)+ H₂O(l)→ 2 Na⁺(aq)+ 2 OH^-(aq)
B)SiO₂(s)+ 2 OH^-(aq)→ SiO₃^2-(aq)+ H₂O(l)
C)Al₂O₃(s)+ 6 H⁺(aq)→ 2 Al³⁺(aq)+ 3 H₂O(l)
D)N₂O₅(aq)+ 2 H⁺(aq)→ 2 NO₂⁺(aq)+ H₂O(l)

Question 46

What is the bond length trend for molecular oxygen,the peroxide ion,and superoxide ion?

A)O₂ > O₂^- > O₂^2-
B)O₂ > O₂^2- > O₂^-
C)O₂^2- > O₂^- > O₂
D)O₂^2- > O₂ > O₂^-

Question 47

What is the chemical formula for the superoxide ion?

A)O^-
B)O^2-
C)O₂^-
D)O₂^2-

Question 48

What is the total volume of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas that can be produced from the thermal decomposition of 0.340 grams of H₂O₂ at 700°C and 755 mm Hg according to the chemical equation shown below?
H₂O₂(l)→ H₂(g)+ O₂(g)

A)402 mL
B)804 mL
C)1210 mL
D)1610 mL

Question 49

What is the oxidation number of oxygen in BaO₂?

A)0
B)-1/2
C)-1
D)-2

Question 50

What is the oxidation number of oxygen in KO₂?

A)0
B)-1/2
C)-1
D)-2

Question 51

Which one of the following binary oxides is the most acidic?

A)P₂O₅
B)As₂O₅
C)Bi₂O₅
D)Cl₂O₇

Question 52

What is the reaction of potassium peroxide in water?

A)2 KO₂(s)+ H₂O(l)→ O₂(g)+ 2 K⁺(aq)+ HO₂^-(aq)+ OH^-(aq)
B)K₂O₂(s)+ H₂O(l)→ 2 K⁺(aq)+ HO₂^-(aq)+ OH^-(aq)
C)2 K₂O₂(s)+ 2 H₂O(l)→ 4 K⁺(aq)+ 4 OH^-(aq)+ O₂(g)
D)K₂O(s)+ H₂O(l)→ 2 K⁺(aq)+ 2 OH^-(aq)

Question 53

When KO₂ is dissolved in water the evolution of oxygen takes place according to the reaction
2 KO₂(s)+ H₂O(l)→ O₂(g)+ 2 K⁺(aq)+ HO₂^-(aq)+ OH^-(aq).In this reaction the O₂^- ion undergoes

A)disproportionation.
B)isomerization.
C)only oxidation.
D)only reduction.

Question 54

Which has the greatest number of unpaired electrons?

A)O^2-
B)O₂
C)O₂^-
D)O₂^2-

Question 55

Which is classified as an amphoteric binary oxide?

A)B₂O₃
B)CO₂
C)Al₂O₃
D)SiO₂

Question 56

Which of the following is a peroxide?

A)Li₂O
B)K₂O₂
C)CaO
D)CsO₂

Question 57

Which one of the following binary oxides is the most acidic?

A)Na₂O
B)Al₂O₃
C)P₂O₅
D)Cl₂O₇

Question 58

At 25°C CO₂ is a gas and SiO₂ is a high-melting solid.In these compounds of oxygen

A)both carbon in CO₂ and silicon in SiO₂ are π-bonded to two oxygen atoms.
B)both carbon in CO₂ and silicon in SiO₂ are σ-bonded to four oxygen atoms.
C)carbon in CO₂ is π-bonded to two oxygen atoms and silicon in SiO₂ is σ-bonded to four oxygen atoms.
D)silicon in SiO₂ is π-bonded to two oxygen atoms and carbon in CO₂ is σ-bonded to four oxygen atoms.

Question 59

Which one of the following binary oxides is the most basic?

A)Na₂O
B)Al₂O₃
C)P₂O₅
D)SO₃

Question 60

How many liters of oxygen gas can be produced at STP from the decomposition of 0.500 L of 3.00 M H₂O₂ according to the chemical equation shown below?
2 H₂O₂(l)→ 2 H₂O(l)+ O₂ (g)

A)16.8 L
B)22.4 L
C)33.6 L
D)67.2 L

Question 61

All of the following are reactions commonly associated with water except:

A)2 Na(s)+ 2 H₂O(l)→ H₂(g)+ 2 Na⁺(aq)+ 2 OH^-(aq)
B)Ca(s)+ 2 H₂O(l)→ H₂(g)+ Ca²⁺(aq)+ 2 OH^-(aq)
C)F₂(g)+ H₂O(l)→ HOF(aq)+ HF(aq)
D)Cl₂(g)+ H₂O(l)→ HOCl(aq)+ H⁺(aq)+ Cl^-(aq)

Question 62

What are the allotropes of oxygen?

A)O and O₂
B)O₂ and O₃
C)O,O₂ and O₃
D)O₂,O₃ and O₄

Question 63

Indicate the coefficient in front of H₂O₂ when the following redox equation is balanced in an acidic medium.
H₂O₂(aq)+ Cl^-(aq)→ H₂O(l)+ Cl₂(aq)

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4

Question 64

A binary compound that forms when potassium reacts with oxygen has the composition 54.99% K and 45.01% O.This compound contains

A)one oxygen molecule and one potassium atom.
B)one peroxide ion and one potassium ion.
C)one superoxide ion and one potassium ion.
D)two oxide ions and one potassium ion.

Question 65

What are the three major chemicals that are commercially obtained from sea water?

A)sodium chloride,magnesium,and bromine
B)sodium chloride,calcium carbonate,sodium sulfate
C)sodium chloride,sodium bromide,sodium carbonate
D)sodium chloride,calcium chloride,calcium carbonate

Question 66

Write a balanced net ionic equation for the reaction of potassium with water.

A)2 K(s)+ H₂O(l)→ 2 K⁺(aq)+ O^2-(aq)+ H₂(g)
B)2 K(s)+ 2 H₂O(l)→ 2 K⁺(aq)+ 2 OH^-(aq)+ H₂(g)
C)2 K(s)+ 2 H₂O(l)→ 2 K⁺(aq)+ O₂^2-(aq)+ 2 H₂(g)
D)K(s)+ H₂O(l)→ no reaction

Question 67

What is not a characteristic of ozone,O₃?

A)It is a nonlinear triatomic system.
B)It has one single bond and one double bond.
C)It is an extremely powerful oxidizing agent.
D)It is made by passing an electrical discharge through oxygen.

Question 68

Indicate the order of reactivity of the halogens (F₂,Cl₂,Br₂,I₂)with water (fastest to slowest).

A)F₂ > Cl₂ > Br₂ > I₂
B)Cl₂ > Br₂ > I₂ > F₂
C)Br₂ > I₂ > F₂ > Cl₂
D)I₂ > Br₂ > Cl₂ > F₂

Question 69

In which of the following reactions does hydrogen peroxide act as a reducing agent?

A)PbS(s)+ 4 H₂O₂(aq)→ PbSO₄(s)+ 4 H₂O(l)
B)H₂O₂(aq)+ 2 H⁺(aq)+ 2I^-(aq)→ 2 H₂O(l)+ I₂(aq)
C)5 H₂O₂(aq)+ 2 MnO₄^-(aq)+ 6 H⁺(aq)→ 8 H₂O(l)+ 5 O₂(g)+ 2 Mn²⁺(aq)
D)2 Fe²⁺(aq)+ H₂O₂(aq)+ 2 H⁺(aq)→ 2 Fe³⁺(aq)+ 2 H₂O(l)

Question 70

How many milliliters of ozone gas at at 25.0°C and 1.00 atm pressure are needed to react with 45.00 mL of a 0.100 M aqueous solution of KI according to the chemical equation shown below?
O₃(g)+ 2 I^-(aq)+ H₂O(l)→ O₂(g)+ I₂(s)+ 2 OH^-(aq)

A)55.0 mL
B)110.mL
C)165 mL
D)220.mL

Question 71

What are the four major ionic constituents of seawater?

A)Cl^-,Na⁺,Mg²⁺,HCO₃^-
B)Cl^-,Na⁺,SO₄^2-,Mg²⁺
C)Cl^-,Na⁺,SO₄^2-,HCO₃^-
D)Na⁺,SO₄^2-,Mg²⁺,Ca²⁺

Question 72

In the reaction of ozone shown below,which of the following unbalanced half-reactions shows the species undergoing reduction and the reduced product?
O₃(g)+ 2 I^-(aq)+ H₂O(l)→ O₂(g)+ I₂(s)+ 2 OH^-(aq)

A)O₃(g)→ O₂(g)
B)O₃(g)→ OH^-(aq)
C)H₂O(l)→ O₂(g)
D)H₂O(l)→ OH^-(aq)

Question 73

What is not a characteristic of the aqueous chemical reactions of hydrogen peroxide?

A)It is a strong oxidizing agent.
B)It is a reducing agent.
C)It behaves as a weak base.
D)It undergoes disproportionation.

Question 74

Indicate the coefficient in front of H₂O₂ when the following redox equation is balanced in an acidic medium.
H₂O₂(aq)+ MnO₄^-(aq)→ O₂(g)+ Mn²⁺(aq)

A)2
B)3
C)5
D)7

Question 75

Water accounts for approximately two-thirds of the mass of the adult human body.If an adult human has a mass of 145 pounds,how many water molecules are there in the adult human's body?

A)96.7 molecules
B)2)43 × 10³ molecules
C)1)47 × 10²⁷ molecules
D)2)20 × 10²⁷ molecules

Question 76

Write a balanced net ionic equation for the reaction of bromine with water.

A)2 Br₂(l)+ 2 H₂O(l)→ O₂(g)+ 4 HBr(aq)
B)Br₂(l)+ H₂O(l)→ HOBr(aq)+ H⁺(aq)+ Br^-(aq)
C)Br₂(l)+ 2 H₂O(l)→ 2 HOBr(aq)+ H₂(g)
D)2 Br₂(g)+ 2 H₂O(l)→ O₂(g)+ 4 H⁺(aq)+ 4 Br^-(aq)

Question 77

Which of the following chemical reagents is not used in the purification of water?

A)NaNO₃
B)Cl₂
C)CaO
D)Al₂(SO₄)₃

Question 78

In which compound does oxygen have a -1 oxidation state?

A)H₂O
B)H₂O₂
C)O₂
D)MgO

Question 79

A binary compound that forms when potassium reacts with oxygen has the composition 58.96% Na and 41.04% O.What is the formula of one formula unit of this compound?

A)Na₂O
B)NaO
C)NaO₂
D)Na₂O₂

Question 80

An estimated 1.35 × 10¹⁸ m³ of water is present in the earth's oceans.Assuming water has a density of 1 g/mL then how many kilograms of water does this volume contain?

A)1)35 × 10⁹ kg
B)1)35 × 10¹² kg
C)1)35 × 10²¹ kg
D)1)35 × 10³⁴ kg