Question 1

________ Derivative of an intersegmental artery&#10;A)A&#10;B)B&#10;C)C&#10;D)D&#10;E)E

Accepted Answer

The left subclavian artery,unlike the right subclavian artery,is not derived from an aortic arch artery or the dorsal aorta.It develops from the seventh intersegmental artery that arises from the descending aorta and moves cranially as the arch of the aorta forms.

Question 2

________ Remains of the septum primum&#10;A)A&#10;B)B&#10;C)C&#10;D)D&#10;E)E

Accepted Answer

The remains of the septum primum are represented in the drawing by the valve of the oval foramen.This valve is forced open by blood from the IVC that is directed through the oval foramen by the crista dividens (inferior edge of septum secundum).The oval foramen normally closes at birth when pressure in the left atrium rises above that in the right atrium.

Question 3

________ Derived from the third aortic pharyngeal arch artery&#10;A)A&#10;B)B&#10;C)C&#10;D)D&#10;E)E

Accepted Answer

The right common carotid artery is derived from the proximal part of the right third aortic arch artery.This artery also gives rise to the internal carotid artery on this side.

Question 4

________ Round ligament of the liver&#10;A)Ductus arteriosus&#10;B)Septum primum&#10;C)Sixth pharyngeal arch artery&#10;D)Sinus venosus&#10;E)Umbilical vein

Accepted Answer

The intra-abdominal part of the fetal umbilical vein becomes the adult round ligament of the liver (L.ligamentum teres hepatis).It passes from the umbilicus to the porta hepatis,where it attaches to the left branch of the portal vein.

Question 5

________ Right recurrent laryngeal nerve&#10;A)Ductus arteriosus&#10;B)Septum primum&#10;C)Sixth pharyngeal arch artery&#10;D)Sinus venosus&#10;E)Umbilical vein

Accepted Answer

The recurrent laryngeal nerves hook around the sixth pair of aortic arch arteries.On the right,the distal part of the sixth arch artery and the fifth aortic arch artery degenerate,leaving the right recurrent laryngeal nerve hooked around the right subclavian artery.On the left,the recurrent laryngeal nerve hooks around the ductus arteriosus (ligamentum arteriosum in the adult)and the arch of the aorta.

Question 6

________ Arterial shunt&#10;A)Ductus arteriosus&#10;B)Septum primum&#10;C)Sixth pharyngeal arch artery&#10;D)Sinus venosus&#10;E)Umbilical vein

Accepted Answer

The ductus arteriosus is an arterial shunt that carries blood from the left pulmonary artery to the arch of the aorta before birth.Because the lungs are not functioning,most of the blood in the pulmonary trunk bypasses the lungs and enters the descending aorta.

Question 7

________ Pulmonary valve stenosis&#10;A)Ductus arteriosus&#10;B)Septum primum&#10;C)Sixth pharyngeal arch artery&#10;D)Sinus venosus&#10;E)Umbilical vein

Accepted Answer

Stenosis of the pulmonary tract is one of the four anomalies of the heart and great vessels included in the tetralogy of Fallot.These defects are regarded as the most important of the cardiac defects that produce cyanosis.

Question 8

________ Carry relatively little fetal blood&#10;A)A&#10;B)B&#10;C)C&#10;D)D&#10;E)E

Accepted Answer

The pulmonary veins carry relatively little blood to the left atrium before birth because the lungs are not functioning.When the lungs expand at birth and the pulmonary vascular resistance falls,there is a marked increase in pulmonary blood flow with a consequent increased flow of oxygenated blood to the left atrium through the pulmonary veins.

Question 9

________ Opening in the septum secundum&#10;A)A&#10;B)B&#10;C)C&#10;D)D&#10;E)E

Accepted Answer

The oval foramen is a normal opening in the septum secundum.It permits well-oxygenated blood from the placenta that comes from the IVC to enter the left atrium.If the oval foramen fails to close at birth,a cardiac anomaly known as secundum-type ASD exists.This common congenital heart defect accounts for about 8% of cases of congenital heart disease.

Question 10

________ Floor of the oval fossa&#10;A)Ductus arteriosus&#10;B)Septum primum&#10;C)Sixth pharyngeal arch artery&#10;D)Sinus venosus&#10;E)Umbilical vein

Accepted Answer

The floor of the oval fossa in the interatrial septum is formed by tissue derived from the septum primum (valve of oval foramen).When the pressure in the left atrium rises at birth,the valve of the oval foramen closes and later fuses with the septum secundum.This valvular tissue forms the floor of the oval fossa.

Question 11

________ Directs blood into the left atrium&#10;A)A&#10;B)B&#10;C)C&#10;D)D&#10;E)E

Accepted Answer

The answer of   ________ Directs blood into the...

Question 12

________ Septum secundum&#10;A)A&#10;B)B&#10;C)C&#10;D)D&#10;E)E

Accepted Answer

The answer of   ________ Septum secundum&#10;A)A&#10;B)B&#10;C)C&#10;D)D&#10;E)E...

Question 13

________ Carries well-oxygenated blood&#10;A)A&#10;B)B&#10;C)C&#10;D)D&#10;E)E

Accepted Answer

The answer of   ________ Carries well-oxygenated blood&#10;A)A&#10;B)B&#10;C)C&#10;D)D&#10;E)E...

Question 14

________ Carries poorly oxygenated blood into the right atrium&#10;A)Ductus arteriosus&#10;B)Septum primum&#10;C)Sixth pharyngeal arch artery&#10;D)Sinus venosus&#10;E)Umbilical vein

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ Carries poorly oxygenated blood into the...

Question 15

________ Rubella syndrome&#10;A)Ductus arteriosus&#10;B)Septum primum&#10;C)Sixth pharyngeal arch artery&#10;D)Sinus venosus&#10;E)Umbilical vein

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ Rubella syndrome&#10;A)Ductus arteriosus&#10;B)Septum primum&#10;C)Sixth pharyngeal arch...

Question 16

________ Ductus venosus&#10;A)Ductus arteriosus&#10;B)Septum primum&#10;C)Sixth pharyngeal arch artery&#10;D)Sinus venosus&#10;E)Umbilical vein

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ Ductus venosus&#10;A)Ductus arteriosus&#10;B)Septum primum&#10;C)Sixth pharyngeal arch...

Question 17

________ Forms from the sixth pharyngeal arch artery&#10;A)A&#10;B)B&#10;C)C&#10;D)D&#10;E)E

Accepted Answer

The answer of   ________ Forms from the sixth...

Question 18

________ Becomes ligamentous during infancy&#10;A)A&#10;B)B&#10;C)C&#10;D)D&#10;E)E

Accepted Answer

The answer of   ________ Becomes ligamentous during infancy&#10;A)A&#10;B)B&#10;C)C&#10;D)D&#10;E)E...

Question 19

________ Derived from the truncus arteriosus&#10;A)A&#10;B)B&#10;C)C&#10;D)D&#10;E)E

Accepted Answer

The answer of   ________ Derived from the truncus...

Question 20

________ Formed by fusion of the dorsal aortae&#10;A)A&#10;B)B&#10;C)C&#10;D)D&#10;E)E

Accepted Answer

The answer of   ________ Formed by fusion of...

Question 21

________ Normally communicates with the right ventricle&#10;A)A&#10;B)B&#10;C)C&#10;D)D&#10;E)E

Accepted Answer

The answer of   ________ Normally communicates with the...

Question 22

________ Right ventricular hypertrophy&#10;A)Ductus arteriosus&#10;B)Septum primum&#10;C)Sixth pharyngeal arch artery&#10;D)Sinus venosus&#10;E)Umbilical vein

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ Right ventricular hypertrophy&#10;A)Ductus arteriosus&#10;B)Septum primum&#10;C)Sixth pharyngeal...

Question 23

________ A cardiac defect in the area of the oval fossa&#10;A)A&#10;B)B&#10;C)C&#10;D)D&#10;E)E

Accepted Answer

The answer of   ________ A cardiac defect in...

Question 24

________ Most common cardiac defect&#10;A)Ductus arteriosus&#10;B)Septum primum&#10;C)Sixth pharyngeal arch artery&#10;D)Sinus venosus&#10;E)Umbilical vein

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ Most common cardiac defect&#10;A)Ductus arteriosus&#10;B)Septum primum&#10;C)Sixth...

Question 25

________ Is partly derived from the sinus venosus&#10;A)A&#10;B)B&#10;C)C&#10;D)D&#10;E)E

Accepted Answer

The answer of   ________ Is partly derived from...

Question 26

________ Closes by the end of the seventh embryonic week&#10;A)A&#10;B)B&#10;C)C&#10;D)D&#10;E)E

Accepted Answer

The answer of   ________ Closes by the end...

Question 27

________ Overriding aorta&#10;A)Ductus arteriosus&#10;B)Septum primum&#10;C)Sixth pharyngeal arch artery&#10;D)Sinus venosus&#10;E)Umbilical vein

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ Overriding aorta&#10;A)Ductus arteriosus&#10;B)Septum primum&#10;C)Sixth pharyngeal arch...

Question 28

________ Is formed from the dorsal aorta&#10;A)A&#10;B)B&#10;C)C&#10;D)D&#10;E)E

Accepted Answer

The answer of   ________ Is formed from the...

Question 29

________ Constriction of aorta&#10;A)Ductus arteriosus&#10;B)Septum primum&#10;C)Sixth pharyngeal arch artery&#10;D)Sinus venosus&#10;E)Umbilical vein

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ Constriction of aorta&#10;A)Ductus arteriosus&#10;B)Septum primum&#10;C)Sixth pharyngeal...

Deck 12: Cardiovascular System