Deck 29: Hypolipidemic Drugs

Question 1

Rhabdomyolysis is a serious side effect that may be experienced by patients on statin medications because

A) Immunoglobulin molecules can disrupt blood flow and cause renal failure
B) Myoglobin molecules can disrupt blood flow to kidneys and cause renal failure
C) Immunoglobulin molecules can disrupt blood flow and cause an aneurism
D) Myoglobin molecules can disrupt blood flow and cause myocardial infarction

Answer 1

Myoglobin molecules can disrupt blood flow to kidneys and cause renal failure

Question 2

Lipoproteins differ from one another by

A) Protein density among the different molecules
B) Lipid density among the different molecules
C) Polysaccharide density among the different molecules
D) Nucleic acid density among the different molecules

Answer 2

Protein density among the different molecules

Question 3

Why is an unstable plaque more dangerous?

A) Increased likelihood for hemorrhage that can lead to shock
B) Increased likelihood for hemorrhage that can lead to arrhythmias
C) Thrombus formation that can cause hypertension
D) Thrombus formation that can block blood flow

Answer 3

Thrombus formation that can block blood flow

Question 4

Lipoprotein electrophoresis will obtain a direct measurement of all of these except

A) Total cholesterol
B) Triglycerides
C) HDL
D) LDL

Question 5

Why should statin medications be taken during the evening?

A) Statin medications cause drowsiness
B) Cholesterol is absorbed at night
C) Statin medications are absorbed very slowly
D) Cholesterol is endogenously produced at night

Question 6

Plaques are accumulated fat consisting of _____ and _____ lining the arteries.

A) Cholesterol and calcium
B) Cholesterol and sodium
C) Fatty acids and calcium
D) Fatty acids and sodium

Question 7

What is the first line of defense when treating hyperlipidemia?

A) Diet control
B) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
C) Nicotinic acid
D) Bile acid sequestrant

Question 8

After macrophages consume LDL,they are transformed into

A) VLDL
B) Foam cells
C) Chylomicrons
D) Apoproteins

Question 9

Which of the following is not a useful purpose for cholesterol in the body?

A) Building blocks for androgens
B) Building blocks for glucocorticoids
C) Building blocks for amino acids
D) Building blocks for aldosterone

Question 10

How is cholesterol transported from the liver to the gall bladder?

A) Directly through the hepatic portal system
B) By apoproteins
C) By endocytosis
D) By chylomicrons

Question 11

Which lipoprotein is produced in the intestines for the transport of exogenous cholesterol and triglycerides?

A) VLDL
B) Chylomicrons
C) HDL
D) LDL

Question 12

Cholesterol can best be tested by what type of sample?

A) Whole blood sample
B) Plasma sample
C) Serum sample
D) Urine sample

Question 13

What is the rate limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis that allows the statin drugs to be effective?

A) Production of mevalonic acid
B) Production of HMG-CoA
C) Production of acetyl-CoA
D) Production of pyruvic acid

Question 14

Fat streaks in the arteries begin from the

A) Oxidized LDL which attracts more chylomicrons and increases foam cells
B) Oxidized HDL which attracts more chylomicrons and increases foam cells
C) Oxidized LDL which attracts more macrophages and increases foam cells
D) Oxidized HDL which attracts more macrophages and increases foam cells

Question 15

The cholesterol absorption inhibitor drug,ezetimibe,is unique compared to other antihyperlipidemic drugs because

A) The drug inhibits liver enzymes to prevent cholesterol synthesis
B) The drug prevents cholesterol absorption in the intestine
C) The drug primarily stays within the enterohepatic circulation
D) The drug is a bile acid sequestrant

Question 16

For patients requiring an aggressive lipid-lowering strategy treatment protocol,a

A) Dual combination of lovastatin and niacin should be given
B) Dual combination of simvastatin and niacin should be given
C) Triple combination of simvastatin, lovastatin and colestipol should be given
D) Triple combination of niacin, colestipol, and lovastatin should be given

Question 17

Endogenous cholesterol synthesis takes place in the _____ and _____.

A) Liver and small intestines
B) Liver and pancreas
C) Pancreas and spleen
D) Pancreas and gall bladder

Question 18

The combination of which two diseases would increase the risk for limb amputation?

A) Hypercholesterolemia and hypertension
B) Hypercholesterolemia and hemophilia
C) Hypercholesterolemia and anemia
D) Hypercholesterolemia and diabetes

Question 19

Which of the following activities would not result in an elevation of HDL levels?

A) Vigorous exercise
B) Starvation
C) Consuming a diet high in fish
D) Moderate alcohol consumption

Question 20

All of the following HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors have shown an enhanced reduction in LDL levels (up to 45%) except

A) Simvastatin
B) Atorvastatin
C) Lovastatin
D) Rosuvastatin