Deck 19: Opioid Analgesics

Question 1

In _____,more drug is needed to produce _____ therapeutic effect.

A) Physical dependence, a decreased
B) Physical dependence, the same
C) Tolerance, an increased
D) Tolerance, the same

Answer 1

Tolerance, the same

Question 2

Opioid antagonists should not be given to an opioid addict because:

A) They could promote a fatal asthmatic attack.
B) Drug seeking behavior would resume much quicker.
C) They would render the antidote inneffective.
D) Withdrawal symptoms will occur.

Answer 2

Withdrawal symptoms will occur.

Question 3

The specific class of opioid receptor in the CNS responsible for respiratory depression is:

A) Kappa
B) Mu₁
C) Mu₂
D) Delta

Answer 3

Mu₂

Question 4

One advantage of administering an opioid analgesic over an NSAID drug for dental pain would be to:

A) Reduce risk of tolerance
B) Reduce risk of dependence
C) Reduce risk of bleeding
D) Reduce risk of toxicity

Question 5

Why would injections of opioids be better than oral administration?

A) Lower bioavailability of injected medications
B) Increased metabolism from hepatic drug microsomal metabolizing system
C) Poor absorption in acidic environment of stomach
D) Poor absorption in alkaline environment of the intestines

Question 6

Which one of these drugs would produce a synergistic depression with an opioid drug?

A) Sertraline
B) Propranolol
C) Insulin glargine
D) Alprazolam

Question 7

Nonopioid analgesics consist of all of the following except:

A) Meperidine
B) NSAIDs
C) Acetaminophen
D) COX-2 inhibitors

Question 8

Constipation is a side effect from opioid use due to:

A) Spasmogenic activity on smooth muscle and mu₂ receptors in the GI tract
B) Spasmolytic activity on smooth muscle and mu₂ receptors in the GI tract
C) Spasmogenic activity on smooth muscle and mu₁ receptors in the GI tract
D) Spasmolytic activity on smooth muscle and mu₁ receptors in the GI tract

Question 9

A peripheral neurotransmitter responsible for transmitting information about tissue injuries at peripheral receptors to the CNS is:

A) Prostaglandins
B) Bradykinins
C) Substance P
D) Serotonin

Question 10

Two naturally occurring opiates derived from the poppy plant are:

A) Morphine and heroin
B) Morphine and codeine
C) Codeine and heroin
D) Codeine and marijuana

Question 11

A common sign of opioid toxicity would be:

A) Mydriasis
B) Pinpoint pupils
C) Dry eyes
D) Red eyes

Question 12

The opioids used to suppress coughing include all of the following except:

A) Loperamide
B) Codeine
C) Hydrocodone
D) Dextromethorphan

Question 13

Which of these groups of medications can play an adjunct role in pain management?

A) Antiepileptic drugs and SSRI antidepressants
B) Antiepileptic drugs and tricyclic antidepressants
C) Antidiabetic drugs and SSRI antidepressants
D) Antidiabetic drugs and tricyclic antidepressants

Question 14

_____ pain is transmitted through _____ of the ascending pathway.

A) Sharp, A-delta fibers
B) Sharp, C-nociceptor fibers
C) Dull, A-delta fibers
D) Neuropathic, B-delta fibers

Question 15

Patients with _____ should be careful when using opioid analgesics because of the effect histamine may have on the ______.

A) CHF, myocardium
B) Asthma, bronchial smooth muscle
C) Hypertension, skeletal muscles
D) Diabetes, uptake of glucose

Question 16

Pain resulting from abnormal signals or nerves damaged by entrapment,amputation,or diabetes is called:

A) Hyperalgesia
B) Phantom pain
C) Referred pain
D) Neuropathic pain

Question 17

What can a patient do to prevent recurring pain and psychological factors associated with discomfort?

A) Change medications to avoid tolerance.
B) Change medications to avoid physical dependence.
C) Adhere to a prescribed schedule.
D) Adhere to the stair-step approach to pain management

Question 18

Oral formulations of opioid drugs should never be _____ in order to avoid _____.

A) Chewed, an enhanced degradation in the stomach leading to side effects
B) Chewed, an enhanced effect leading to side effects
C) Taken with food, decreased absorption
D) Taken with food, food-drug interactions

Question 19

Opioid overdose results in respiratory depression because:

A) The suppressed medulla cannot respond to CO₂ stimulation.
B) The suppressed medulla cannot respond to O₂ stimulation.
C) Increased levels of CO₂ bound to hemoglobin slow breathing.
D) Increased levels of O₂ bound to hemoglobin slow breathing.

Question 20

Mu receptors have _____ ion channels which will be _____,thereby decreasing the release of neurotransmitters associated with pain.

A) K, stimulated
B) K, blocked
C) Ca, stimulated
D) Ca, blocked