Deck 8: Drugs Affecting the Autonomic Ganglia

Question 1

Which of the following can result from prescribing a nicotine replacement product for a patient while the patient continues to indulge in smoking cigarettes?

A) Toxic doses of nicotine in the body
B) Ganglionic blockade
C) Decreased respiratory function
D) All of the above

Answer 1

All of the above

Question 2

When integrating a smoking cessation treatment with Nicotrol Inhaler,the inhaler should be used with caution because:

A) it may cause nervousness.
B) it is not compatible with other nicotine drug preparations.
C) it may cause minor breathing difficulties.
D) it can desensitize adrenergic receptors.

Answer 2

it may cause minor breathing difficulties.

Question 3

A patient's wife is concerned that her husband is overusing Nicorette 4-mg nicotine gum.She would like to confirm how many pieces he can use in a day.In this scenario,the dosage should be limited to _____.

A) 20 pieces per day
B) 10 pieces per day
C) 30 pieces per day
D) 50 pieces per day

Answer 3

20 pieces per day

Question 4

What is the main effect of ganglionic blockers on the gastrointestinal system?

A) Increased blood pressure
B) Decreased intestinal secretions
C) Increased urination
D) Decreased cardiac output

Question 5

Identify a consequence of sympathetic stimulation by the use of nicotine products.

A) Heart rate will increase.
B) Blood pressure will decrease.
C) GI activity will decrease.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 6

Nicotine gum (Nicorette)has been classified as _____ by the FDA.

A) Pregnancy Category A
B) Pregnancy Category B
C) Pregnancy Category C
D) Pregnancy Category D

Question 7

A patient who was recently put on a smoking cessation treatment plan complains of throat irritation.This adverse effect is most likely caused by the use of _____.

A) Nicorette
B) Nicotrol NS
C) Chantix
D) Zyban

Question 8

Implementing a treatment plan that includes ganglionic blocking drugs and vasodilators could lead to a drug interaction resulting in _____.

A) additive anticholinergic effects
B) additive vasodilating effects
C) antagonism of anticholinergic effects
D) additive antiadrenergic effects

Question 9

One of the similarities between ganglionic stimulants and ganglionic blockers is that both:

A) increase a person's craving for nicotine.
B) can be used to treat severe hypertension.
C) have little clinical use.
D) can be used to treat hypotension.

Question 10

Integrating a cholinergic drug into the existing treatment plan of a patient already taking a ganglionic blocking drug could result in a drug interaction characterized by:

A) additive anticholinergic effect of ganglionic blockade on the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts.
B) additive vasodilating effect to produce hypotension and cardiovascular collapse.
C) antagonism of anticholinergic effect of ganglionic blockade on the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts.
D) additive antiadrenergic effect that leads to hypotension and cardiovascular collapse.

Question 11

Identify the neurotransmitter found at the autonomic ganglia that stimulates the nicotinic-neural (Nn)receptors.

A) Serotonin
B) Epinephrine
C) Acetylcholine
D) Dopamine

Question 12

What is the reason for the contraindication of ganglionic blockers in patients with glaucoma?

A) Ganglionic blockers have a mydriatic effect that increases intraocular pressure.
B) Ganglionic blockers have a mydriatic effect that decreases intraocular fluid.
C) Ganglionic blockers have a miotic effect that increases intraocular pressure.
D) None of these are correct.

Question 13

When selecting bupropion for treatment of smoking cessation,it is important to differentiate between bupropion and the nicotine replacement products.Which of the following statements is true of bupropion?

A) It is an antidepressant drug.
B) It has an adverse effect profile that includes insomnia, dry mouth, and gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances.
C) It is available as 25-, 50-, 75-, and 150-mg tablets.
D) All of the above statements are correct.

Question 14

Varenicline,which is used in the treatment of smoking cessation,is sold under the trade name _____.

A) Zyban
B) Commit
C) Chantix
D) Wellbutrin

Question 15

What were the receptors at the autonomic ganglia known as prior to the discovery of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACH)?

A) Serotonin receptors
B) Nicotinic receptors
C) Epinephrine receptors
D) Dopamine receptors

Question 16

Implementing a treatment plan that includes mecamylamine is indicative of a diagnosis of _____.

A) smoking addiction
B) severe hypertension
C) depression
D) constipation

Question 17

A patient complains of weakness,dizziness,and feelings of faintness when standing up.Using your knowledge on ganglionic stimulants and blockers,determine the probable cause of these adverse effects based on the patient's medication profile.

A) Mecamylamine
B) Bupropion
C) Varenicline
D) None of the above

Question 18

Implementing a treatment plan that includes mecamylamine requires monitoring the patient for:

A) suicidal ideation.
B) depression of the cardiovascular system.
C) mental depression.
D) neuropsychiatric effects such as hostility.

Question 19

Selection of ganglionic blockers for the treatment of severe hypertension in males can lead to _____.

A) increased urination
B) increased intestinal secretions
C) impotence
D) hostility

Question 20

Differentiating between the adverse effects of Nicorette and Nicoderm CQ,you determine that the use of Nicorette can result in all of the following adverse effects except:

A) taste disturbances.
B) jaw soreness.
C) nausea.
D) nervousness.

Question 21

Both bupropion and varenicline impact the central nervous system (CNS)in the treatment of smoking cessation.However,varenicline differs from bupropion in that it:

A) blocks nicotine receptors in the brain.
B) stimulates nicotine receptors in the brain.
C) reduces the CNS effects of nicotine toxicity.
D) reduces the CNS effects of nicotine withdrawal.

Question 22

_____ interact with ganglionic blocking drugs to produce hypotension and possible cardiovascular collapse.

A) Adrenergic drugs
B) Vasodilator drugs
C) Cholinergic drugs
D) Anticholinergic drugs

Question 23

Which of the following systems is predominantly stimulated by nicotine action on parasympathetic nerves?

A) The endocrine system
B) The cardiovascular system
C) The gastrointestinal system
D) The renal system

Question 24

Angelo,a chain smoker,is prescribed 4-mg pieces of nicotine gum with a limit of 14 pieces per day to help him deal with the effects of nicotine withdrawal.What is the maximum dosage of nicotine that can be administered in a day?

A) 28 mg/day
B) 40 mg/day
C) 46 mg/day
D) 56 mg/day

Question 25

Which of the following can cause a sudden drop in blood pressure or orthostatic hypotension for a patient being treated with mecamylamine?

A) A change in body position
B) A sudden decrease in dosage of mecamylamine
C) A pre-existing condition such as mental depression
D) A temporary stoppage in the delivery of the drug

Question 26

When a patient is administered mecamylamine,what are the signs that a nurse or medical assistant should watch out for in the patient?

A) Bradycardia
B) Taste disturbances
C) Jaw soreness
D) Nervousness

Question 27

Both bupropion and varenicline impact the central nervous system (CNS).However,bupropion differs from varenicline in that it:

A) blocks nicotine receptors in the brain.
B) blocks acetylcholine receptors in the brain.
C) reduces the CNS effects of nicotine toxicity.
D) reduces the CNS effects of nicotine withdrawal.

Question 28

How does mecamylamine differ from other ganglionic blockers such as trimethaphan?

A) Unlike other ganglionic blockers, mecamylamine is unavailable for clinical use.
B) Unlike other ganglionic blockers, mecamylamine is unavailable for chronic use.
C) Unlike other ganglionic blockers, mecamylamine is almost completely absorbed after oral administration.
D) Unlike other ganglionic blockers, mecamylamine is administered intravenously rather than through the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 29

The profound vasodilation caused by the pharmacologic action of mecamylamine is primarily due to the:

A) ganglionic stimulation of sympathetic ganglia.
B) ganglionic stimulation of parasympathetic ganglia.
C) ganglionic blockade of sympathetic ganglia.
D) ganglionic blockade of parasympathetic ganglia.

Question 30

Two weeks after beginning treatment for smoking cessation,Joe visits a physician and complains of having suicidal tendencies and feeling mentally depressed.Which of the following is a most likely reason for this occurrence?

A) Joe is not taking his medication regularly and has reverted to smoking to satisfy his craving for nicotine.
B) The acetylcholine in Joe's body is at toxic levels, impairing his neuromuscular function.
C) Joe is consuming tobacco to overcome the effects of nicotine withdrawal.
D) The treatment for Joe's condition involves a drug preparation known as varenicline.

Question 31

_____ interact with ganglionic blocking drugs to produce an additive antiadrenergic effect.

A) Adrenergic drugs
B) Adrenergic blocking drugs
C) Cholinergic drugs
D) Anticholinergic drugs

Question 32

A physician prescribes 20 mg/day of nicotine for Robert as part of nicotine-replacement therapy.The dosage can be administered in the form of nicotine lozenges (available as 2-mg and 4-mg lozenges)or nicotine gum (available as 2-mg and 4-mg pieces of gum).What is the appropriate combination of gum and lozenges required to administer the required dosage?

A) Four 2-mg lozenges and three 4-mg pieces of gum
B) Two 2-mg lozenges and seven 2-mg pieces of gum
C) Five 2-mg lozenges and five 4-mg pieces of gum
D) One 4-mg lozenge and three 4-mg pieces of gum

Question 33

Nicotine stimulates sympathetic nerves predominantly in the _____.

A) endocrine system
B) cardiovascular system
C) gastrointestinal system
D) renal system

Question 34

Which of the drug classes interact with ganglionic blocking drugs to produce an antagonism of antiadrenergic effect?

A) Adrenergic drugs
B) Adrenergic blocking drugs
C) Cholinergic drugs
D) Anticholinergic drugs

Question 35

The class of drugs that interact with ganglionic blocking drugs to produce additive anticholinergic effect is _____.

A) adrenergic drugs
B) adrenergic blocking drugs
C) cholinergic drugs
D) anticholinergic drugs