Deck 27: The Senses

Question 1

The part of the eye that focuses light onto a sheet of photoreceptors is the

A) lens.
B) cone.
C) pupil.
D) retina.
E) iris.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Volatile chemical substances that elicit specific responses in other members of the same species are referred to as

A) hormones.
B) pheromones.
C) transposons.
D) pectines.
E) spicules.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

In humans,which of the following is used primarily to detect sharp blows and excessive heat?

A) mechanoreceptor
B) chemoreceptor
C) proprioreceptor
D) thermoreceptor
E) pain receptor

Answer 3

E

Question 4

In humans,which of the following is used primarily to detect light?

A) photoreceptor
B) proprioreceptor
C) chemoreceptor
D) mechanoreceptor
E) electroreceptor

Question 5

Receptors for the general senses are

A) limited to the head.
B) limited to the legs.
C) found only in the brain and spinal cord.
D) found throughout the body.
E) found only on the surface of the body.

Question 6

Receptors for the special senses are limited to the

A) head.
B) tongue.
C) ears.
D) feet.
E) abdomen.

Question 7

Which sense uses receptors from a class outside the mechanoreceptors?

A) hearing
B) touch
C) taste
D) equilibrium

Question 8

The point where the optic nerve exits the retina is called the

A) fovea.
B) blind spot.
C) sclera.
D) choroid.
E) vitreous humor.

Question 9

A phenomenon in which sensations become less noticeable with prolonged exposure is called

A) gradient adaptation.
B) an action potential.
C) a graded potential.
D) radiating adaptation.
E) sensory adaptation.

Question 10

If a person has a genetic mutation which renders them incapable of making chemoreceptors,which sense would be affected?

A) vision
B) taste
C) pain
D) touch
E) hearing

Question 11

Olfaction is another name for the sense of

A) body position.
B) smell.
C) hearing.
D) pain.
E) equilibrium.

Question 12

If you wanted to design a drug which could be used in experiments to disorient subjects in terms of their posture,you would target what kind of structure?

A) proprioreceptor
B) mechanoreceptor
C) pain receptor
D) chemoreceptor
E) electroreceptor

Question 13

If you were asked to design a surgical experiment to turn off a general sense in a mouse,which sense would it be inappropriate to plan to work on?

A) touch
B) temperature
C) pain
D) vision
E) position

Question 14

If you had a friend who was unable to see color,you would expect that your friend's eyes had defective

A) cone cells.
B) rod cells.
C) cornea.
D) iris.
E) optic nerve.

Question 15

To design an experimental protocol to study the light-sensitive pigment in a bird's retina,you would be trying to extract the chemical called

A) carotene.
B) chlorophyll.
C) glutamate.
D) rhodopsin.
E) tyrosine.

Question 16

You are told that a newborn has a developmental defect in the eye which prevents light from entering the eye,and that this defect does not involve the lens itself.Your first guess as to what is defective would be the

A) cornea.
B) retina.
C) optic nerve.
D) iris.
E) lens.

Question 17

In humans,which of the following is used to primarily detect heat?

A) photoreceptor
B) proprioceptor
C) thermoreceptor
D) mechanoreceptor
E) chemoreceptor

Question 18

You are swimming in a pool and feel the waves of pressure as water moves against your body.You are making use of what to detect this?

A) photoreceptors
B) thermoreceptors
C) mechanoreceptors
D) pain receptors
E) chemoreceptors

Question 19

If you wanted to design a drug to stop the sense of smell,what kind of receptor would you target?

A) photoreceptor
B) chemoreceptor
C) proprioreceptor
D) electroreceptor
E) thermoreceptor

Question 20

What sense is not one of the special senses?

A) olfaction
B) vision
C) taste
D) touch
E) hearing

Question 21

A new kind of mouse has been discovered,which lives in conditions very much like those encountered by the naked mole rat.You would predict that these mice have what kind of threshold potential for the pain receptors which relate to tissue acidity?

A) lowered
B) elevated
C) eliminated
D) unchanged
E) None of the answer choices are correct.

Question 22

In humans,taste buds are most highly concentrated on the inside surface of the lips of the mouth.

Question 23

Naked mole rats face high levels of carbon dioxide leading to normally painful levels of tissue acidity due to the _______ of their burrows.

A) poor ventilation
B) high temperature
C) humidity
D) insect residents
E) sandy soil

Question 24

When you hear the waves,which of the following is being activated?

A) mechanoreceptor
B) thermoreceptor
C) photoreceptor
D) proprioreceptor
E) chemoreceptor

Question 25

If a person has been prescribed eyeglasses with lenses that shorten the path of light,it is most likely to correct for that person

A) being farsighted.
B) being nearsighted.
C) having astigmatism.
D) being cross-eyed.
E) None of the answer choices are correct.

Question 26

Naked mole rats can tolerate higher CO₂ levels than can mice due to the inhibition of their homeostatic pain receptors by the acid.

Question 27

A subject in a physiological experiment who has been listening to loud noise for 5 minutes reports noticing the noise less over time.The nerve most obviously involved in this sensory adaptation is the

A) auditory nerve.
B) olfactory nerve.
C) cochlear nerve.
D) optic nerve.
E) pons.

Question 28

All organisms with eyes have the pax6 gene that regulates eye formation and light-absorbing pigments called opsins.What does this suggest about the evolution of vision?

A) Organisms with eyes evolved from an early common ancestor.
B) Organisms with eyes evolved independently, multiple times in the past.
C) Eyes are too complex to have been produced by evolution.
D) Simpler eyes were replaced by more complex eyes and are no longer seen in modern animals.
E) Eyes in modern animals are all the same.

Question 29

What is the stress faced by naked mole rats in their crowded burrows?

A) less carbon dioxide in their blood
B) elevated tissue acidity
C) dehydration
D) food shortages
E) insufficient rest

Question 30

The senses of equilibrium and balance derive from the

A) cochlea.
B) semicircular canals.
C) vestibule.
D) cochlea and vestibule.
E) semicircular canals and vestibule.

Question 31

If you wanted to keep your roommates from smelling,and then eating,freshly baked cookies,you could use a drug to disrupt what?

A) mechanoreceptor
B) thermoreceptor
C) photoreceptor
D) chemoreceptor
E) proprioreceptor

Question 32

What advantage would a flatworm with a simple cup eye have over an organism with no photoreceptor cells?

A) They could see structures.
B) They could see color.
C) They would have depth perception.
D) They could orient themselves by detecting light and shadows.
E) There would be no advantage to having such a simple eye.

Question 33

When you sit up and feel dizzy while your hearing remains normal,which of the following is being activated in one part your ear?

A) thermoreceptor in ear lobe
B) photoreceptor in skin
C) mechanoreceptor in vestibular apparatus
D) proprioreceptor in cochlea
E) chemoreceptor in ear drum

Question 34

The rods and cones in the retina transduce light energy into action potentials,which can then travel to the brain for processing.

Question 35

If you lose your sensitivity to the sound of the waves but still notice a seagull flying above you,what is happening?

A) sensory adaptation in sight involving thermoreceptors
B) sensory adaptation in sight and hearing involving mechanoreceptors
C) competition between processing of hearing and sight involving light receptors
D) sensory adaptation in hearing involving mechanoreceptors
E) general sensory diminution involving mechanoreceptors and thermoreceptors

Question 36

Insects have compound eyes.

Question 37

At the snail-shaped _______________,sound is transduced into nerve impulses.

A) vestibule
B) malleus
C) utricle
D) cochlea
E) incus

Question 38

During surgery on the head,a surgeon accidentally cuts a nerve,and the patient loses hearing.The nerve which was cut was the

A) olfactory nerve.
B) auditory nerve.
C) optic nerve.
D) retinal nerve.
E) pons.

Question 39

Sensory adaptation occurs when perception of one sense declines due to repeated stimulation.

Question 40

The mechanoreceptors of the inner ear for balance and for hearing are the same ones.

Question 41

The brain determines loudness of a sound by the number of neurons that are firing and the rate at which they fire.

Question 42

All animal eyes have a macula.

Question 43

Rod cells provide color vision and allow us to see at night.