Deck 17: Circulation and Respiration

Question 1

Most of the cellular component of blood is composed of _____ blood cells, which do not have _______.

A)red; nuclei
B)red; carbonic anhydrase
C)white; nuclei
D)white; carbonic anhydrase
E)white; hemoglobin

Answer 1

A

Question 2

In which of the following vessels or chambers is blood relatively high in oxygen?

A)pulmonary artery
B)right atrium
C)inferior vena cava
D)right ventricle
E)pulmonary vein

Answer 2

E

Question 3

If the pH of the blood were to rise and the blood become less acidic, what affect would this have?

A)The red blood cells would secrete carbonic anhydrase.
B)The blood would carry more CO₂.
C)Hemoglobin would release O₂ more readily.
D)Hemoglobin would be more likely to bind O₂.
E)Heme groups would bind more tightly to the globin.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Only ______ have a lung designed so that air can flow through them in one direction.

A)a few fish
B)amphibians
C)birds
D)mammals
E)insects

Question 5

The alternate name for the mitral valve is

A)the left atrioventricular valve.
B)the aortic semilunar valve.
C)the tricuspid valve.
D)the right atrioventricular valve.
E)the pulmonary semilunar valve.

Question 6

Respiration is controlled by sensors and effectors in the brain and carotid arteries that respond to a rise in ______ by ______ the rate of breathing.

A)O₂; decreasing
B)O₂;increasing
C)CO₂;decreasing
D)CO₂;increasing
E)NO; decreasing

Question 7

Erythropoietin is produced by the _______ and sensed by the _______.

A)liver; kidney
B)kidney; bone marrow
C)red blood cells; bone marrow
D)red blood cells; liver
E)liver; red blood cells

Question 8

Which of the following is an advantage of the human circulatory system over the circulatory system of tarantulas?

A)The human system functions under lower pressure.
B)The human system requires less energy to operate.
C)The human system allows direct contact between tissues and blood.
D)The human system can direct the relative amount of flow of blood to different organs.
E)The human system permits more rapid exchange of gases between respiratory pigment and tissues.

Question 9

Which of the following is not involved in vasodilation or vasoconstriction?

A)hot or cold temperatures
B)hormones
C)oxygen supply
D)nitric oxide
E)angiotensin

Question 10

These vessels typically carry deoxygenated blood, at low pressure, and contain valves.

A)capillaries
B)venules
C)veins
D)arterioles
E)arteries

Question 11

What is the hormone that stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells, as in the case of a hemorrhage?

A)ANH
B)TSH
C)BSH
D)erythropoietin
E)renin

Question 12

Which of the following terms refers to heart pains?

A)atherosclerosis
B)arteriosclerosis
C)angina pectoris
D)myocardial infarction
E)aortic dissection

Question 13

If a physician hears abnormal heart sounds while examining a patient with a stethoscope, this would most likely indicate a problem with

A)the firing of the sinoatrial node.
B)the contraction of the heart muscle.
C)the function of the heart valves.
D)the electrical signal from the muscles of the ventricles.
E)the flow of blood into the atria.

Question 14

The most important function of the globin (protein)portion of a hemoglobin molecule is to

A)directly bind oxygen.
B)promote binding of oxygen to the heme group.
C)allow release of oxygen from the heme group.
D)facilitate the reaction of CO₂ and H₂O.
E)cause constriction of the capillaries.

Question 15

In red blood cells, carbon dioxide binds directly to the

A)heme group.
B)iron atom.
C)oxygen molecule.
D)the globin chains.
E)magnesium atom.

Question 16

Many invertebrates have open circulatory systems and their blood is referred to as

A)bile.
B)perilymph.
C)coelomic fluid.
D)pseudolymph.
E)hemolymph.

Question 17

If an animal has an open circulatory system, it will not have

A)a heart.
B)respiratory organs.
C)oxygen-carrying pigments.
D)transport of nutrients.
E)capillaries.

Question 18

Blood flows from the left ventricle

A)to the aorta.
B)to the left atrium.
C)to the pulmonary artery.
D)to the pulmonary vein.
E)to the right ventricle.

Question 19

In insects, oxygen passes from the ______ to the tissues.

A)cuticle of the epidermis to the blood
B)tracheae directly
C)tracheae to the blood
D)lungs to the blood
E)gills to the blood

Question 20

As a fish forces water across its gill, the blood flowing through the gill

A)picks up O₂ over the whole route of exchange.
B)picks up O₂ during the first half of the exchange path, then equilibrates.
C)picks up O₂ over the second half of the exchange route only.
D)removes O₂ from the gill and then releases most of its O₂ back to the gill.
E)releases O₂ over the whole route of exchange.

Question 21

Match the following vessels with the proper description.

Question 22

What is the term for swelling, due to accumulation of lymphatic fluid?

A)angina
B)edema
C)engorgement
D)vasoconstriction
E)vasodilation

Question 23

The ancestral lung of fish has developed into a unique structure used for another important function. What is this function?

A)respiration
B)buoyancy
C)lymph circulation
D)excretion of uric acid
E)excretion of urea

Question 24

Match blood component to the appropriate description.

Question 25

Match the following terms. Answer may be used more than once.

Question 26

Bird respiration is extremely efficient because birds possess

A)a very long trachea.
B)lungs.
C)nares.
D)air sacs.
E)air bladders.