Deck 25: Human Nutrition

Question 1

"Essential" nutrients describe nutrients that

A) the body is not able to produce.
B) the body is able to produce so no food source is needed.
C) are needed in very low quantities.
D) cannot be found within food sources.
E) make up a large proportion of the body.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Scientific testing has not been performed on many herbal supplements.

Answer 2

True
Explanation: Herbal supplements are not considered medicine and so are not regulated by the FDA and are not required to be tested for their safety or efficacy.

Question 3

Which of the following minerals is typically over consumed by Americans?

A) sodium
B) potassium
C) iron
D) cholesterol
E) calcium

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT part of a plan to maintain a healthy weight?

A) physical activity
B) a kilocalorie output equal to the kilocalorie input
C) appropriate intake of vitamins and minerals
D) moderate intake of fats
E) a kilocalorie output less than the kilocalorie input

Question 5

Adult females need more iron in their diet than males because women

A) require more red blood cells.
B) require more iron to maintain eggs.
C) lose hemoglobin during menstruation.
D) are not as efficient in manufacturing hemoglobin.
E) are not as efficient in manufacturing red blood cells.

Question 6

Fiber is important in the diet in

A) providing glucose for cells.
B) stimulating movements of the large intestine.
C) assisting in fat digestion in the small intestine.
D) aiding absorption of fats in the small intestine.
E) providing essential amino acids.

Question 7

Carbohydrates are typically broken down to

A) maltose, the molecule stored for future energy needs.
B) fructose, the molecule stored for future energy needs.
C) glucose, the molecule used as the energy source in cells.
D) glycogen, the molecule used as the energy source in cells.
E) glucose, the molecule stored for future energy needs.

Question 8

Foods derived from animals typically contain _____ while foods derived from plants typically contain _____.

A) saturated fats; unsaturated fats
B) trans fats; saturated fats
C) unsaturated fats; saturated fats
D) saturated fats; trans fats
E) unsaturated fats; trans fats

Question 9

.Which of the following statements is NOT true about antioxidant vitamins?

A)They include certain water soluble vitamins,specifically vitamin C.
B)They are abundant in fruits and vegetables.
C)They protect the body against free radicals.
D)They include certain fat soluble vitamins,specifically vitamins A and E.
E)They are difficult to get in the diet.

Question 10

Micronutrients

A) supply the body's energy needs.
B) are needed in large quantities.
C) include lipids and proteins.
D) include vitamins and minerals.
E) include carbohydrates.

Question 11

Fiber is a type of ________ provided by ________.

A) fat, animals
B) carbohydrate, plants
C) protein, plants
D) carbohydrate, honey
E) protein, animals

Question 12

If a person increases his food intake without increasing his energy need for metabolic functions or processing,what will he need to do in order to maintain his weight?

A) decrease physical activity
B) increase physical activity
C) consume additional vitamins
D) drink additional water
E) drink less water

Question 13

The best definition of a nutrient is

A) any food taken into the body.
B) a food component which performs a physiological function in the body.
C) a food component which can be stored in the body for future energy needs.
D) an essential vitamin or mineral.
E) a food component which enhances one's health.

Question 14

Bleeding gums and easy bruising of skin is a symptom of a(n)

A)deficiency disorder involving vitamin D.
B)eating disorder involving the intake of too few calories.
C)deficiency disorder involving lipids.
D)deficiency disorder involving vitamin C.
E)deficiency disorder involving potassium

Question 15

Essential amino acids are obtained only from animal proteins.

Question 16

Dietary supplements

A) are always safe because they are natural.
B) can be harmful.
C) can accumulate to toxic levels.
D) can be harmful and accumulate to toxic levels.
E) are regulated by the federal government.

Question 17

Regulation of metabolic activities typically involves

A) cholesterol.
B) water.
C) vitamins.
D) minerals.
E) glycogen.

Question 18

Trans fats are

A) found naturally in animals.
B) found naturally in plants.
C) produced by hydrogenating unsaturated oils.
D) produced by hydrogenating saturated fats.
E) produced by hydrogenating animal fats.

Question 19

Energy needs are supplied by

A) carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.
B) micronutrients.
C) antioxidants.
D) fiber.
E) essential amino acids.

Question 20

Proteins must be ingested in order to obtain

A)necessary trans fats.
B)essential amino acids.
C)essential cholesterol.
D)needed minerals such as potassium and magnesium.
E)needed vitamins such as vitamin C.

Question 21

A person's total daily intake of water must be obtained through drinking liquids.

Question 22

Eating disorders

A) are caused primarily by biological factors.
B) occur only in woman.
C) are caused by a combination of biological, social, and psychological factors.
D) always involve overeating.
E) rarely have serious consequences for one's health.

Question 23

Healthy food choices that contain lipids include

A) white fish.
B) red meat.
C) whole milk.
D) cheese.
E) shrimp and lobster.

Question 24

Which of the following foods would be considered an empty calorie food?

A) potato chips
B) broccoli
C) sweet potatoes
D) salmon
E) whole grain pasta

Question 25

Which of the following is a healthy Body Mass Index?

A) 20.3
B) 26.6
C) 29.2
D) 32.8
E) 41.5

Question 26

When looking at a food label,in order to know how many calories you will ingest,it is important to know total number of calories and

A) serving size.
B) % daily value of protein.
C) number of grams of fat.
D) number of grams of fiber.
E) % daily value of sodium.

Question 27

Lipids

A) add to fecal bulk.
B) regulate metabolism and physiological development.
C) may be used to make certain hormones and vitamin
D) should be reduced as much as possible in the diet.

Question 28

The USDA recommends which type of food should compose the smallest percentage of our diet?

A) fruits and vegetables
B) fats and oils
C) meat, eggs, and nuts
D) breads and cereals
E) dairy products

Question 29

Obesity increases the risk of diabetes type 2 and cardiovascular disease.

Question 30

Yellow-orange and dark green fruits and vegetables are a good source of

A)vitamin A.
B)vitamin D.
C)vitamin E.
D)biotin.
E)vitamin C.

Question 31

Cholesterol can be synthesized by the body and is eaten in certain foods.

Question 32

Which of the following minerals is INCORRECTLY matched with its function in the body?

A) potassium - nerve conduction
B) sulfur - part of some amino acids and vitamins
C) iron - bone growth
D) sodium - water balance
E) copper - iron metabolism

Question 33

Which of the following minerals is INCORRECTLY matched with its source?

A) calcium - leafy green vegetables
B) phosphorus - meat
C) iodine - sea food
D) zinc - fruit
E) magnesium - whole grains

Question 34

Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are similar in that both involve

A) a starvation diet.
B) a less than healthy body weight.
C) binging and purging.
D) a normal body weight.
E) an abnormal focus on muscle development.

Question 35

Which of the following is an incorrect match?

A) trans fat - margarine
B) saturated fat - beef
C) unsaturated fat - olive oil
D) saturated fat - cold water fish
E) unsaturated fat - canola oil

Question 36

If egg yolks are a source of cholesterol,why doesn't eating a few eggs a week raise blood cholesterol?

A) Cholesterol from eggs does not affect HDL-cholesterol levels.
B) The impact on LDL-cholesterol levels is greater from dietary saturated and trans fats than from cholesterol.
C) Cholesterol from eggs naturally lowers LDL-cholesterol levels.
D) The human body produces more cholesterol than is in the two eggs.
E) Cholesterol from eggs naturally raises LDL-cholesterol levels.

Question 37

Carbohydrates

A) should not comprise a large amount of the diet.
B) are mostly found in animal sources of food.
C) are stored as starch by animals.
D) are converted to glucose for transport in the blood.
E) are stored for insulation and protection of organs.

Question 38

In diabetes type 2,cells become resistant to insulin because of

A) reduced levels of glucose.
B) reduced levels of insulin.
C) chronically high levels of insulin.
D) chronically high levels of glycogen.
E) reduced levels of glycogen.

Question 39

A serving of food contains 9g carbohydrate,3g protein,and 5g fat.The total calories per serving of this food is

A) 73.
B) 83.
C) 93.
D) 103.

Question 40

Stephen has a family history of diabetes type II.He knows he should reduce the amount of sugars in his diet but is not sure how to go about it.What is some advice you might give him?

A) Most breakfast cereals are a good way to start the day.
B) Eat white bread instead of whole wheat.
C) Cooking with sugar is alright since it breaks down in the process of heating.
D) Avoid jams and jellies.
E) Use honey instead of spices like cinnamon to flavor your food.

Question 41

Which of the following is the least likely to contribute protein to the diet?

A) eggs
B) fish
C) dried beans
D) milk
E) vegetable oil

Question 42

The percent of daily value on a nutrition facts label is based on

A) a diet of 2000 calories day.
B) a diet of 2500 calories a day.
C) a BMI of 22.
D) an individual weighing 175 pounds.
E) an individual weighting 120 pounds.

Question 43

Dietary supplements are safe to use due to the governmental regulations they go through before they are approved for sale.

Question 44

A diet high in fiber may contribute to a lower chance of heart disease because

A) fiber absorbs cholesterol.
B) fiber absorbs excess sugars in the blood stream.
C) fiber is capable of breaking apart clots in the blood stream.
D) fiber produces cholesterol.
E) fiber promotes fecal formation which contributes to movements of the large intestine.

Question 45

Which eating disorder is characterized by a person thinking that their body is underdeveloped?

A) muscle dysmorphia
B) binge-eating disorder
C) bulimia nervosa
D) anorexia nervosa
E) type 2 diabetes

Question 46

Mark is 72 inches tall and weighs 180 pounds.According to Mark's BMI,he is

A) at a healthy weight.
B) overweight.
C) moderately obese.
D) morbidly obese.
E) underweight.

Question 47

Ashley has been diagnosed with high blood pressure.Her doctor recommended that she try to lower the amount of sodium in her diet.What advice would you give her?

A) eat canned soups; they are typically low in salt.
B) cheese is a good source of protein and calcium, low in sodium.
C) adding salt to vegetables while cooking is alright since most of the salt pours off when you drain them.
D) use spices instead of salt to flavor food when cooking.
E) hot dogs, bacon, and other processed meats are a good source of protein low in sodium.

Question 48

One serving of the food shown on this label contains ________ calories from protein.

A) 20
B) 5
C) 45
D) 15
E) 120

Question 49

Which meal plan is in the closest accordance of the UDSA guide lines?

A) 6 oz. grains, 2.5 cups of vegetables, 2 cups of fruit and 3 cups of milk
B) 2 oz. of grains, 1 cup of vegetables, 2 cups of fruit and 2 cups of milk
C) 6 oz. grains, 2.5 cups of vegetables, 1 cup oils and 5.5 oz. of meat
D) 3 oz. grains, 2 cups fruits, 3 tsp. oils, and 5.5 oz meat
E) 3 cups vegetables, 2 cups fruit, 1 cup milk, and 4 oz meat

Question 50

It is July and Julie was out playing softball all day.She had to leave the game early because she was not feeling well.What is most likely occurring to Julie?

A) Her body is dehydrated and her core body temperature is increasing
B) Her body is dehydrated and her core body temperature is decreasing
C) Her body is fatigued from all of the exercise
D) Her muscles are cramped up due to a lack of calcium
E) Her aerobic conditioning was not strong enough to handle all of the exercise

Question 51

What criteria is used to distinguish between an empty-calorie food and a junk food?

A) Empty-calorie food have a high sugar to vitamin ratio.
B) Empty-calorie food have a low sugar to vitamin ratio.
C) Empty-calorie foods have no calories in them at all.
D) Empty calorie foods are made completely from artificial ingredients.
E) Junk foods have a higher vitamins to sugar ratio than empty-calorie foods.

Question 52

Which statement is correct about empty-calorie foods?

A) empty-calorie foods have a high amount of fat in relation to the vitamin content
B) empty-calorie foods have a low amount of fat in relation to the vitamin content
C) empty-calorie foods have a high amount of protein in relation to the vitamin content
D) empty-calorie foods have a high amount of vitamins in them
E) empty-calorie foods have a high amount of fiber in them

Question 53

For a healthy 2000 calorie diet,________ of vegetables should be eaten each day.

A) 6 oz
B) 2 ½ cups
C) 2 Tbsp
D) 1 cup
E) 3 cups, 2 cups for kids aged 2-8

Question 54

Which of the following substances is NOT correctly matched with its caloric value?

A) carbohydrate - 4 kcal/gram
B) fat - 4 kcal/gram
C) water - 0 kcal/gram
D) protein - 4 kcal/gram
E) fiber - 0 kcal/gram

Question 55

Mark is 72 inches tall and weighs 180 pounds.His Body Mass Index is

A) 24.4.
B) 20.0.
C) 29.8.
D) 33.2.
E) 35.4.

Question 56

Which of the following pieces of nutritional information is not listed on the nutritional label of a food package?

A) Daily % of water available in the food.
B) Daily % of protein available in the food.
C) Daily % of fat available in the food.
D) Serving size per container.
E) Calories based upon serving size.

Question 57

Which of the following correctly ranks the following food groups in order from most to least amount to be consumed each day?

A) grains, fruits, meats, oils
B) fruits, grains, meats, oils
C) grains, oils, meats, fruits
D) oils, meats, grains, fruits
E) meats, oils, grains, fruits

Question 58

Which food source is not rich in fiber?

A) chicken
B) beans
C) peas
D) nuts
E) fruits

Question 59

Which source of protein does not contain the nine essential amino acids?

A) nuts
B) eggs
C) milk
D) chicken
E) beef

Question 60

During water intoxication (hyponatrimia),which electrolytes can become out of balance?

A) sodium and potassium
B) sodium and calcium
C) calcium and potassium
D) iron and magnesium
E) zinc and iron