Deck 12: Skeletal System

Question 1

Bone cells are called ________ while cartilage cells are called ________.

A) osteocytes, osteoblasts
B) lacunae, osteocytes
C) chondrocytes, lacunae
D) osteoblasts, chondrocytes
E) osteocytes, chondrocytes

Answer 1

osteocytes, chondrocytes

Question 2

From the outside to the inside of a long bone,what is the first tissue encountered?

A) compact bone
B) spongy bone
C) periosteum
D) medullary cavity
E) bone marrow

Answer 2

periosteum

Question 3

Which function of the skeletal system requires the leg bones to be extremely strong?

A) They support the entire body.
B) They protect soft body parts.
C) They produce blood cells.
D) They store minerals and fat.
E) They permit flexible body movement.

Answer 3

They support the entire body.

Question 4

What two hormones are involved in regulating the blood calcium level?

A) calcitonin and renin
B) renin and aldosterone
C) renin and PTH
D) aldosterone and PTH
E) PTH and calcitonin

Question 5

What type of cartilage is found at the ends of the long bones?

A) elastic cartilage
B) fibrocartilage
C) hyaline cartilage
D) spongy
E) compact

Question 6

Only certain bones in the fetus produce blood cells,but all the bones in the adult produce blood cells.

Question 7

Arrange the steps of bone repair in order: 1.Remodeling; 2.Bony callus; 3.Hematoma; 4.Fibrocartilaginous callus

A) 1,2,3,4
B) 4,3,2,1
C) 1,2,4,3
D) 3,4,2,1
E) 2,1,4,3

Question 8

Jason broke his finger playing football,while Sean tore the cartilage in his knee playing basketball.Which one will heal faster and why?

A) Jason, bones have a blood supply and heal faster
B) Jason, fingers bear less weight than knees do
C) Sean, cartilage has a blood supply and heals faster
D) Sean, knees can be immobilized easier than fingers
E) Jason, fingers require fewer nutrients to repair because they are small

Question 9

Where,besides adipose tissue,is fat stored?

A) matrix of bone
B) yellow bone marrow
C) red bone marrow
D) periosteum
E) articular cartilage

Question 10

Bones continue to grow throughout a lifetime.

Question 11

As long as the growth plate remains,the limbs will keep increasing in length.

Question 12

How are osteocytes and osteoblasts related?

A) Osteocytes become osteoblasts as the bone matures.
B) Osteoblasts become osteocytes as the bone matures.
C) Osteocytes and osteoblasts have the same function, but osteocytes work in the adult and osteoblasts work in the fetus.
D) Osteocytes and osteoblasts work opposite each other. One builds up bone while the other absorbs it.
E) Osteocytes are mature bone cells while osteoblasts are a form of bone cancer.

Question 13

Exercise stimulates the activity of osteoclasts instead of osteoblasts.

Question 14

Bone recycling allows the body to regulate what?

A) the amount of sodium in the blood
B) the amount of calcium in the blood
C) the amount of sodium in the bone
D) the amount of vitamin C in the blood
E) the amount of vitamin D in the bone

Question 15

Which function of the skeleton do the rib cage,vertebral column,and skull provide?

A) support the body
B) protect soft body parts
C) produce blood cells
D) store minerals and fats
E) permit flexible body movement

Question 16

The epiglottis is a structure that needs to be strong but extremely flexible.What type of tissue gives the epiglottis this property?

A) elastic cartilage
B) fibrocartilage
C) hyaline cartilage
D) bone
E) muscle

Question 17

What is a canaliculus?

A) the large cavity inside a long bone
B) a stress plate in spongy bone
C) a fibrous connective covering of bone
D) a small channel in the matrix of bone
E) a type of bone forming cell

Question 18

What term is associated with spongy bone but not with compact bone?

A) canaliculi
B) osteocytes
C) trabeculae
D) bone marrow
E) blood vessels

Question 19

Which of the following statements is not true regarding the region of primary ossification of a bone?

A) Osteoblasts are derived from the newly formed periosteum.
B) Bone formation spreads from the center to the ends of the bone.
C) As the cartilage models calcify, the chondrocytes die off.
D) The region of primary ossification is where osteoclasts are laid down on the outside of the bone.
E) A band of cartilage remains between the primary ossification center and each secondary center.

Question 20

The medullary cavity is within the diaphysis of a long bone.

Question 21

The thoracic vertebrae are associated with the ribs.

Question 22

What are the intervertebral disks made of?

A) bone
B) skeletal muscle
C) hyaline cartilage
D) fibrocartilage
E) elastic cartilage

Question 23

Which of the following bones is not part of the pectoral girdle and attached limbs?

A) clavicle
B) sternum
C) scapula
D) ulna
E) humerus

Question 24

How long does the bony callus in a bone repair last?

A) 1-2 days
B) 3-4 weeks
C) 3-4 months
D) 1-2 years
E) more than 10 years

Question 25

How are the bones of the cranium named?

A) for their articulations with the vertebral column
B) for whether they are formed from cartilage or not
C) for their shape
D) for their size
E) for the lobes of the brain they protect

Question 26

Which of the following is not part of the axial skeleton?

A) clavicle
B) hyoid
C) temporal
D) rib
E) vertebrae

Question 27

Due to the compression of her intervertebral disks,Carla had several of her lumbar vertebrae fused together.How does this affect Carla?

A) She will have limited movement in that area.
B) She will not be affected at all.
C) She will need assistance in walking.
D) She will be unable to stand upright.
E) She will be unable to lie flat on her back.

Question 28

What are the functions of the sinuses?

A) to drain fluid from the brain and to allow the brain to expand
B) to give a resonant sound to the voice and to allow the brain to expand
C) to lighten the skull and drain fluid from the brain
D) to lighten the skull and give a resonant sound to the voice
E) to allow the brain to expand and to lighten the skull

Question 29

Emma developed a rotator cuff injury.What part of her body is injured?

A) neck
B) upper back
C) shoulder
D) lower back
E) lower arm

Question 30

What is the name of the first cervical vertebra? Why?

A) atlas, Greek mythology
B) atlas, it allows "yes" motion of the head
C) axis, Roman mythology
D) axis, it allows the "no" motion of the head
E) sphinoid, Egyptian sphinx mythology

Question 31

Jill broke her cheekbone in an ice skating accident.Which bone did she break?

A) temporal bone
B) mandible
C) maxilla
D) zygomatic bone
E) frontal bone

Question 32

Which of the following is not part of the coxal bone?

A) patella
B) ilium
C) ischium
D) pubis
E) acetabulum

Question 33

What criterion is used to categorize the skeleton into axial and appendicular?

A) whether the bones are weight bearing or not
B) whether the bones lie on the midline or on a girdle
C) whether the bones are flat or long
D) whether the bones contain red bone marrow or yellow bone marrow
E) whether the bones articulate with the pelvis or not

Question 34

How many bones are present in the pelvic girdle?

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four
E) five

Question 35

A simple break of the tibia is when the bone pierces the skin.

Question 36

All 12 pairs of ribs connect directly to the thoracic vertebrae in the back and the sternum in the front.

Question 37

How is bone repair different from bone development?

A) A hematoma indicates an injury has occurred.
B) Osteoblasts are not involved in bone repair but they are in bone development.
C) Osteoclasts are involved in bone development but not in bone repair.
D) Only spongy bone is built in bone repair while both spongy and compact bone are built in bone development.
E) There is no cartilage involved in bone repair but there is in bone development.

Question 38

The name of the "tailbone" is the

A) lumbar.
B) sacrum.
C) coccyx.
D) sphinoid.
E) axis.

Question 39

Which bone in the body does not articulate with any other bone?

A) scapula
B) maxilla
C) hyoid
D) coccyx
E) temporal

Question 40

How many vertebrae are there?

A) 5
B) 10
C) 18
D) 24
E) 33

Question 41

Which of the following is not a type of joint?

A) trochanter
B) fibrous
C) cartilaginous
D) synovial
E) suture

Question 42

What holds the patella in place?

A) the lateral epicondyle
B) the quadriceps tendon
C) the medial condyle
D) the lateral malleolus
E) the greater trochanter

Question 43

Which of the following is not associated with a synovial joint?

A) bursae
B) menisci
C) ligaments
D) fibrocartilage
E) fibrous capsule

Question 44

Which of the following joints is a fibrous joint?

A) sutures between cranial bones
B) ribs and sternum
C) intervertebral disks
D) elbow
E) knee

Question 45

Which bone is the longest and strongest bone in the body?

A) humerus
B) pelvis
C) tibia
D) fibula
E) femur

Question 46

When you hit your "funny bone," what are you hitting?

A) olecranon process
B) deltoid tuberosity
C) acromion process
D) head of ulna
E) glenoid cavity

Question 47

The head of the radius is located at the

A) elbow.
B) wrist.
C) shoulder.
D) sternum.
E) knee.

Question 48

A synovial joint allows for flexion and extension,adduction and abduction,and inversion and eversion,but not rotation and circumduction.

Question 49

When Phillip was little,he walked on the outside edge of his feet.Turning one's foot like this is what type of movement?

A) rotation
B) eversion
C) inversion
D) circumduction
E) adduction and abduction

Question 50

A meniscus is made up of synovial fluid found within a joint.

Question 51

There are phalanges in both the lower limbs and upper limbs.

Question 52

A ligament connects

A) cartilage to bone.
B) muscle to bone.
C) bone to bone.
D) a cartilaginous joint.
E) muscle to muscle.

Question 53

Daniel has a very large deltoid tuberosity.This is probably because Daniel

A) is a pianist.
B) spends a lot of time playing video games.
C) lifts heavy weights with his arms.
D) plays basketball.
E) is a runner.

Question 54

It is not possible to tell whether skeletal remains are male or female.

Question 55

When you nod your head "yes," what type of movement are you using?

A) flexion and extension
B) adduction and abduction
C) rotation
D) circumduction
E) inversion

Question 56

The humerus fits into what at the shoulder?

A) acetabulum
B) clavicle
C) acromion process
D) glenoid cavity
E) olecranon process

Question 57

When you kick your foot out in front of you,what type of movement are you using?

A) adduction and abduction
B) flexion and extension
C) rotation
D) eversion
E) inversion

Question 58

List and describe the three types of joints found in the human body.

Question 59

Which part of a synovial joint is a fluid-filled sac?

A) symphysis
B) suture
C) synovial membrane
D) menisci
E) bursa

Question 60

Which type of joints tend to be slightly movable?

A) fibrous
B) cartilaginous
C) synovial
D) sutures
E) none of these are slightly moveable

Question 61

Which bone(s)is (are)part of the pectoral girdle?

A) clavicle
B) radius
C) ulna
D) carpals
E) manubrium

Question 62

Which bone(s)is (are)part of the pelvic girdle?

A) coxal bones
B) clavicle
C) femur
D) scapula
E) talus

Question 63

Which joint action allows for the body part to move towards the midline?

A) adduction
B) abduction
C) flexion
D) pronation
E) eversion

Question 64

Describe the steps involved in bone growth by endochondral ossification.

Question 65

Which joint has the greatest range of motion?

A) synovial
B) suture
C) fibrous
D) cartilaginous
E) All of these are equally movable.

Question 66

What term is used to describe bone cells?

A) osteocytes
B) chondrocytes
C) trabeculae
D) periosteum
E) epiphysis

Question 67

List the three types of cartilage found in the body and indicate a function for each.