Deck 6: Cardiovascular System: Blood

Question 1

What are the most abundant plasma proteins that also establish the osmotic pressure of the plasma?

A) fibrinogens
B) gamma globulins
C) astrocytes
D) albumins
E) hemoglobin

Answer 1

albumins

Question 2

What percentage of carbon dioxide carried in blood is dissolved in plasma?

A) 0%
B) 1%
C) 5%
D) 7%
E) 10%

Answer 2

7%

Question 3

The two major components of blood are

A) red blood cells and white blood cells.
B) plasma and serum.
C) plasma and red blood cells.
D) formed elements and plasma.
E) platelets and plasma.

Answer 3

formed elements and plasma.

Question 4

Mature human red blood cells

A) have a nucleus.
B) are biconcave discs without a nucleus.
C) are rare in the bloodstream.
D) carry plasma.
E) fight pathogens.

Question 5

What hormone produced in the kidneys stimulates production of red blood cells?

A) carbonic anhydrase
B) prolactin
C) erythropoietin
D) adrenaline
E) lipase

Question 6

Which of the following substances is not considered part of blood plasma?

A) dissolved O₂
B) glucose
C) urea
D) albumin
E) red blood cells

Question 7

What gives rise to all the formed elements of the blood?

A) megakaryocytes
B) macrophages
C) reticulocytes
D) stem cells
E) erythroblasts

Question 8

Jennifer received a gamma globulin shot after being exposed to hepatitis.The gamma globulins served what function?

A) blood clotting agents
B) transport molecules for cholesterol and iron
C) antibodies
D) osmoregulatory molecules
E) transport molecules for glucose

Question 9

After hemoglobin binds carbon dioxide,it is known as

A) oxyhemoglobin.
B) beta hemoglobin.
C) carbaminohemoglobin.
D) alpha hemoglobin.
E) deoxyhemoglobin.

Question 10

Which of the following are actually cell fragments and not whole cells?

A) RBCs
B) WBCs
C) platelets
D) albumins
E) globulins

Question 11

How many globin chains are found in hemoglobin?

A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
E) 4

Question 12

What makes blood red?

A) albumin
B) hemoglobin
C) fibrinogen
D) globulins
E) platelets

Question 13

If there is a problem with clotting,what plasma protein may be involved?

A) fibrinogens
B) gamma globulins
C) alpha globulins
D) albumins
E) beta globulins

Question 14

The most abundant component of plasma is water.

Question 15

Which part of the hemoglobin molecule actually binds the oxygen molecule? Which part binds carbon dioxide?

A) globin chain; globin chain
B) heme; heme
C) globin chain; heme
D) heme; globin chain
E) cell membrane; cell wall

Question 16

Approximately how many oxygen molecules can a single RBC carry?

A) less than 10
B) one hundred
C) one thousand
D) one million
E) one billion

Question 17

If your skin and the whites of your eyes appear yellow,what is not being excreted?

A) heme
B) globin chains
C) carbonic acid
D) carbon dioxide
E) biocarbonate ion

Question 18

Blood plays an important role in homeostasis.

Question 19

Which of the following is not a function of blood?

A) transport
B) defense
C) regulation
D) pumping
E) carry oxygen

Question 20

RBCs are better known as _____ and WBCs are better known as _____.

A) lymphocytes; monocytes
B) erythrocytes; eosinophils
C) leukocytes; erythrocytes
D) erythrocytes; leukocytes
E) macrophages; neutrophils

Question 21

Which term refers to uncontrolled growth of white blood cells?

A) leukemia
B) infectious mononucleosis
C) thrombocytopenia
D) hemophilia
E) thromboembolism

Question 22

In someone with terrible allergies,what leukocyte levels would be elevated?

A) neutrophil, eosinophil
B) monocyte, megakaryocyte
C) eosinophil, basophil
D) lymphocyte, monocyte
E) megakaryocyte, basophil

Question 23

B lymphocytes are associated with

A) antibody production.
B) megakaryocyte breakdown.
C) macrophage production.
D) antigen production.
E) allergic reactions.

Question 24

Blood clotting requires 12 clotting factors and calcium ions (Ca²⁺)to ensure that plasma and the formed elements leave the blood vessels.

Question 25

White blood cells are like red blood cells in that they only live for a matter of days.

Question 26

List the steps involved in the formation of a blood clot.When a blood vessel is punctured

Question 27

Red blood cells are unable to undergo mitosis.

Question 28

The production of leukocytes is regulated by

A) rennin.
B) erythropoietin.
C) colony-stimulating factor.
D) folic acid.
E) prolactin.

Question 29

Mark suffers from nosebleeds and gastrointestinal bleeding due to increased breakdown of platelets outside the marrow.This is called

A) thrombocytopenia.
B) thromboembolism.
C) hemophilia.
D) prothrombin disease.
E) sickle-cell anemia.

Question 30

Both red blood cells and white blood cells

A) are derived from the same original stem cell.
B) have a nucleus.
C) have hemoglobin.
D) have mitochondria and other organelles.
E) can carry carbon dioxide in the blood.

Question 31

Cytotoxic T cells have the ability to

A) produce antibodies.
B) destroy pathogens.
C) increase erythrocyte production.
D) stimulate thrombin.
E) produce platelets.

Question 32

Robby could not produce the enzyme adenosine deaminase.As a result,he suffered from

A) mononucleosis.
B) cystic fibrosis.
C) sickle-cell anemia.
D) SCID.
E) Graves'disease.

Question 33

A test for metal toxicity looks at the amount of metal present in the red blood cell membrane.How long ago could metal poisoning have occurred and still be found in the cell membrane?

A) a few days
B) a week
C) a month
D) 3 months
E) 6 months

Question 34

If a person does not have enough iron in the diet,he or she may suffer from

A) acidosis.
B) blood doping.
C) hemolysis.
D) anemia.
E) jaundice.

Question 35

Which of the following is not a characteristic of infectious mononucleosis?

A) It is caused by an Epstein-Barr virus.
B) Symptoms include fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph glands.
C) There is uncontrolled white blood cell proliferation.
D) Active EBV can be passed in saliva.
E) The virus remains within a person's body for the rest of his or her life.

Question 36

Monocytes are large blood cells that differentiate into

A) megakaryocytes.
B) neutrophils.
C) globulins.
D) macrophages.
E) fibrinogens.

Question 37

Blood clotting requires six clotting factors and calcium ions (Ca²⁺)to ensure that plasma and the formed elements remain in the blood vessels.

Question 38

After blood clots,the yellowish fluid that escapes from the clot is called

A) thrombin.
B) fibrinogen.
C) serum.
D) lymph.
E) plasma.

Question 39

List the five types of white blood cells and their functions.

Question 40

Which of the following are agranular leukocytes?

A) neutrophils and basophils
B) lymphocytes and monocytes
C) eosinophils and monocytes
D) monocytes and neutrophils
E) neutrophils and lymphocytes

Question 41

The final reaction in blood clotting is

A) fibrinogen → fibrin.
B) platelets → prothrombin activator.
C) prothrombin → thrombin.
D) plasmin → fibrin.
E) fibrin → thrombin.

Question 42

Hemophilia is a genetic clotting disorder.

Question 43

How does the muscular system benefit the blood?

A) protects the vessels
B) keeps blood moving through the heart and vessels
C) regulates the acid-base balance of the blood
D) maintains blood volume
E) produces the blood cells

Question 44

Which body system does not dump some product into the blood?

A) the urinary system
B) the muscular system
C) the digestive system
D) the respiratory system
E) All body systems dump wastes into the blood.

Question 45

Agglutination refers to the

A) production of antibodies.
B) destruction of red blood cells.
C) development of platelets.
D) production of lymphocytes.
E) clumping of red blood cells.

Question 46

Jeremy has type O negative blood.What type of blood could he receive in a transfusion?

A) O negative only
B) A positive, A negative, B positive, and B negative
C) A positive and B positive
D) AB positive only
E) AB negative only

Question 47

Robby has type B positive blood.His blood will contain

A)A and Rh antigens,and anti-B antibodies.
B)A but no Rh antigens,and anti-B antibodies.
C)B but no Rh antigens,and anti-A antibodies.
D)B and Rh antigens,and anti-A antibodies.
E)B and Rh antigens,and no antibodies.

Question 48

If mom has already developed anti-Rh antibodies during her first pregnancy,a RhoGAM shot will not help her second pregnancy.

Question 49

List and describe the functions of blood in the human body.

Question 50

Ray is considered a universal donor.His blood type is

A)O.
B)A.
C)B.
D)AB.

Question 51

What do type A positive and AB negative blood have in common?

A) A and B antigens
B) A antigens and Rh antigens, anti-B antibodies
C) anti-B antibodies and Rh antigens
D) A antigens, anti-B antibodies
E) A antigens

Question 52

With respect to antigens and antibodies,what do type O negative and type AB positive blood have in common?

A) A and B antigens, no antibodies
B) A antigens, anti-B antibodies
C) B antigens, no antibodies
D) no antibodies
E) nothing

Question 53

The fragmentation of very large megakaryocytes results in the production of

A) leukocytes.
B) erythrocytes.
C) albumins.
D) platelets.
E) globulins.

Question 54

A person with O negative blood has what antigens on his or her red blood cells?

A) A only
B) B only
C) A and Rh
D) B and Rh
E) none

Question 55

Jena and Seth could have a child with hemolytic disease of the newborn.Jena must be

A)Rh-negative.
B)Rh-positive.
C)a carrier for anemia.
D)blood type A.
E)blood type O.

Question 56

If blood clotting doesn't occur correctly,what could happen?

A) Formed elements and plasma would not remain in the blood.
B) Red blood cells would increase in concentration.
C) The Ca²⁺ concentration in the blood would increase.
D) The blood pressure of the individuals would increase.
E) Fluid would accumulate in the body.

Question 57

Coagulation contributes to homeostasis by

A) keeping the blood within the vessels.
B) regulating body temperature.
C) destroying pathogens.
D) removing debris from the blood.
E) maintaining the pH of the blood.

Question 58

A person will have antibodies against any blood antigens different from his or her own,regardless of whether he or she has had a transfusion or not.

Question 59

In which of the following scenarios would hemolytic disease of the newborn be a possibility?

A)Mom is Rh-negative and dad is Rh-positive.
B)Both mom and dad are Rh-negative.
C)Both mom and dad are Rh-positive.
D)Mom is Rh-positive and dad is Rh-negative.
E)Mom is blood type O and dad is blood type B.

Question 60

The ABO antigens and Rh antigens are the only blood groups considered before a transfusion.

Question 61

Hormones produced by the endocrine system regulate blood volume and blood cell formation.

Question 62

Excess tissue fluid becomes lymphatic fluid that eventually enters the blood stream.

Question 63

Which of the following is not a role the skeletal system plays in helping the cardiovascular system?

A) protects the heart
B) protects the brain
C) regulates the contraction of the heart
D) stores calcium for blood clotting
E) assists muscles in movement of blood in veins